Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces (LCCA) represents a less common subtype of lung cancer, possessing special morphological features and imaging characteristics. The disease often presents atypically in its early stages, frequently leading to misdiagnosis, especially in the variant with the feature of thin, smooth walls. Although there has been a significant body of research on LCCA in recent years, the focus has predominantly been on the pathogenesis, imaging classification and diagnosis, and the correlation between pathological types and imaging morphology. But, there is a limited number of research on surgical treatment strategies and subsequent management of this condition. Furthermore, postoperative consolidation and internal medical treatments for lung cancer patients necessitate integration with TNM staging, particularly the pathological stage. However, due to the unique morphology of LCCA, the primary tumor assessment (T staging) appears insufficient for accurately predicting the prognosis of the tumor. This article provides a comprehensive review of the etiology and pathogenesis of LCCA, its clinical presentation, imaging and morphological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, pathological and genetic mutation characteristics, treatment, and prognosis, thereby serving as a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of LCCA.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of preserving the urethral ridge during Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate（HoLEP）in preventing postoperative retrograde ejaculation and to evaluate its impact on sexual function.Methods:This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia（BPH）who underwent HoLEP at Xiamen Haicang Hospital（Haicang Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen Medical College）from November 2022 to June 2024. Inclusion criteria were as follows：diagnosis of BPH confirmed by color Doppler ultrasound；International Prostate Symptom Score（IPSS）> 7；maximum urinary flow rate（Q max）< 15 ml/s；prostate-specific antigen（PSA）< 4 ng/ml；and an active sexual life with intact antegrade ejaculation. Exclusion criteria included neurogenic bladder，active urinary tract infection（UTI），and other relevant conditions. Patients were grouped based on the operating surgeon's comprehensive judgment during surgery，considering the degree of prostatic median lobe hyperplasia（preserved if hyperplasia was mild，not preserved if severe）. The EP-HoLEP group underwent “tunnel technique” enucleation of the middle lobe hyperplasia with preservation of the urethral ridge，while the HoLEP group underwent conventional prostate enucleation. Primary outcomes included postoperative retrograde ejaculation rate，International Index of Erectile Function（IIEF），Ejaculation Projection Score（EPS），IPSS，Quality of Life Score（QOL），Q max，post-void residual urine volume（PVR），operative time，and postoperative complications. Univariate analysis was used to screen potential influencing factors，followed by multivariate logistic regression to identify independent predictors. Results:Seventy patients with BPH were enrolled，with 35 in each group. Baseline characteristics，including age［（69.97 ± 5.14）years vs.（72.34 ± 5.08）years］，body mass index（BMI）［（22.99 ± 1.41）kg/m2 vs.（23.16 ± 1.38）kg/m2］，prostate volume［47.4（31.9，59.4）ml vs. 44.2（34.9，61.7）ml］，PSA［4.0（1.9，8.2）ng/ml vs. 3.1（2.6，5.0）ng/ml］，hemoglobin［（130.09 ± 12.92）g/L vs.（125.69 ± 17.26）g/L］，IPSS［17（10，22）vs. 17（10，27）］，QOL［5（4，5）vs. 4（4，5）］，Q max［7.5（6.3，9.1）ml/s vs. 7.0（5.9，8.9）ml/s］and PVR［65（22，167）ml vs. 60（16，150）ml］showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups（ P > 0.05）. Operative time［65（55，76）min vs. 63（55，73）min］，postoperative 2-hour hemoglobin［（124.17 ± 14.89）g/L vs.（120.11 ± 15.44）g/L］，and postoperative hospital stay［（3.94 ± 1.89）days vs.（3.66 ± 1.53）days］were also comparable between the two groups（ P > 0.05）. No significant difference was observed in the decrease in IIEF score［1（0，2）vs. 2（0，6）， P = 0.203］. EPS at 3 months［2（1，3）vs. 1（0，2）， P < 0.001］and at 6 months［2（1，2）vs. 1（0，2）， P < 0.001］postoperatively were significantly higher in the EP-HoLEP group. The incidence of postoperative UTI did not differ significantly［5.7%（2/35）vs. 2.9%（1/35）， P = 1.00］. Two cases of urinary retention occurred after catheter removal in the EP-HoLEP group，while none occurred in the HoLEP group. No blood transfusions or urethral strictures were reported in either group. The incidence of retrograde ejaculation was significantly lower in the EP-HoLEP group［28.6%（10/35）vs. 68.6%（24/35）， P <0.001］. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that urethral ridge preservation was an independent protective factor for retrograde ejaculation after HoLEP（ OR = 0.159，95% CI 0.053 ? 0.476， P = 0.001）. Conclusions:Urethral ridge preservation during HoLEP is safe and feasible，significantly reduces retrograde ejaculation，and preserves ejaculatory function，though it offers limited erectile function preservation. This approach is suitable for middle-aged，young，or younger elderly patients who prioritize ejaculatory quality，and provides clinical evidence for surgical optimization.

