Objective To develop a rehabilitation exercise program for the patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Methods An online search was performed across both Chinese and English databases and websites to retrieve literature on rehabilitation exercises and related therapeutic measures for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Two researchers independently screened the retrieved literature,evaluated the quality,and extracted relevant evidence.Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 15 patients at various rehabilitation phases about the requirements of rehabilitation.A preliminary exercise program was developed and verified for the validity and feasibility using Delphi method.Results A rehabilitation exercise program was formulated.The program included five periods of preoperative period,bedridden period after surgery,ambulation period(1 week after surgery),weeks 2-8 after surgery and weeks 9-12 after surgery covering six domains of exercise type,exercise items,exercise duration,exercise frequency,exercise intensity and exercise safety.The response rate and effective rate over the two rounds of expert consultation were both 100.00%,with an authority coefficient of 0.94.The Kendall's W coefficients for secondary indicators in the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.184 and 0.334,respectively(both P<0.001).Conclusion The exercise program developed in this study for the patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures is scientifically reliable and reasonable.The two features of continuity and staged characteristics in rehabilitation process are fully considered,thereby it offers a guidance for clinical healthcare professionals as well as the patients in development of practical and effective rehabilitation exercise plans.

Objective To investigate the relationships of serum procalcitonin(PCT),α1-acid glycoprotein(α1-AGP)and cluster of differentiation 64(CD64)index with the severity of illness and prognosis in patients with pulmonary Candida infection after lung cancer surgery.Methods A pro-spective study was conducted in 120 patients with pulmonary Candida infection after lung cancer sur-gery as infection group,and 60 patients without infection after lung cancer surgery in the same period were selected as control group.Baseline characteristics and laboratory indicators were compared be-tween the two groups.Differences in serum PCT,α1-AGP,CD64 index in peripheral blood,and plasma 1,3-β-D glucan test(BG)were compared among patients with different severities of illness and prognoses in the infection group.The relationship between serum indicators and prognosis as well as their predictive efficiencies were analyzed,and external validation was performed.Results The levels of serum PCT,α1-AGP,CD64 index in peripheral blood,and plasma BG in the infection group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).In the infection group,the levels of serum PCT,α1-AGP,and CD64 gradually decreased significantly in patients with severe,moderate,and mild illness,and the levels of these indicators in dead patients were significantly higher than those in surviving patients(P＜0.05).Survival curve analysis showed that patients with low levels of serum PCT,α1-AGP,and CD64 index before treatment had higher survival rates than those with high levels of these indicators.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis revealed that the combined prediction of PCT,α1-AGP,and CD64 index for mortality was superior to individual indicators or their pairwise combinations,and external validation confirmed the good predictive efficacy of the combined prediction.Conclusion PCT,α1-AGP,and CD64 index are closely related to pulmonary Candida infection after lung cancer surgery,and the combined detection of these indicators has certain predictive value for 28-day prognosis.

Objective: To compare the transcriptomic profiles between three distinct metabolic dysfunction⁃associat⁃mal murine model that more closely resembles human MASH progression . Methods: Forty 8 ⁃week⁃old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to either a control group fed normal chow diet ( NCD) or one of three MASH model groups receiving high⁃fat high⁃cholesterol diet (HFHCD) , choline⁃deficient high⁃fat diet (CDHFD) ,from three randomly selected mice per group were collected for mRNA sequencing ( mRNA⁃seq) analysis . Mean⁃bases . Overlap of functional profiles was analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) profiles to compare the mouse transcriptome with that of human patients at different stages of the disease . Additionally , Pearson ′s correla⁃tion analysis was used to explore the correlation between gene expression of murine models and human MASH . Results: Seven commonly up⁃regulated genes (Col1a1 , Smoc2 , Col6a1 , Gpx3 , Col16a1 , Spp1 and Crtap) were de⁃ways involving steatosis , hepatocellular injury and fibrosis were detected in the three MASH models at the pathway level . HFHCD and MCD might share more common traits . In comparing gene expression and pathway profiles be⁃tween different murine models and patients with different stages of MASH , all three murine MASH models showed a closer resemblance to the human progressive stages of MASH . Notably , the transcriptomic features of the CDHFD model were more consistent with those of human MASH . Conclusion There are certain similarities and differences among the transcriptional profiles of the three MASH models . The MASH models are more similar to the advanced stage of MASH in human patients . Compared to the other two models , the CDHFD model ′ s transcriptome profile more closely resembles human MASH .

