As a glucocorticoid drug with wide clinical application， triamcinolone acetonide can be administered by multiple routes， such as eye， nose， joint cavity， and skin， for the treatment of various local diseases such as arthritis， macular edema， rhinitis， and urticaria. As a drug with extremely low solubility in water， the dose form of triamcinolone acetonide is closely correlated with administration route and site. The dosage form of triamcinolone acetonide administered via injection（including joint cavity injection， vitreous injection， suprachoroidal injection， intramuscular injection） is mainly suspension， and the representative drugs include Kenalog-40®， Zilretta®， Triesence®， Xipere®， etc.； the dosage forms of nasal mucosal administration are mostly sprays， and the representative drug is Nasacort®； the dosage forms of oral mucosal administration are mostly patches， ointments and creams， and the representative drug is Oracort®； the dosage forms for transdermal administration are mostly ointments， creams and lotions， and the representative drugs include Trianex®， Teva-Triacomb®， etc. At present， the research on dosage forms of triamcinolone acetonide by various administration routes mainly focuses on the construction of delivery carriers， the addition of cosolvents or the use of new delivery tools.

Objective:To explore the effects of short-term particulate matter(PM)exposure and the melatonin receptor 1B(MTNR1B)gene on triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index utilizing data from Fang-shan Family-based Ischemic Stroke Study in China(FISSIC).Methods:Probands and their relatives from 9 rural areas in Fangshan District,Beijing,were included in the study.PM data were obtained from fixed monitoring stations of the National Air Pollution Monitoring System.TyG index was calculated by fasting triglyceride and glucose concentrations.The associations of short-term PM exposure and rs10830963 polymorphism of the MTNR1B gene with the TyG index were assessed using mixed linear models,in which covariates such as age,sex,and lifestyles were adjusted for.Gene-environment inter-action analysis was furtherly performed using the maximum likelihood methods to explore the potential effect modifier role of rs10830963 polymorphism in the association of PM with TyG index.Results:A total of 4 395 participants from 2 084 families were included in the study,and the mean age of the study participants was(58.98±8.68)years,with 53.90％females.The results of association analyses showed that for every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration,TyG index increased by 0.017(95％CI:0.007-0.027),while for per 10 μg/m3 increment in PM1o,TyG index increased by 0.010(95％CI:0.003-0.017).And the associations all had lagged effects.In addition,there was a positive association between the rs10830963 polymorphism and the TyG index.For per increase in risk allele G,TyG index was elevated by 0.040(95％CI:0.004-0.076).The TyG index was 0.079(95％CI:0.005-0.152)higher in carriers of the GG genotype compared with carriers of the CC genotype.The inter-action of rs10830963 polymorphism with PM exposure had not been found to be statistically significant in the present study.Conclusion:Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with higher TyG index.The G allele of rs10830963 polymorphism in the MTNR1B gene was associated with the elevated TyG index.

Objective To compare the changes of brain voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity(VMHC)of patients before and after Tai Chi Chuan training based on functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)technology;To discuss the central effect mechanism of Tai Chi Chuan in treating chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS).Methods A total of 25 CFS patients(experiment group)and 27 healthy individuals(control group)were recruited to undergo a 1-month Tai Chi Chuan intervention.All receive one month of Tai Chi Chuan training.Differences in SF-36 scores and VMHC between CFS patients and HCs were compared.Results Before training,the SF-36 scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.001),and the VMHC in the bilateral inferior occipital gyrus,paracentral lobule,lingual gyrus,insula and superior temporal gyrus brain areas were weakened.After training,the scores of SF-36 in the experimental group significantly increased(P<0.001),and the VMHC in bilateral inferior occipital gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,anterior cuneiform lobe and paracentral lobule were significantly enhanced.The difference in whole brain VMHC was positively correlated with the difference in energy scores in SF-36(r=0.456,P=0.025);some scores of SF-36 in the control group significantly increased(P<0.05),and no significant changes in VMHC were observed in brain regions.Conclusion Tai Chi Chuan can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with CFS.This change may be related to the enhancement of functional connections in brain regions such as inferior occipital gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,precuneus,paracentral lobule,et al.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an ocular mitochondrial disease that involves the impairment of mitochondrial complex I, which is an important contributor to blindness among young adults across the globe. However, the disorder has no available cures, since the approved drug idebenone for LHON in Europe relies on bypassing complex I defects rather than fixing them. Herein, PARKIN mRNA-loaded nanoparticle (mNP)-engineered mitochondria (mNP-Mito) were designed to replace dysfunctional mitochondria with the delivery of exogenous mitochondria, normalizing the function of complex I for treating LHON. The mNP-Mito facilitated the supplementation of healthy mitochondria containing functional complex I via mitochondrial transfer, along with the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria with impaired complex I via an enhanced PARKIN-mediated mitophagy process. In a mouse model induced with a complex I inhibitor (rotenone, Rot), mNP-Mito enhanced the presence of healthy mitochondria and exhibited a sharp increase in complex I activity (76.5%) compared to the group exposed to Rot damage (29.5%), which greatly promoted the restoration of ATP generation and mitigation of ocular mitochondrial disease-related phenotypes. This study highlights the significance of nanoengineered mitochondria as a promising and feasible tool for the replacement of dysfunctional mitochondria and the repair of mitochondrial function in mitochondrial disease therapies.