In February 2025, a local cluster outbreak caused by the D8 genotype Measles virus (MV) was first discovered in Henan Province. Epidemiological investigations and laboratory testing were conducted, including the collection of serum and throat swabs for MV IgM antibody and nucleic acid detection, virus isolation and genetic homology analysis. Measures such as close contact tracing, vaccination rate assessment and supplementary immunization activities were implemented, successfully preventing broader community transmission. A total of three cases were reported during the outbreak, including one imported-related adolescent and two secondary local adult cases. All cases presented with typical symptoms such as fever and rash. Both adult cases were complicated by pneumonia, with one case developing into severe pneumonia. MV genotyping showed that the two secondary cases were both the D8 genotype, with the viral sequences being completely homologous to the Kazakhstan strain. Among the close contacts, 98.2% were adults, and 142 individuals received emergency vaccination.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of perforator-based bilobed flaps in the treatment of stage 4 pressure ulcers.Methods:This retrospective observational study included 29 patients (21 males, 8 females) with stage 4 pressure ulcers admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair at Xuzhou First People's Hospital from August 2021 to May 2023. The patients' ages ranged from 12 to 82 (61.3±15.7) years. For ischial tuberosity pressure ulcers, reconstruction was performed using a posterior femoral bilobed flap based on the first perforator of the deep femoral artery, combined with a small gluteus maximus muscle flap. Sacrococcygeal pressure ulcers were repaired using a bilobed flap based on the superior or inferior gluteal artery perforator. Post-operative follow-up lasted for 2-36 months, during which flap survival and complications were assessed.Results:All the 29 bilobed flaps were successfully rotated and provided for adequate coverage without the need for pedicle division or perforator vessel dissection. Primary healing was achieved in 26 cases, with suture removal occurring two weeks post-operatively. Three patients experienced partial wound dehiscence and marginal necrosis due to post-operative pressure, which healed after two weeks of debridement and dressing changes. During follow-up for 2-36 months, no pressure ulcer recurrence was observed. The flaps demonstrated excellent survival, with soft texture, good elasticity, and adequate blood supply. The donor sites healed with only linear scars, and no severe complications were reported.Conclusion:Bilobed flaps based on artery perforators demonstrate excellent clinical outcomes in the treatment of stage 4 pressure ulcers.

Objective To develop an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method(UPLC-MS/MS)for the determination of nirmatrelvir concentration in mouse plasma.Methods The ACQUITY UPLC system was used in tandem with an API 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.The analytical column was Waters BEH C18(2.1 mm×5.0 mm,1.7 μm)column,and the mobile phases consisted of water(containing 0.1％formic acid)and methanol(containing 0.1％formic acid)under gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1.The column temperature was set at 40 ℃,and the injection volume was 5 μL.Electrospray ionization was used as ion source,and positive multiple reaction monitoring mode was adopted to quantitatively analyze the ionization pairs m/z 500.3→110.3(nirmatrelvir)and m/z 237.3→193.3(carbamazepine).Carbamazepine was employed as an internal standard.Results The linear range of nirmatrelvir was from 10 ng·mL-1 to 2 560 ng·mL-1.For the quality control nirmatrelvir samples,the accuracies of intra-and inter-batch were less than±15％,and the precisions of intra-and inter-batch were lower than 15％.Nirmatrelvir in plasma was stable at room temperature for 24 h and remained stable after three freeze-thaw cycles.The extracted nirmatrelvir solution could be stored at 4℃ for 3 d without any visible change.Conclusion The method was characterized by good specificity,high sensitivity,and appropriate linear range.The methodological validation was in accordance with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and could be applied to the quantitative detection of nirmatrelvir in plasma.

