Human ; Research ; Information Dissemination ; Reference Standards

High-quality development has emerged as a central theme in the cultivation of doctoral candidates for the professional degree of acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina in the new era. Focusing on the core mission and contemporary demands, and through literature analysis and research interviews, the current situation for training acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina personnel was introduced. In order to break through the four practical challenges in the high-quality training of doctoral candidates for professional degree (including homogenization of training mechanism, optimization of training mode, limited integration of training resources and lack of evaluation of training quality), it needs to explore the strategy pathways from 4 aspects, (1) adhering to the goal orientation, following the specific rules of talent training and innovating talent training system; (2) optimizing the training process by building a "medicine-teaching-research-practice" integrative training model so as to meet the needs of talent training; (3) strengthening the development of practice bases, and organizing collaborative supervisory teams to provide favorable training conditions; (4) consolidating quality-guarantee mechanism by integrating dissertation with ascertainment of practical achievements, and implementing scientific assessment and evaluation.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; Acupuncture/standards* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Education, Graduate

INTRODUCTION: An interdisciplinary panel, comprising professionals from medicine, AI and data science, law and ethics, and patient advocacy, convened to discuss key principles on regulation, implementation and evaluation of AI models in healthcare for Singapore. METHOD: The panel considered 14 statements split across 4 themes: "The Role and Scope of Regulatory Entities," "Regulatory Processes," "Pre-Approval Evaluation of AI Models" and "Medical AI in Practice". Moderated by a thematic representative, the panel deliberated on each statement and modified it until a majority agreement threshold is met. The roundtable meeting was convened in Singapore on 1 July 2024. While the statements reflect local perspectives, they may serve as a reference for other countries navigating similar challenges in AI governance in healthcare. RESULTS: Balanced testing approaches, differentiated regulatory standards for autonomous and assistive AI, and context-sensitive requirements are essential in regulating AI models in healthcare. A hybrid approach-integrating global standards with local needs to ensure AI comple-ments human decision-making and enhances clinical expertise-was recommended. Additionally, the need for patient involvement at multiple levels was underscored. There are active ongoing efforts towards development and refinement of AI governance guidelines and frameworks balancing between regulation and freedom. The statements defined therein provide guidance on how prevailing values and viewpoints can streamline AI implementation into healthcare. CONCLUSION This roundtable discussion is among the first in Singapore to develop a structured set of state-ments tailored for the regulation, implementation and evaluation of AI models in healthcare, drawing on interdisciplinary expertise from medicine, AI, data science, law, ethics and patient advocacy.
Singapore ; Humans ; Artificial Intelligence/standards* ; Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration*

Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Cesarean Section/standards* ; China ; Consensus ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Obstetric Labor Complications/surgery*

Humans ; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Mutation ; Female ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis/methods* ; Genetic Testing/standards*

Humans ; Consensus ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/standards* ; Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Quality Control ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods* ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods*

Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Folate Receptor 1/metabolism* ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry/standards* ; Consensus ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms/pathology*

Consensus method is not only a common technical approach to the formulation of the acupuncture-moxibustion guidelines, but also an important way to form the recommended treatment protocols of acupuncture-moxibustion guidelines. Based on the theory of implementation science, the paper explores the influencing factors of consensus-reaching to acupuncture-moxibustion guidelines, and puts forward methodological suggestions on the consensus method performed in the formulation of acupuncture-moxibustion guidelines, so as to advance the rational application of consensus method and enhance the scientificity and transparency of acupuncture-moxibustion guidelines.
Moxibustion/standards* ; Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy/standards* ; Consensus ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

From the perspective of evidence integration and utilization in guidelines, based on the carrier variety, medical experience is composed of the literature on the practical experience of medical scholars recorded in the ancient and modern time, and the individual opinions in the expert consensus. These two types of carrier for medical experience play the different roles in the key steps during formulating the acupuncture-moxibustion guidelines. Three values are summarized, named being conductive to centering the key clinical questions and strongly representing these questions; being used as a basis to judge the clinical applicability of the recommended regimens; and facilitating the recommendation.
Humans ; Moxibustion/standards* ; Acupuncture Therapy/standards* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Acupuncture-moxibustion technical specifications are a crucial component of the acupuncture-moxibustion standardization system. This study reviews the current development status of acupuncture-moxibustion technical specifications in China, and analyzes their classifications and characteristics. It is found that the scope and classification of acupuncture technical specifications remain unclear in academic circles, and the development process faces numerous difficulties and challenges. Therefore, this study proposes the need for a systematic approach to the planning and management of acupuncture technical specifications based on a clear definition of acupuncture techniques and categories. Additionally, it suggests conducting methodological research on the development of acupuncture technical specifications and promoting the rational application of the consensus method in this process.
China ; Moxibustion/methods* ; Acupuncture Therapy/instrumentation* ; Humans ; Acupuncture/standards*