Objective:To compare results of four glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) detection methods and to evaluate the uncertainty of HbA1C results in clinical laboratory, and to provide method for clinical laboratory on the evaluation of uncertainty.Methods:According to the four uncertainty evaluation methods, which were recommended by "CNAS-TRL-001, the evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty in medical laboratory", the relative and absolute uncertainty of low, medium and high HbA1c in 33 clinical laboratories measured in 2019 and 35 clinical laboratories measured in 2020 was evaluated by more than 6 months of internal quality control (IQC) data, trueness verification and external quality assessment (EQA) data. The four uncertainty evaluation methods were: IQC data and trueness verification data (method 1), only trueness verification data (method 2), IQC and EQA data (method 3) and only EQA data (method 4). The related statistical methods used in this analysis were Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results:For method 1, the median range of relative and absolute uncertainty of low, medium and high HbA1c detection in 2019 and 2020 ranged from 4.21% to 9.24% and from 0.27% to 0.64%, respectively. Compared to method 1, the relative and absolute uncertainties obtained by method 2 were smaller, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.016 7, P<0.05). Compared to method 1, the relative uncertainties obtained by method 3 and method 4 were smaller, except for the high concentration of HbA1c level in 2020. Among the 6 pairs of comparisons (low, medium and high HbA1c in 2019 and 2020), there were 3 pairs (high HbA1c in 2019, low and medium HbA1c in 2020) and 2 pairs (low and high HbA1c in 2020) of differences with statistical significance (all P<0.016 7). Conclusion:The uncertainty evaluation of HbA1c detection in clinical laboratory should be evaluated based on IQC and trueness verification data.

Currently the available therapies cannot satisfy all the clinical requirements, therefore advanced technologies are urgently demanded. Delivery system the polymeric prodrug based has both advantages of prodrug strategy and nanoparticle drug delivery strategy. The system can improve the drug bioavailability, enhance the drug stability, and make the drug targeting system more effective. The system can reduce the side effects and improve the therapeutic effect of drug. According to the mechanism of this drug system, passive targeting, active targeting, triggered release and co-administration were reviewed. Finally, the research prospects and issues in this field were pointed out.

Objective To understand the current status of the measurement quality of serum Cystatin C (CysC) in China.Methods The external quality assessment (EQA) data in 2017 were collected from the network platform of National Center for Clinical Laboratories.The EQA data were classified into 8 groups according to different types of diagnostic reagents,each of which was employed by at least 18 users.The robust mean value and robust coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated according to ISO 13528 document in each group.The robust mean value was set as the target value.The total error derived from biological variation was used as the fine (3.8％),moderate (7.6％) and weak (11.4％) criteria in evaluating the pass rates,respectively.The reagents which were employed by more than 50 users were classified into subgroups named as " reagent-analyzer" group according to the used analyzer.The median values and differentials between maximum and minimum value were calculated for each reagent-analyzer subgroup.Results A total number of 710 laboratories submitted their results of CysC measurement during 2017.The fine,moderate and weak pass rates according to the setting criteria were 25.9％ (184/710),55.5 ％ (394/710) and 75.2％ (534/710),respectively.The variations of CysC measurement results of among different reagent-analyzer groups ranged from 1.62％ to 12.27％.Conclusion The quality of CysC measurement of should be improved with nationwide attention.

