Stria vascularis（SV）, located in the lateral wall of the cochlea, is a highly vascularized tissue that plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of endolymph and normal auditory function, with its core function relying on the transporter system distributed within it. These transporters in the SV precisely mediate the transport of ions, nutrients, and metabolites, constituting the cornerstone of the homeostasis of endolymph. Abnormal expression or dysfunction of transporters in the SV can lead to an imbalance in the inner ear microenvironment, which can lead to hearing loss. However, the effects of transporters in SV on hearing loss have not been fully clarified. In this paper, the function and distribution of different types of transporters in SV and their relationship with hearing loss are reviewed, providing a new perspective and prospect for exploring the molecular basis of hearing loss and targeted therapies of transporters in the future.

Objective To investigate the association and interaction of heat shock proteins B1 (HSPB1) gene rs2868371 and tumor-suppressor protein p53 (TP53) gene rs1042522 polymorphisms with chromosome damage levels among coke oven workers. Methods We recruited 1 333 male workers from a state-run coke oven plant in Wuhan in September-October 2010. Among them, 949 who had worked in coke oven workplaces, including auxiliary facilities and bottom, side, and top ovens, were nominated as coke oven workers (i.e., exposed), and 384 administrative or medical staff whose workplaces were offices were used as controls. General characteristics and 5 ml of venous blood were collected from each participant. The plasma concentrations of benzo [a] pyrene-diolepoxide (BPDE)-albumin adducts and the lymphocytic micronucleus (MN) frequencies for each individual were detected by ELISA and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay, respectively. Gene polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan assays via quantitative PCR (ABI Prism 7900HT), and the corresponding frequency ratios (FR) with 95%confidence intervals (CI) were computed for all assays. Results In the exposed group, the MN frequencies were higher in HSPB1 rs2868371 GC, CC, and GC+CC genotype carriers ((3.88 ± 2.88)‰, (4.00 ± 2.66)‰, and (3.91 ± 2.83)‰, respectively) than in rs2868371 GG genotype carriers ((3.52±2.67)‰;FR=1.10, 1.13, and 1.11;95%CI:1.02-1.19, 1.02-1.25, and 1.03-1.19, respectively), and the HSPB1 rs2868371C allele was associated with increased MN frequency (Ptrend=0.006). Further, in the exposed group, the MN frequencies were lower in TP53 rs1042522 CG and CG+GG genotype carriers ((3.63±2.61)‰and (3.66±2.61)‰, respectively) than in TP53 rs1042522 CC genotype carriers (3.95 ± 3.06)‰(FR=0.87 and 0.90;95%CI:0.83-0.96 and 0.84-0.97, respectively). The effect of gene-gene interaction between HSPB1, rs2868371, and TP53 rs1042522 on MN frequency was significant among coke oven workers (P=0.001). Further stratified analyses showed that the effects of the HSPB1 rs2868371C allele in increasing MN frequencies were robust in subjects aged>40 years (FR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12), those working >20 years (FR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.14), those with BMI ≤24 kg/m2 (FR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13), drinkers (FR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16), and workers with higher BPDE-albumin adduct levels (FR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13) (Ptrend=0.023, 0.013, 0.029, and 0.020, respectively). The decreasing effect of the TP53 rs1042522 G allele on MN frequencies was robust in subjects aged >40 years (FR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99), those with BMI ≤24 kg/m2 (FR=0.94, 95% CI:0.88-0.99), and drinkers (FR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-1.00) (Ptrend=0.031, 0.023, and 0.038, respectively). In addition, there were interactions between HSPB1 rs2868371 and age and between HSPB1 rs2868371 and working years in terms of MN frequency (P=0.030 and 0.013, respectively). Conclusion In coke oven workers, the HSPB1 rs2868371 C and TP53 rs1042522 G alleles were associated with increased and decreased chromosome damage levels, respectively, and their interaction effect on chromosome damage levels was significant.

Objective To investigate the association and interaction of heat shock proteins B1 (HSPB1) gene rs2868371 and tumor-suppressor protein p53 (TP53) gene rs1042522 polymorphisms with chromosome damage levels among coke oven workers. Methods We recruited 1 333 male workers from a state-run coke oven plant in Wuhan in September-October 2010. Among them, 949 who had worked in coke oven workplaces, including auxiliary facilities and bottom, side, and top ovens, were nominated as coke oven workers (i.e., exposed), and 384 administrative or medical staff whose workplaces were offices were used as controls. General characteristics and 5 ml of venous blood were collected from each participant. The plasma concentrations of benzo [a] pyrene-diolepoxide (BPDE)-albumin adducts and the lymphocytic micronucleus (MN) frequencies for each individual were detected by ELISA and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay, respectively. Gene polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan assays via quantitative PCR (ABI Prism 7900HT), and the corresponding frequency ratios (FR) with 95%confidence intervals (CI) were computed for all assays. Results In the exposed group, the MN frequencies were higher in HSPB1 rs2868371 GC, CC, and GC+CC genotype carriers ((3.88 ± 2.88)‰, (4.00 ± 2.66)‰, and (3.91 ± 2.83)‰, respectively) than in rs2868371 GG genotype carriers ((3.52±2.67)‰;FR=1.10, 1.13, and 1.11;95%CI:1.02-1.19, 1.02-1.25, and 1.03-1.19, respectively), and the HSPB1 rs2868371C allele was associated with increased MN frequency (Ptrend=0.006). Further, in the exposed group, the MN frequencies were lower in TP53 rs1042522 CG and CG+GG genotype carriers ((3.63±2.61)‰and (3.66±2.61)‰, respectively) than in TP53 rs1042522 CC genotype carriers (3.95 ± 3.06)‰(FR=0.87 and 0.90;95%CI:0.83-0.96 and 0.84-0.97, respectively). The effect of gene-gene interaction between HSPB1, rs2868371, and TP53 rs1042522 on MN frequency was significant among coke oven workers (P=0.001). Further stratified analyses showed that the effects of the HSPB1 rs2868371C allele in increasing MN frequencies were robust in subjects aged>40 years (FR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12), those working >20 years (FR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.14), those with BMI ≤24 kg/m2 (FR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13), drinkers (FR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16), and workers with higher BPDE-albumin adduct levels (FR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13) (Ptrend=0.023, 0.013, 0.029, and 0.020, respectively). The decreasing effect of the TP53 rs1042522 G allele on MN frequencies was robust in subjects aged >40 years (FR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99), those with BMI ≤24 kg/m2 (FR=0.94, 95% CI:0.88-0.99), and drinkers (FR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-1.00) (Ptrend=0.031, 0.023, and 0.038, respectively). In addition, there were interactions between HSPB1 rs2868371 and age and between HSPB1 rs2868371 and working years in terms of MN frequency (P=0.030 and 0.013, respectively). Conclusion In coke oven workers, the HSPB1 rs2868371 C and TP53 rs1042522 G alleles were associated with increased and decreased chromosome damage levels, respectively, and their interaction effect on chromosome damage levels was significant.