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective To develop a rehabilitation exercise program for the patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Methods An online search was performed across both Chinese and English databases and websites to retrieve literature on rehabilitation exercises and related therapeutic measures for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Two researchers independently screened the retrieved literature,evaluated the quality,and extracted relevant evidence.Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 15 patients at various rehabilitation phases about the requirements of rehabilitation.A preliminary exercise program was developed and verified for the validity and feasibility using Delphi method.Results A rehabilitation exercise program was formulated.The program included five periods of preoperative period,bedridden period after surgery,ambulation period(1 week after surgery),weeks 2-8 after surgery and weeks 9-12 after surgery covering six domains of exercise type,exercise items,exercise duration,exercise frequency,exercise intensity and exercise safety.The response rate and effective rate over the two rounds of expert consultation were both 100.00%,with an authority coefficient of 0.94.The Kendall's W coefficients for secondary indicators in the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.184 and 0.334,respectively(both P<0.001).Conclusion The exercise program developed in this study for the patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures is scientifically reliable and reasonable.The two features of continuity and staged characteristics in rehabilitation process are fully considered,thereby it offers a guidance for clinical healthcare professionals as well as the patients in development of practical and effective rehabilitation exercise plans.

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective:To construct a predictive model based on preoperative heat shock protein 90 alpha (HSP90 alpha) and lymphocyte count/monocyte ratio (LMR), for prediction of the textbook outcome (TO) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after surgery, and evaluate the predictive value of the model.Methods:Retrospective analysis of data from 210 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma admitted to Chengde Central Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023, including 122 males and 88 females, aged (61.3±5.5) years. The patients were randomly divided into a training set (147 cases) and a validation set (63 cases) according to a ratio of 7: 3. According to whether the patients achieved TO after surgery, the patients in the training set were divided into a TO group ( n=39) and a non-TO group ( n=108). The conditions of tumor length < 5 cm, lymph node metastasis, large vessel invasion, preoperative HSP90α decrease, and preoperative LMR increase were compared between the two groups. Based on the training set, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative TO in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Based on multi-factor results, R 4.3.0 software was used to construct a prediction model for TO. The model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DSA). Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the tumor diameter < 5 cm ( OR=1.917, 95% CI: 1.104-4.024), no lymph node metastasis ( OR=2.489, 95% CI: 1.030-3.619), and no invasion of large vessels ( OR=2.565, 95% CI: 2.097-5.093), the decrease of HSP90α before surgery ( OR=3.161, 95% CI: 2.536-5.358), and the increase of LMR before surgery ( OR=2.088, 95% CI: 1.454-4.262) were the influencing factors for patients TO achieve postoperative TO (all P<0.05). A correlation nomogram model was built based on the above indicators. The area under the curve of the model predicting the postoperative TO of the patients in the training set and the test set were 0.875 (95% CI: 0.782-0.938) and 0.860 (95% CI: 0.767-0.912), respectively, indicating good predictive value of the model. The calibration curve was basically consistent with the standard curve, indicating that the model has good consistency and accuracy. DCA results showed that the models had good clinical net benefit in the threshold probability range of 0.1~0.8. Conclusion:The nomogram model based on perioperative HSP90α and LMR has good accuracy and clinical applicability in predicting the possibility of achieving TO after surgery for cholangiocarcinoma, which can provide a reference for clinical treatment.

Objective To develop exercise programs for patients with total hip replacement at different stages in order to promote postoperative rehabilitation and functional recovery.Methods According to the"6S"evidence pyramid model,using computer,a systematic search was conducted using computer-based top-down methods across BMJ Best Practice,Up To Date,the Joanna Briggs Institute evidence-based practice database(JBI),the Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare,the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE)website,the Guidelines International Network(GIN),the National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network(SIGN),Medlive,Cochrane Library,Embase,PubMed,CINAHL,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Biomedical Literature Service System,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,and VIP Database,to select literature related to exercise for patients undergoing total hip replacement.Three researchers independently assessed these documents and extracted evidence to preliminarily form exercise programs.The Delphi method was used to further validate the scientific and practical aspects of the exercise programs by two rounds of consultation.Results Specific exercise programs for patients undergoing total hip replacement were developed for the preoperative stage,postoperative 1(within 1 week after operation),postoperative stage 2(2-6 weeks after operation),and postoperative stage 3(7-12 weeks after operation),with toatal 41 items.Conclusion The exercise programs developed in this study are scientifically sound and reasonable.They can provide reference for medical staff and patients in related fields.

