Objective To study the core behavioral symptoms,biological indicators,and pathological changes of a mouse model of breast cancer complicated with depression induced using 4T1 breast cancer cell inoculation combined with chronic restraint stress(CRS).Methods BABL/c mice were randomly divided into Control,Stress,Tumor,and stress combined with tumor(S+T)groups.Mice in the tumor and S+T groups were inoculated under the front legs with breast cancer 4T1 cells.After tumor formation,mice in the stress and S+T groups were subjected to CRS for 21 days.The body weight and food intake of each group were monitored during modeling.After the experiment,the occurrence of depression-like behavior of mice in each group was evaluated by sucrose preference test,open field test,elevated plus-maze test,and forced swimming test.After the mice were decapitated,the weights and volumes of the tumors were measured.Concentrations of serum tumor markers,including carbohydrate antigen(CA199),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and related neurotransmitters,including 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),norepinephrine(NE),and corticosterone(CORT),were determined using ELISA.HE staining was used to observe histopathological changes to the hippocampus and tumor.Results In S+T group mice,body weight and food intake were significantly decreased,tumor weight and volume were significantly increased,serum tumor marker(CA199,CEA,VEGF)levels were significantly increased,enthusiasm and desire to explore a new environment were reduced,stress and despair behaviors were significantly increased,and levels of the serum neurotransmitters 5-HT and NE and levels of CORT were significantly increased.In addition,the cell arrangement in the tumor tissue was loose,the amount of intercellular substance decreased,the pathological nuclear classification phase was increased,the arrangement and morphology of neurons in the CA3 region of the hippocampus were disordered,and there were obvious nuclear vacuolation-like changes.Conclusions A mouse model of breast cancer complicated with depression induced by 4T1 breast cancer cell inoculation combined with CRS showed the typical dual symptoms and biological indicators of breast cancer and depression and can be used as a good reference model for experimental studies of breast cancer complicated with depression.

Both morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer are in the front rank among malignant tumors.At present,enhanced CT is served as an important imaging method for preoperative diagnosis and assessment of gastric cancer,but it is mostly based on morphological evaluation and unable to perform quantitative analysis.The functional imaging technology represented by energy spectral CT and CT perfusion imaging has a variety of quantitative parameters,which is expected to make up for the shortcomings of conventional CT.The review introduces the basic principles of energy spectral CT and CT perfusion imaging,and summarizes their applications in the diagnosis,pathological classification,grading,staging and efficacy prediction of gastric cancer,aiming to improve the understanding of functional CT imaging for the pretreatment assessment in gastric cancer.

Objective:To investigate the optimal monochromatic level for evaluation of in-stent lumen after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) by dual-layer detector CT.Methods:Twenty-nine patients after TIPS were retrospectively enrolled who underwent abdomen enhanced examinations with portal venous phases by a dual-layer detector CT between December 2019 and July 2021. The mixed iterative image (conventional group) and monochromatic images (40 keV group, 50 keV group, 60 keV group and 70 keV group) were obtained by reconstruction. Circular regions of interest were placed in the in-stent of the cross-sectional reconstructed image and in the vertical spinal muscle on the same plane to obtain the corresponding average CT value and noise. The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) were calculated. Then 4-point scale was performed to evaluate image quality subjectively by 2 physicians blindly and separately. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis H rank-sum test was used for the overall analysis between groups, and LSD test or Dunn′s Bonforoni test was used for pairwise comparison within groups. Results:There was no significant difference in noise values among the 5 groups ( P>0.05). The difference of CNR and SNR between the 5 groups was statistically significant ( F=72.28, 56.45, P<0.001). The CNR and SNR in the 40 keV group were the highest, which were 50.4±15.7 and 59.3±18.4 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Subjective scores showed statistically significant differences among the 5 groups (χ2=101.61, P<0.001). The score of the 40 keV group was higher than that of the 60 keV group, 70 keV group, and conventional group ( P<0.001), and there was no significant difference when compared with the subjective score of the 50 keV group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The 40 keV monochromatic image of dual detector spectral CT is the best image to observe the lumen of the stent after TIPS.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of applying ultra-widefield fundus (UWF) images for macular staphyloma area (MSA) measurement and investigate the associated factors with MSA. Methods: This is a retrospective study. MSA was measured by UWF imaging. Central foveal thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, subfoveal scleral thickness were measured on spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Intraclass correlation coefficients of MSA measurement would be evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the associated factors with MSA. Results: In total, 135 eyes of 92 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 64.73 ± 10.84 years. Mean MSA on UWF image was 279.67 ± 71.70 mm2. Intraclass correlation coefficients of MSA measurement was 0.965 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.946 to 0.977; p < 0.001). In the multiple linear regression analysis, after adjusting for subfoveal choroidal thickness, best-corrected visual acuity, central foveal thickness, and subfoveal scleral thickness, the factors independently related to MSA were axial length (β = 8.352; 95% CI, 3.306 to 13.398; p = 0.001), sex (β = -26.673; 95% CI, -51.759 to -1.586; p = 0.037), age (β = 1.184; 95% CI, 0.020 to 2.348; p = 0.046). Conclusions It is feasible to measure MSA on UWF image. Female, longer axial length, and older age may indicate larger MSA.

