Objective: To analyze the status of Treponema pallidum (TP) infection among blood donors in Hefei area by evaluating anti-TP reactive donors, and to provide data support for blood screening strategies, evaluation of reagent application, and public health prevention and control strategies. Methods: TPPA confirmation test were performed on 338 anti-TP positive samples of voluntary blood donors at Anhui Blood Center from February to April 2022, July to October 2022, February to June 2023. RPR tests were conducted on samples positive for TPPA. The test results, co-reactivity of TP with HBV, HCV, and HIV, and demographic characteristics of the donors were statistically analyzed. Results: The unqualified rate of anti-TP among blood donors in Hefei area was 0.30% (405/133 587), and the positive rate for TPPA was 67.46% (228/338). Among the TPPA-positive donors, 31.67% were RPR-positive. The co-positive rates of HBV, HCV and HIV in anti-TP reactive blood donors were 0.74% (3/405), 0.49% (2/405), and 1.73% (7/405), respectively, with HIV copositivity being the most common. Most co-positive donors were males aged 31-50 years with a high school education or lower, and all were first-time whole blood donors. Conclusion: The anti-TP unqualified rate among blood donors in Hefei area is at a low-to-mederate level. HIV is the most common co-infection with TP among anti-TP positive donors. The majority of co-infected donors are middle-aged men donating whole blood for the first time.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Yangyin Yifei Decoction in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with of qi-yin deficiency and elevated serum keratin 19 fragment(Cyfra21-1).METHODS Sixty patients with T2DM of qi-yin deficiency type and elevated serum Cyfra21-1 who met the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,30 cases in each group.The control group was given oral hypoglycemic treatment with metformin hydrochlo-ride sustained-release tablets and dapagliflozin tablets,and the observation group was given Yangyin Yifei Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The treatment course of both groups was 12 weeks.Before and after treatment,the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2-hour postprandial glucose(2 h PG),glycosylated he-moglobin(HbAlc),serum Cyfra21-1 and Cyfra21-1 specific T cell response,triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),alanine ami-notransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),urea(UR),and creatinine(CREA)were observed in the two groups.RE-SULTS After treatment,FBG,2 h PG,HbAlc,and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups of patients decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the observation group was better than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01);TG and TC in the observation group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),serum Cyfra21-1 was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and Cyfra21-1-specific T cells in PBMCs were significantly increased(P<0.01),which was better than the control group(P<0.01);there was no significant change in liver and kidney function in the two groups.CONCLUSION Yangyin Yifei Decoction combined with basic hypoglycemic regimen can significantly improve blood glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM patients with qi-yin deficiency and elevated serum Cyfra21-1,enhance the function of Cyfra21-1-specific T cells,and improve the body's immunity,with high safety.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Yangyin Yifei Decoction in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with of qi-yin deficiency and elevated serum keratin 19 fragment(Cyfra21-1).METHODS Sixty patients with T2DM of qi-yin deficiency type and elevated serum Cyfra21-1 who met the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,30 cases in each group.The control group was given oral hypoglycemic treatment with metformin hydrochlo-ride sustained-release tablets and dapagliflozin tablets,and the observation group was given Yangyin Yifei Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The treatment course of both groups was 12 weeks.Before and after treatment,the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2-hour postprandial glucose(2 h PG),glycosylated he-moglobin(HbAlc),serum Cyfra21-1 and Cyfra21-1 specific T cell response,triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),alanine ami-notransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),urea(UR),and creatinine(CREA)were observed in the two groups.RE-SULTS After treatment,FBG,2 h PG,HbAlc,and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups of patients decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the observation group was better than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01);TG and TC in the observation group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),serum Cyfra21-1 was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and Cyfra21-1-specific T cells in PBMCs were significantly increased(P<0.01),which was better than the control group(P<0.01);there was no significant change in liver and kidney function in the two groups.CONCLUSION Yangyin Yifei Decoction combined with basic hypoglycemic regimen can significantly improve blood glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM patients with qi-yin deficiency and elevated serum Cyfra21-1,enhance the function of Cyfra21-1-specific T cells,and improve the body's immunity,with high safety.

Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and analyze the factor influencing the KAP.Methods:A self-developed questionnaire was used for an online research on the KAP of 11 849 pediatric healthcare providers from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China from March 11 to 14, 2022.The factors influencing the KAP of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers were examined by Logistic regression. Results:The scores of KAP, of pulse oximetry were 5.57±0.96, 11.24±1.25 and 11.19±4.54, respectively.The corresponding scoring rates were 69.61%, 74.95%, and 55.99%, respectively. Logistic regression results showed that the gender and working years of pediatric healthcare providers, the region they were located, and whether their medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters were the main factors affecting the knowledge score (all P<0.05). Main factors influencing the attitude score of pediatric healthcare providers included their knowledge score, gender, educational background, working years, region, medical institution level, and whether the medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). For the practice score, the main influencing factors were the knowledge score, gender, age, and whether the medi-cal institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Chinese pediatric healthcare providers need to further improve their knowledge about and attitudes towards pulse oximetry.Pulse oximeters are evidently under-used.It is urgent to formulate policies or guidelines, strengthen education and training, improve knowledge and attitudes, equip more institutions with pulse oximeters, and popularize their application in medical institutions.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for non/low-response to hepatitis B vaccine in infants of HBsAg-positive mothers.Methods A total of 286 HBsAg-positive pregnant women and their infants were recruited from the Third People's Hospital of Taiyuan during July 2011 to January 2013.The infants were immunized with hepatitis B vaccine according to the 0-1-6 month vaccination schedule and followed up for 12 months.The serum HBV DNA level of mothers,neonates and infants were detected by electro chemilum inescence immunoassay kits and fluorescene quantiative polymerase chain rection.Results Among 286 infants,the rate of non/low-response to hepatitis B vaccine was 18.53％ (53/286).Non-conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the mother's HBV DNA level ≥ 1 × 107 copies/ml (0R=2.592,95％CI:1.121-5.996) and natural birth (OR=1.932,95％CI:1.021-3.654) were the risk factors for non/low-response to hepatitis B vaccine,the risks were 2.592 times and 1.932 times higher compared with the infants whose mothers were HBV DNA negative and the infants whose mothers had cesarean delivery.There was no multiplicative or additive interaction between high HBV DNA load and natural birth (OR=1.055,95％CI:0.209-5.321),(RERI=1.617,95％CI:-4.038-7.272;AP=0.364,95％CI:-).527-1.225;SI=1.195,95％CI:0.270-13.135).After stratified analysis of mother's HBV DNA level,delivery mode of mothers was not associated with non/low-response of their infants.Conclusion The mother's load of HBV DNA ≥ 1 × 107 copies/ml might be the factor for non/low-response to hepatitis B vaccine in infants of HBsAg positive mothers.

Objective To explore the effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-12(IL-12) on immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in infants of HBsAg-positive mothers.Methods A total of 91 neonates whose mothers were HBsAg-positive were included and followed up for 12 months.HBV DNA and HBV serological markers in the peripheral blood of the neonates and infants were detected with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA),and the levels of IL-6 and IL-12 in the peripheral blood of the neonates and infants were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The non-/hypo-response rate to hepatitis B vaccination was 35.16％ (32/91) in the 91 infants.In the neonatal period and infantile period,the level of IL-6 in non-/hypo-response group was lower than that in high-response group,while the level of IL-12 was higher than that in high-response group,and there was significant difference (P＜0.01).From the neonatal period to the infantile period,the level of IL-6 increased,while the level of IL-12 descended in both groups,and there was significant difference (P＜0.01).Furthermore,the level of anti-HBs of infants was positively correlated with the level of IL-6 (rs =0.70,0.79,P＜ 0.01),and was negatively correlated with the level of IL-12 (rs=-0.71,-0.72,P＜0.01) in the neonatal period and the infantile period.From the neonatal period to the infantile period,the increased level of IL-6 was positively associated with the level of anti-HBs (rs =-0.74,P＜0.01),while the decreased level of IL-12 was negatively associated with the level of anti-HBs (rs=-0.42,P＜0.01).The level of IL-6 was negatively correlated with the level of IL-12 in the neonatal period and the infantile period (rs=-0.68,-0.70,P＜0.01).Conclusions IL-6 might promote the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in infants whose mothers were HBsAg-positive,while IL-12 might inhibit the immune response.IL-6 and IL-12 would affect the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in infants of HBsAg-positive mothers at the same time.