Objective:To analyze clinical and histopathological features of malignant transformation of congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) .Methods:From January 2010 to September 2020, 98 patients with clinically and pathologically confirmed malignant transformation of CMN were enrolled from Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, and their clinical and histopathological features as well as immunohistochemical staining and genetic testing results were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 98 patients with malignant transformation of CMN, 45 (45.9%) were males and 53 (54.1%) were females. Their ages ranged from 4 months to 86 years, with a median age of 47 years. The lesions were located on the trunk (34 cases, 34.7%), limbs (25 cases, 25.5%), acra (24 cases, 24.5%), head, face and neck (13 cases, 13.3%), and mucosa (2 cases, 2.0%). Among the 98 patients, 95 (96.9%) had a history of obvious changes in lesions (sudden enlargement, newly developed papules, ulceration, itching, or pain), and the interval time from obvious changes in lesions to diagnosis varied from 2 weeks to 5 years; among the 95 cases, the average age at the onset of obvious changes in lesions was 46 years, and the changes of lesions occurred before the age of 18 years in 4 cases (4.1%), occurred between the age of 18 and 40 years in 35 (35.7%), and occurred after the age of 40 years in 56 (57.1%). In addition, 55 (57.9%) patients experienced a sudden enlargement of primary lesions, 52 (54.7%) developed ulcers in the primary lesions, 21 (22.1%) developed red or black papules or nodules on the surface of primary lesions, 4 (4.2%) developed subcutaneous masses, 2 (2.1%) had itching, and 1 (1.1%) only had pain. The remaining 3 (3.1%) patients experienced slow enlargement of primary lesions. Among the 98 cases of melanoma originating from CMN, 85 (86.7%) arose from small CMN, 11 (11.2%) from medium CMN, and 2 (2.0%) from large CMN. Histopathological examination showed no residual nevus cells in 86 (87.8%) cases, which only had characteristics of typical melanoma; residual nevus cells were only seen in 12 (12.2%) cases, and melanoma cells in the 12 cases all expressed HMB45, while residual nevus cells did not express HMB45 in 11 of 12 cases. Immunohistochemical staining for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was conducted in 7 cases, and 6 showed negative staining in tumor cells and positive staining in residual nevus cells. BRAF gene detection was conducted in lesional tissue specimens from 22 patients, and it was negative in 1 case of melanoma originating from large CMN and 10 (47.6%) cases of melanoma from small CMN, and positive in 11 (52.4%) cases of melanoma from small CMN.Conclusion:The malignant transformation of CMN mostly occurred on the trunk, and was commonly observed in patients aged over 40 years; most patients had a history of obvious changes (sudden enlargement, newly developed papules, ulceration, etc.) in lesions before diagnosis, and a few patients only felt itching or pain in lesions; immunohistochemical staining of HMB45 and 5hmC could help to distinguish melanoma cells from dermal nevus cells; confirmation of the diagnosis of malignant transformation in CMN should be closely combined with clinical and histopathological results.

Hip fracture is considered as the most severe osteoporotic fracture characterized by high disability and mortality in the elderly. Improved surgical techniques and multidisciplinary team play an active role in alleviating prognosis, which places higher demands on perioperative nursing. Dysfunction, complications, and secondary impact of anaesthesia and surgery add more difficulties to clinical nursing. Besides, there still lack clinical practices in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture in China. In this context, led by the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association, the Expert consensus on clinical practice in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2023) is developed based on the evidence-based medicine. This consensus provides 11 recommendations on elderly patients with hip fracture from aspects of perioperative health education, condition monitoring and inspection, complication risk assessment and prevention, and rehabilitation, in order to provide guiding advices for clinical practice, improve the quality of nursing and ameliorate the prognosis of elderly patients with hip fracture.