Objective: To obtain the optimum of lentiviral library packaging based on CRISPR/cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequences/CRISPR-associated protein 9). Methods: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the lentivirus titers in condition of different ratio of packaging plasmids, different addition of lipofectamine 3000 reagent and different time points post-transfection. Then, high-throughput sequencing was performed to evaluate the representation and distribution of single guide (sg)RNAs in the library. Results: The lentivirus titer was the highest when the molar ratio of psPAX2∶pMD2.0G∶Lentivirus library was 2∶1∶1, and the optimum addition of Lipofectamine 3000 reagent was 10 μl, while the result of ELISA were correspondent to that of RT-PCR. The IFA result showed that the lentivirus titer was the highest at 60 h post-transfecion. The coverage of sgRNAs in the lentivirus library packaged with the optimum we obtained was 99.3%, and the read counts of sgRNAs was observed in a normal distribution. Conclusions The optimal lentivirus library packaging was obtained, and this can provide basis for CRISPR/cas9-based screening.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of combined acupuncture combined with omeprazole on patients with craniocerebral trauma complicated with stress gastric mucosal injury. Methods Patients with stress gastric mucosal injury after cerebral trauma admitted to neurology of Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University from June 2016 to July 2017 were enrolled, with the inclusion criteria within 24 hours after injury at admission, and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) less than 12. Patients were divided into omeprazole group, acupuncture group and acupuncture plus omeprazole combined treatment group according to random number table method. All patients in the three groups were given symptomatic treatment in time after admission. After diagnosis, omeprazole group was injected intravenously omeprazole, 40 mg each time, one dose in 12 hours for 7 days; acupuncture group was acupunctured at bilateral Zusanli point and Zhongwan point, 20 minutes for needle retention, once a day for 7 days;combined treatment group was given acupuncture and omeprazole at the same time. The GCS score and the occult stool test were performed at admission and treatment of 7 days; the pH of gastric juice, the levels of serum neurotensin (NT) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured at admission and treatment 1, 3, 5, 7 days. At the same time, 10 healthy persons were selected as the control. Results Finally, 90 patients were selected, 30 in each group. GCS score at 7 days after treatment in omeprazole group, acupuncture group and combined treatment group were significantly higher than those at admission, but there was no statistical difference among the groups (9.46±2.81, 10.26±2.24, 10.52±2.50, F = 2.010, P = 0.141). For treatment of 7 days, the incidence of occult stool in the combined treatment group was significantly lower than that in the omeprazole group and acupuncture group (13.3% vs. 36.7%, 40.0%, both P < 0.05). The pH value of gastric excretion was increased gradually after treatment in the three groups. The pH value of gastric excretion in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in the omeprazole group and acupuncture group at 5 days of treatment (4.58±0.53 vs. 4.20±0.52, 4.28±0.43, both P < 0.05). The levels of serum NT in the three groups were both bi-directional: the level of NT at admission was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group, then decreased significantly, and the treatment of 3 days was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group and then rise gradually. The level of NT at treatment 5 days in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of the omeprazole group and the acupuncture group (ng/L: 45.88±8.03 vs. 36.15±11.54, 37.32±7.79, both P < 0.05), and had returned to normal level on the 7th day after treatment (ng/L: 56.88 ±12.54). The level of serum ET-1 in the three groups showed a bimodal change: the level of ET-1 at admission was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group. The treatment of 1 day to the normal range was gradually increased, and the peak of 5 days appeared again and then decreased slowly. The level of ET-1 at treatment of 7 days in the combined treatment group was significantly lower than that of the omeprazole group and acupuncture group (ng/L: 53.25±7.60 vs. 63.74±9.05, 65.50±12.73, both P <0.05), and had been restored to normal. Conclusion Combined acupuncture at points of Zusanli and Zhongwan for the treatment of stress gastric mucosal injury after traumatic brain injury, can reduce gastric acid secretion, promote the level of NT in serum, reduce the secretion of ET-1 level, help to repair the gastric mucosa, and the effect of combined with omeprazole is more significant.