In February 2025, a local cluster outbreak caused by the D8 genotype Measles virus (MV) was first discovered in Henan Province. Epidemiological investigations and laboratory testing were conducted, including the collection of serum and throat swabs for MV IgM antibody and nucleic acid detection, virus isolation and genetic homology analysis. Measures such as close contact tracing, vaccination rate assessment and supplementary immunization activities were implemented, successfully preventing broader community transmission. A total of three cases were reported during the outbreak, including one imported-related adolescent and two secondary local adult cases. All cases presented with typical symptoms such as fever and rash. Both adult cases were complicated by pneumonia, with one case developing into severe pneumonia. MV genotyping showed that the two secondary cases were both the D8 genotype, with the viral sequences being completely homologous to the Kazakhstan strain. Among the close contacts, 98.2% were adults, and 142 individuals received emergency vaccination.

Objective To develop an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method(UPLC-MS/MS)for the determination of nirmatrelvir concentration in mouse plasma.Methods The ACQUITY UPLC system was used in tandem with an API 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.The analytical column was Waters BEH C18(2.1 mm×5.0 mm,1.7 μm)column,and the mobile phases consisted of water(containing 0.1％formic acid)and methanol(containing 0.1％formic acid)under gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1.The column temperature was set at 40 ℃,and the injection volume was 5 μL.Electrospray ionization was used as ion source,and positive multiple reaction monitoring mode was adopted to quantitatively analyze the ionization pairs m/z 500.3→110.3(nirmatrelvir)and m/z 237.3→193.3(carbamazepine).Carbamazepine was employed as an internal standard.Results The linear range of nirmatrelvir was from 10 ng·mL-1 to 2 560 ng·mL-1.For the quality control nirmatrelvir samples,the accuracies of intra-and inter-batch were less than±15％,and the precisions of intra-and inter-batch were lower than 15％.Nirmatrelvir in plasma was stable at room temperature for 24 h and remained stable after three freeze-thaw cycles.The extracted nirmatrelvir solution could be stored at 4℃ for 3 d without any visible change.Conclusion The method was characterized by good specificity,high sensitivity,and appropriate linear range.The methodological validation was in accordance with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and could be applied to the quantitative detection of nirmatrelvir in plasma.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of preserving the urethral ridge during Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate（HoLEP）in preventing postoperative retrograde ejaculation and to evaluate its impact on sexual function.Methods:This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia（BPH）who underwent HoLEP at Xiamen Haicang Hospital（Haicang Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen Medical College）from November 2022 to June 2024. Inclusion criteria were as follows：diagnosis of BPH confirmed by color Doppler ultrasound；International Prostate Symptom Score（IPSS）> 7；maximum urinary flow rate（Q max）< 15 ml/s；prostate-specific antigen（PSA）< 4 ng/ml；and an active sexual life with intact antegrade ejaculation. Exclusion criteria included neurogenic bladder，active urinary tract infection（UTI），and other relevant conditions. Patients were grouped based on the operating surgeon's comprehensive judgment during surgery，considering the degree of prostatic median lobe hyperplasia（preserved if hyperplasia was mild，not preserved if severe）. The EP-HoLEP group underwent “tunnel technique” enucleation of the middle lobe hyperplasia with preservation of the urethral ridge，while the HoLEP group underwent conventional prostate enucleation. Primary outcomes included postoperative retrograde ejaculation rate，International Index of Erectile Function（IIEF），Ejaculation Projection Score（EPS），IPSS，Quality of Life Score（QOL），Q max，post-void residual urine volume（PVR），operative time，and postoperative complications. Univariate analysis was used to screen potential influencing factors，followed by multivariate logistic regression to identify independent predictors. Results:Seventy patients with BPH were enrolled，with 35 in each group. Baseline characteristics，including age［（69.97 ± 5.14）years vs.（72.34 ± 5.08）years］，body mass index（BMI）［（22.99 ± 1.41）kg/m2 vs.（23.16 ± 1.38）kg/m2］，prostate volume［47.4（31.9，59.4）ml vs. 44.2（34.9，61.7）ml］，PSA［4.0（1.9，8.2）ng/ml vs. 3.1（2.6，5.0）ng/ml］，hemoglobin［（130.09 ± 12.92）g/L vs.