Objective To evaluate the commutability of 22 processed materials for serum alanine aminotransferase measurements which were performed in 11 routine assays without and 2 assays with pyridoxal-5′-phosphate.Methods 100 serum specimens were collected in Beijing Hospital,Zhao Yang Hospital and Tong Ren Hospital from May,2017 to August,2017.50 individual specimens together with fresh frozen human serum pools(HSPs), external quality assessment(EQA)materials, commercial calibrators and controls were measured by 11 routine assays without pyridoxal-5′-phosphate.Measurement results of the 50 individual samples were pairwise analyzed by Deming regression for slopes and intercepts, and 95%prediction interval(PI)were calculated to evaluate the commutability of processed materials.Another 50 individual specimens and 22 above-mentioned materials were analyzed by 2 assays with pyridoxal-5′-phosphate as the evaluated methods and internationally recognized reference method as the comparative method.The ordinary linear regression(OLR)and 95% PI were used to identify the commutability of 22 materials.Results The Deming slopes ranged from 0.879 to 1.064 and intercepts from -1.96 to 3.30;the OLR slopes were 0.905 and 0.955 while intercepts were -6.71 and 9.53.The HSPs were commutable for 51/57 and 56/57 assay pairs.The EQA materials, commercial calibrators and controls showed noncommutability from 8/57 to 47/57,38/57 and pairs after that, and from 13/57 to 43/57 assay pairs, respectively.Conclusion The lyophilized materials including EQA materials, commercial calibrators and controls demonstrated poor commutability in different degrees.

Objective To evaluate the imaging findings of thoracic Castleman's disease (CD)to improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods The imaging findings of 14 cases of thoracic CD confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Plain and dynamic contrast-enhanced CT scans were performed in all patients before surgery.Results Among the 14 cases,10 cases were hyaline vascular type (HVT)and other 4 cases were plasma cell type (PCT).HVT-CD showed well-define,homogeneous soft-tissue lesion with different sizes of lymph nodes around the lesions in 2 cases,mottled calcification in 2 cases and coarse calcification in 1 case.Dynamic enhanced CT showed HVT-CD had obvious enhancement in arterial phase,and sustained enhancement in venous phase and delayed phase.PCT-CD all showed enlarged lymph nodes in the mediastinum and bilateral axillary,associated with interstitial pneumonia,pulmonary nodules,ground glass opacity and pleural effusion,with marked and sustained enhancement 1 case.Conclusion Thoracic HVT-CD presents equal density on CT plain scan,and obvious and durative enhanement on multiphase contrast-enhanced CT,which can be accompanied by lymphnodes around the lesions and intratumoral calcification.With the above imaging findings,we should consider the possibility of HVT-CD.CT features of PCT-CD are non-specific,a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical data should be combined,but the obviously enhanced PCT-CD can be diagnosed.

Aim To observe the effects of active com-ponent of Radix Isatidis ( ACRI ) on anti-anoxia and anti-fatigue in mice and investigate its possible mecha-nism. Methods Based on the weights, the mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, ACRI 25, 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 groups, positive drug ( American ginseng liquid) control group 3 mL·kg-1 . Drugs were administered to the mice for about 14 con-secutive days, and during the experiment general situa-tions of mice were observed. The experiment of bearing hypoxia at normal pressure and the experiment of swim-ming while weight-bearing were conducted to study the effect of ACRI on anti-anoxia and anti-fatigue in mice. Then the superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activities, the content of maleic dialdehyde ( MDA ) of mice serum and liver and blood urea nitrogen, blood lactic acid, liver glycogen were detected, in order to investigate its mechanism. Results ACRI decreased the growth rate of body weight in mice significantly, obviously pro-longed the survival time of anoxic mice at normal pres-sure and the swimming time of loaded mice, enhanced the SOD activities of mice blood and liver, decreased the MDA content of mice blood and liver, increased the content of liver glycogen, and decreased the blood urea nitrogen and blood lactic acid in mice after swim-ming. Conclusion ACRI has the anti-anoxia and anti-fatigue functions.