ObjectiveTo examine the influencing mechanisms and regional differences in accessible facility utilization behavior among residents in eastern and central-western China. MethodsData were collected through the online questionnaire administered to residents across China using snowball sampling. Descriptive analysis and chi-square tests were conducted to compare the basic characteristics of respondents between the two regions. Welch's t test was used to compare accessible facility utilization behavior and its influencing factors. Multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to compare the influencing mechanisms of accessible facility utilization behavior between eastern and central-western China. ResultsA total of 1 039 valid responses were obtained, including 604 from the eastern region and 435 from the central-western region. Residents in eastern regions scored significantly higher than those in central-western regions on both facility-seeking (t = 4.057, P < 0.001) and actual-using (t = 4.551, P < 0.001) behavior. The structural equation models for both regions showed identical and satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices (GFI = 0.950, AGFI = 0.932, IFI = 0.947, CFI = 0.947, RMSEA = 0.028), and all measurement and structural invariance tests met the recommended criteria. Facility configuration showed no significant direct effect on utilization behavior in eastern China, whereas a negative direct effect was observed in central-western China (β = -0.171, P = 0.047), with its influence mainly exerted indirectly through social cognition and user experience. Social cognition and user experience had significant positive effects on utilization behavior (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, social cognition indirectly influences utilization behavior through the mediating path of usage experience. The direct effects of social cognition (β = 0.406) and user experience (β = 0.510) in central-western China were greater than those in eastern China (β = 0.369 and β = 0.335, respectively). The chain mediation effect of "configuration-cognition-experience-behavior" was statistically significant in both regions (P < 0.05), with larger indirect effects observed in central-western China. ConclusionFacility configuration has a limited direct effect on accessible facility utilization, whereas social cognition and user experience play a central role, particularly in central-western China. It is recommended that the construction and renovation of accessible facility be guided by population needs, accompanied by strengthened promotion of accessibility concepts and policies, and that a transition from hardware-oriented construction to service- and management-oriented governance of accessible environments should be promoted in central-western China.

In recent years,there has been a significant rise in the incidence of peripheral nerve injury(PNI),highlighting the urgent need for effective treatment strategies.The inflammation and pain hypersensitivity associated with PNI greatly diminish patients'quality of life.Although there are promising treatment approaches for nerve injury,the com-plex pathological mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain caused by PNI present significant challenges for clinical manage-ment.Extensive research has established that the development of neuropathic pain is closely linked to nerve conduction and related signaling molecules.Among these,P2X4 receptor(P2X4R),an ATP-dependent ion channel,is involved in nerve signal transmission and associated pathways-plays a crucial role in the progression of neuropathic pain.This article offers a comprehensive overview of the function and distribution of P2X4R,investigates its pathological mechanisms in PNI-induced neuropathic pain,and elucidates its relationship with peripheral neuropathic pain disorders.Through this explo-ration,we aim to provide valuable insights that could inform the development of novel clinical strategies for pain management.

In recent years,there has been a significant rise in the incidence of peripheral nerve injury(PNI),highlighting the urgent need for effective treatment strategies.The inflammation and pain hypersensitivity associated with PNI greatly diminish patients'quality of life.Although there are promising treatment approaches for nerve injury,the com-plex pathological mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain caused by PNI present significant challenges for clinical manage-ment.Extensive research has established that the development of neuropathic pain is closely linked to nerve conduction and related signaling molecules.Among these,P2X4 receptor(P2X4R),an ATP-dependent ion channel,is involved in nerve signal transmission and associated pathways-plays a crucial role in the progression of neuropathic pain.This article offers a comprehensive overview of the function and distribution of P2X4R,investigates its pathological mechanisms in PNI-induced neuropathic pain,and elucidates its relationship with peripheral neuropathic pain disorders.Through this explo-ration,we aim to provide valuable insights that could inform the development of novel clinical strategies for pain management.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of applet-assisted teaching in the pedagogy of stomatology and gain suggestions for the improvement of the applet.Methods:Using digital technology, we built a professional atlas applet for Oral Histopathology that covered a wide range of contents including illustrations, histological slides, schematic diagrams, and hand-drawn pictures of knowledge points. Based on the WeChat platform, the applet had the functions of bilingual (Chinese/English) annotation and real-time interactive communication between teachers and students. Thirty dental students were given quizzes before and after using the atlas applet. The scores were analyzed using the t-test with SPSS 22.0 software. At the same time, 45 students filled a questionnaire after using the applet for one month, which involved comments on the use of the digital atlas, the degree of satisfaction and suggestions for the applet during learning, and suggestions for its co-use by teachers and students in the future. Results:After using the atlas applet to assist with learning, the test scores of the students were improved significantly in all domains. There were significant differences between the test and control groups in the score of completion questions [(17.00±2.61) vs. (15.03±1.85), P<0.05], the score of identification of images [(27.93±5.08) vs. (25.13±3.31), P<0.05], and the total score [(78.77±8.59) vs. (72.90±6.08), P<0.05]. The questionnaire feedback showed that the students were highly satisfied with the atlas applet-assisted learning, the function of teacher-student interaction, and the overall performance of the applet. Conclusion:An atlas is one of the crucial teaching tools of Oral Histopathology for its intuitionistic and realistic presentation of tissue structures, which plays an important role in the theoretical learning process for dental students. The combination of the atlas and electronic media based on portable mobile devices is beneficial for students' understanding of knowledge.

Objective To observethe clinical efficacy of comprehensive acupuncture treatment in treating primary open-angle glaucoma, and to objectively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy.Method Twenty-eight patients (53 eyes) who received acupuncture treatment were recruited. By adopting a self-control design, the changes of intraocular tension, mean defect (MD) of vision field, mean sensitivity (MS), vision, and score of Quality of Life Scale for Patients with Visual Impairment (QLSPVI) were observed after 3-month acupuncture treatment.ResultThe intraocular tension of the 28 patients declined obviously after the treatment (P<0.01); MD, MS and vision didn't show significant improvements after the treatment (P>0.05); the QLSPVI score dropped significantly after the treatment (P<0.01);the total effective rate was 86.8%; the therapeutic efficacy wasn't correlated with age, disease duration, and treatment duration (P>0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture treatment can effectively reduce the intraocular tension, control the deterioration of MD and MS, maintain the level of vision, and enhance the quality of life of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma; with the same disease duration, the longer the treatment, the better the therapeutic efficacy.