Objective To investigate and improve the occupational environment of nursing staff in tertiary hospitals.Methods By using questionnaire on nurse′s occupational environment carried out by nursing center of National Institute of Health Planning Hospital Management, 672 nurses from a tertiary hospital in Guangxi were investigated without signature online on the national nursing quality data platform.Results The total score of occupational environment of 672 nurses was (69.85±20.73). Among all the items, the score of training plan for new nurses got a relatively high score (87.02±18.79); the score of clear occupational exposure process within hospital and its implementation was (84.57±19.91); and the items got low score included the chance of nurses to participate in hospital management decision (50.84±31.93) and an appropriate system of salary allotment (53.53±31.84). The scores of nurses with different educational background,working seniorities, professional titles and weather be enlisted were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions It is significant for the safety of patients and development of nursing department to establish a system which includes providing the chance for nurses to participate in hospital management, improving salary of nurses, emphasizing the development of nursing specialty and building a harmoniously occupational environment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between ambient fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and the risk on preterm birth.

METHODSA total of 1 882 pregnant women with local residency of Taiyuan city and underwent delivery at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University with the dates of conception between January 1 and December 31, 2013, were enrolled in the study. Information on general demographics, home address and history on pregnancy, lifestyle and related environmental factors were collected through in-person interview. Birth outcomes and maternal complications were abstracted from medical records. Data on the amount of daily average PM2.5 from 8 monitor points in Taiyuan city, between March 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013 were also collected. Individual exposure during pregnancy were calculated using the inverse-distance weighting method, based on home address. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression model was used to examine the associations among PM2.5 exposure, risk of preterm birth and related clinical subtypes.

RESULTSThe overall incidence of preterm birth was 8.21% (151/1 839)in 1 839 pregnant women. Exposure to ambient PM2.5 during the second week prior to delivery was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (OR=1.087, 95% CI: 1.001-1.182 per 10 μg/m(3) increase) and mild preterm birth (OR=1.099, 95% CI: 1.007-1.200 per 10 μg/m(3)). Compared to data from the China Environmental Air Quality Standard, higher level of exposure (≥75 μg/m(3)) of PM2.5 during the second week before delivery was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (OR=1.008, 95%CI: 1.000-1.017) but the association was mainly seen for mild preterm birth (OR=1.010, 95%CI: 1.001-1.018).

CONCLUSIONSRESULTS from our study showed that exposure to high level of PM2.5 during late pregnancy would increase the risk of preterm birth. Future large studies are needed to examine the association by preterm clinical subtypes and to elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.

China ; epidemiology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Maternal Exposure ; Particle Size ; Particulate Matter ; analysis ; toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Premature Birth ; chemically induced ; epidemiology ; Public Health ; statistics & numerical data

To explore the relationship between syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and genetic background in patients with beta-thalassemia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Budesonide/formoterol to control asthma under real-life conditions.Methods A muhi-center, open label, non-interventional study was conducted.Asthma control after 12 week therapy with Budesonide/formoterol was assessed by Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and modified Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ5).Results A total of 360 asthma patients were recruited,including 228 adult patients and 132 child patients.After 12 weeks' therapy,all the patients' medium value of ACQ was decreased significantly from 2.03 (adults 2.20, children 1.74) at baseline to 0.60 (adults 0.78, children 0.29) (P < 0.0001), and the medium value of ACQ5 was also decreased significantly from 2.4 (adults 2.24, children 1.76) at baseline to 0.47 (adults 0.62, children 0.20) (P < 0.0001).Conclusion Budesonide/formoterol is effective in asthma treatment, by which most asthma patients obtain and maintain clineal control.