（125.69 ± 17.26）g/L］，IPSS［17（10，22）vs. 17（10，27）］，QOL［5（4，5）vs. 4（4，5）］，Q max［7.5（6.3，9.1）ml/s vs. 7.0（5.9，8.9）ml/s］and PVR［65（22，167）ml vs. 60（16，150）ml］showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups（ P > 0.05）. Operative time［65（55，76）min vs. 63（55，73）min］，postoperative 2-hour hemoglobin［（124.17 ± 14.89）g/L vs.（120.11 ± 15.44）g/L］，and postoperative hospital stay［（3.94 ± 1.89）days vs.（3.66 ± 1.53）days］were also comparable between the two groups（ P > 0.05）. No significant difference was observed in the decrease in IIEF score［1（0，2）vs. 2（0，6）， P = 0.203］. EPS at 3 months［2（1，3）vs. 1（0，2）， P < 0.001］and at 6 months［2（1，2）vs. 1（0，2）， P < 0.001］postoperatively were significantly higher in the EP-HoLEP group. The incidence of postoperative UTI did not differ significantly［5.7%（2/35）vs. 2.9%（1/35）， P = 1.00］. Two cases of urinary retention occurred after catheter removal in the EP-HoLEP group，while none occurred in the HoLEP group. No blood transfusions or urethral strictures were reported in either group. The incidence of retrograde ejaculation was significantly lower in the EP-HoLEP group［28.6%（10/35）vs. 68.6%（24/35）， P <0.001］. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that urethral ridge preservation was an independent protective factor for retrograde ejaculation after HoLEP（ OR = 0.159，95% CI 0.053 ? 0.476， P = 0.001）. Conclusions:Urethral ridge preservation during HoLEP is safe and feasible，significantly reduces retrograde ejaculation，and preserves ejaculatory function，though it offers limited erectile function preservation. This approach is suitable for middle-aged，young，or younger elderly patients who prioritize ejaculatory quality，and provides clinical evidence for surgical optimization.

Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces (LCCA) represents a less common subtype of lung cancer, possessing special morphological features and imaging characteristics. The disease often presents atypically in its early stages, frequently leading to misdiagnosis, especially in the variant with the feature of thin, smooth walls. Although there has been a significant body of research on LCCA in recent years, the focus has predominantly been on the pathogenesis, imaging classification and diagnosis, and the correlation between pathological types and imaging morphology. But, there is a limited number of research on surgical treatment strategies and subsequent management of this condition. Furthermore, postoperative consolidation and internal medical treatments for lung cancer patients necessitate integration with TNM staging, particularly the pathological stage. However, due to the unique morphology of LCCA, the primary tumor assessment (T staging) appears insufficient for accurately predicting the prognosis of the tumor. This article provides a comprehensive review of the etiology and pathogenesis of LCCA, its clinical presentation, imaging and morphological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, pathological and genetic mutation characteristics, treatment, and prognosis, thereby serving as a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of LCCA.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of perforator-based bilobed flaps in the treatment of stage 4 pressure ulcers.Methods:This retrospective observational study included 29 patients (21 males, 8 females) with stage 4 pressure ulcers admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair at Xuzhou First People's Hospital from August 2021 to May 2023. The patients' ages ranged from 12 to 82 (61.3±15.7) years. For ischial tuberosity pressure ulcers, reconstruction was performed using a posterior femoral bilobed flap based on the first perforator of the deep femoral artery, combined with a small gluteus maximus muscle flap. Sacrococcygeal pressure ulcers were repaired using a bilobed flap based on the superior or inferior gluteal artery perforator. Post-operative follow-up lasted for 2-36 months, during which flap survival and complications were assessed.Results:All the 29 bilobed flaps were successfully rotated and provided for adequate coverage without the need for pedicle division or perforator vessel dissection. Primary healing was achieved in 26 cases, with suture removal occurring two weeks post-operatively. Three patients experienced partial wound dehiscence and marginal necrosis due to post-operative pressure, which healed after two weeks of debridement and dressing changes. During follow-up for 2-36 months, no pressure ulcer recurrence was observed. The flaps demonstrated excellent survival, with soft texture, good elasticity, and adequate blood supply. The donor sites healed with only linear scars, and no severe complications were reported.Conclusion:Bilobed flaps based on artery perforators demonstrate excellent clinical outcomes in the treatment of stage 4 pressure ulcers.