Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by abnormal proliferation of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, resulting in persistent thrombocytosis in the peripheral blood and clinical manifestations including thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. Approximately 90% of patients with ET harbor driver mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL, with JAK2V617F being the most frequently detected mutation. The JAK2V617F mutation induces constitutive activation of the JAK–STAT signaling pathway, leading to abnormal megakaryocytic proliferation and increased platelet production. Consequently, patients are predisposed to thrombotic complications; however, qualitative platelet dysfunction may also contribute to an increased risk of bleeding. Among large-vessel thrombotic complications, venous thromboembolism is relatively common, whereas pulmonary artery thromboembolism is an uncommon complication. Moreover, thrombotic risk is generally lower in patients with JAK2-negative ET. Case presentation: In this report, we present a rare case of essential thrombocythemia presenting with respiratory failure secondary to pulmonary artery thromboembolism. Conclusion This case demonstrates that essential thrombocythemia may initially manifest with life-threatening thrombotic complications, including pulmonary thromboembolism, even in the absence of the JAK2 V617F mutation. Accordingly, unexplained thrombocytosis warrants evaluation for an underlying myeloproliferative neoplasm, while early assessment of thrombotic risk is essential for guiding appropriate clinical management and reducing the risk of adverse outcomes.

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and approximately 5% of new cases are diagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Since 2019, a shorter treatment regimen comprising 6–7 oral medications has been introduced for MDR-TB management. Although some of the newer drugs used in short regimens are associated with significant side effects, their potential nephrotoxicity has not been fully studied. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a primary method for evaluating renal function. Objective: Evaluation changes in renal filtration function during the course of short and long treatment regimens for MDR-TB. Goals: To evaluate changes in GFR at different stages of treatment both regimens, and to compare the treatment outcomes between long and short regimens. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted among 103 patients diagnosed with MDR-TB and treated at the TB Dispensary of Bayangol District Health Center between 2017-2024. GFR was calculated using MDRD equation. Data statistically analyzed using SPSS 23.0. Results: Of the study participants, 71 (66.35%) received the long treatment regimen, while 32 (29.90%) received the short regimen. The mean age was 34.81 years for the long-regimen group and 39.59 years for the short-regimen group. In the long-regimen group, the mean eGFR (mL/ min/1.73m²) was 90.016 at the start, 75.82 at the mid-point, and 77.23 at the end of treatment. In the short-regimen group, the respective eGFR values were 68.47, 68.2, and 72.5. Additionally, 54.92% of participants in the long-regimen group received injectable treatment. Conclusion eGFR values were lower in the short treatment regimen group compared to the long regimen group. While the cure rate was higher in the short regimen group, the mortality rate was also significantly higher. Therefore, treatment success cannot be attributed solely to the type of regimen used.

Background: Plants have played a significant role in maintaining human health and improving the quality of human life for thousands of years and have served humans as valuable components of seasonings, beverages, cosmetics, dyes and medicines. There are a number of medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine in the Mongolia to form “tan” prescriptions which are mostly consist of the mixture of individual medicinal plants and used by nomads during the long history for their health care as medicines. Lancea tibetica (Scrophulariaceae) is a traditional herbal medicinal plant in Mongolia, China and Tibetan. In Mongolian traditional medicine, L.tibetica different exclusive forms of preparations are effective for treatment of some disorders such as pulmonary, cough and heart disease. Aim: This study aim was to define the biochemical some composition antibacterial activity and mineral elements content in air-dried samples Lancea tibetica of Mongolia. Material and Method: The antibacterial activity and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracts was collected of the seed, aboveground part and root for the Lancea tibetica. From three different organs of plant Lancea tibetica was collected of the Tsenkher district Arkhangai province (2017.07.28) and Tunel district Khuvsgul province (2018.08.27) were evaluated by means of the Disk diffusion method against five bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis). We have taken extracts of plant 3 organs from organic solvent (7) ethyl acetate, hexane, n-butanol, methanol, chloroform, ethanol and distilled water for antibacterial activity. MIC of the extracts were defined and compared with each other. The macro-and microelements were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometer analysis (XRFA). Result: We have taken a dried seed, aboveground part and root of Lancea tibetica in the investigation. In these three samples were determined biochemical composition of 11 components for quantitative analysis: moisture was 6.2±0.2%, ash 4.8%, protein content was 1.67±0.1%, raw oil 5.9±0.3%, reduction sugar 0.39±0.1%, vitamin Р 16.6±1.8 mg%, extractive substances 18.6±0.2%, tanning matter 0.05±0.02% and flavonoids 0.2±0.01% in seed. The same moisture was 6.7±0.4%, ash 9.7%, protein content 1.89±0.2%, raw oil 6.1±0.8%, reduction sugar 0.52±0.1%, vitamin С 3.52±2.2mg%, vitamin Р (rutin) 20.3±0.2mg%, carotene 12.8mg%, extractive substances 16.8±0.1%, tanning matter 0.08±0.01% and flavonoids 0.6±0.24% in aboveground part. Besides this, in root: the moisture was 6.1±0.3%, ash was 14.9%, protein content was 2.1±0.3%, raw oil was 2.9±0.2%, reduction sugar 0.62±0.02%, vitamin Р 17.8±0.05mg%, extractive substances 20.3±0.4%, tanning matter was 0.06±0.03%, flavonoid was 0.35±0.002%. Besides this, we revealed the saponin by method quality analysis in aerial part and root of Lancea tibetica. But not triterpenoid saponin in seed. The same not revealed alkaloid all the samples.
Eighteen extracts (5mg/disc) of three organs (seed, aerial parts and root) showed antibacterial activity diverse. The MIC in ethanol and butanol extracts of seed, aboveground part and root was more than others.
From thoroughly air-dried aboveground part samples of Lancea tibetica from Tsenkher district of Arkhangai province and Tunel district of Khuvsgul province. We determined the 43 mineral elements. 11 elements were defined by percentage, 10 elements were oxide forms (SiO₂, TiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, CaO, MgO, Na₂O, K₂O, MnO, P₂O₅) of them. Other elements were defined by mg/kg unit. The same heavy metallic, mobile elements (Cu, Cr, Zn, Mn, Pb, Ni, Co) and rare earth elements (Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Sm) were determined. Conclusion In the result of this research work to determine the content of biologically active substances in Lancea tibetica. Plants produce a great variety of organic compounds that are not directly involved in primary metabolic processes of ground and development. Study of the biochemistry of plant natural products has many practical applications. Various detectable contents of useful or macronutrient and micronutrient oxide was found in the ash of aerial parts. Some macronutrient and micronutrient elements were detected by oxide forms.