We wished to undertake molecular genetic typing and evaluate recombinants of the hepatitis-B virus (HBV) in Tibet (China). Multistage random sampling was used to collect HBsAg-positive samples. Nested polymerase chain reactions were used to amplify the whole sequence of the HBV. DNAstar, MEGA6 and SimPlot were used to assemble sequences, create phylogenetic trees, and undertake recombination analyses. Twelve whole sequences of the HBV of a Tibetan population were collected using these methods. Results showed that all 12 strains were C/D recombinants. Nine of the recombinations were at nt750, and the other three at nt1526. Therefore, the 12 strains could be divided into two types of recombinants: C/Da and C/Db. Analyses of the sequence of the whole genome revealed that the 12 strains belonged to genotype C, and that the nucleotide distance was > 4% between the 12 strains and sub-genotypes C1 to C15 in Genbank. The most likely sub-genotype was C1. Individuals with C/Da were from central and northern Tibet (e.g., Lasa, Linzhi, Ali) and those with C/Db recombinants were from Shannan in southern Tibet. These data suggest that the two types of recombinants had a good distribution in Tibet. Also, they can provide important information for studies on HBV recombination, gene features, virus evolution, as well as the control and prevention of HBV infection in Tibet.
Adult ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Tibet ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the curative effect of oral cancer radical surgery plus free anterolateral thigh flap repair and analyze the influence factors of skin flap necrosis.Methods The data of 98 patients who underwent oral cancer radical surgery with concurrent free anterolateral thigh flap repair in our hospital from January 2010 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The complete survival rate of skin flaps and incidence of complications in all patients were statistically analyzed.The age,diabetes,infection in implanted skin flap area,smoking and mental status,etc.of patients with survived or necrotic skin flaps were compared between patients with survival flaps and patients with flap necrosis,and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed.Results Among the 98 cases,86 cases of flaps survived completely and the survival rate was 87.8%.Fifteen cases with the skin flap necrosis,the incidence of complications was 15.3%,including 7 cases of surgi-cal site infection and 5 cases of skin flap necrosis with massive hemorrhage.The donor site incisions of all patients were primary healing and the patients were satisfied with the postoperative appearance.Among the patients with flap necrosis,the incidence rates of ≥60 years old,with diabetes,infection in flap implanted area,smoking and poor mental state (41.7%,41.7%,58.3%,75.0%,83.3%)were higher than those corresponding proportions in the patients with with survival flaps(P <0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,diabe-tes,infection in implanted skin flap area,smoking and poor mental status were the influencing factors for flap necrosis.Conclusion Oral cancer radical surgery with concurrent free anterolateral thigh flap repair has good curative effects.The age,combined with diabetes,smoking,infec-tion in flap implanted area and poor mental state are the risk factors for flap necrosis in patients with oral cancer after flap repair,which should be given intervention to improve the survival rate of skin flap in clinic.

Objective To determine the effect of moderate hypothermia on coagulation in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and investigate the clinical significance of thrombelastogram (TEG) monitoring.Methods Seventy-five patients with sTBI were randomly assigned to hypothermia group (conventional treatment + moderate hypothermia within 24 hours posttrauma,n =38) and control group (conventional treatment alone,n =38).TEG aided in monitoring coagulation function by measuring clot reaction time (R),clot formation time (K),clotting rate (α),maximal amplitude (MA),and percent fibrinolysis at 30 minutes after MA (LY30).Meantime,the intracranial pressure,vital signs,blood gas values,and blood electrolytes were also measured.Outcome was evaluated by using Glasgow outcome scale (GOS).Results The two groups were similar on admission with respect to R,K,α,MA,and LY30 (P ＞ 0.05),but the coagulation index in hypothermia group was significantly different from that in control group at days 1,2,3 and 7 posttreatment (P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,moderate hypothermia therapy demonstrated decrease of intraeranial pressure (P ＜ 0.01),with no severe complications,low mortality and improved outcome in comparison with control group.Conclusion Moderate hypothermia improves the hypercoagulability in patients with sTBI without increasing the risk of hyperfibrinolysis and protects brain tissue by decreasing intracranial pressure.

Objective To assess the influence of concentrations of sucrose on Streptococcus tautens (S. mutans) gbpC expression. Methods Total RNA was extracted from S. mutans after cultured in 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% sucrose and then reversely transcripted to cDNA. By TaqMan RT-RCR technique, we checked gbpC expression. Results Compared with 0.5% sucrose, 1.0% sucrose significantly upregulated gbpC expression(P<0.05); gbpC expression of more-adherent S. mutans strains was higher than that of less-adherent strains, Conclusion The upregulation of gbpC expression by sucrose may be one of the mechanisms underlying the increased adherence; There might be some correlation between gbpC expression andS. mutans adherence.