The Cancer Incidence in Five Continents(CI5)database are jointly maintained by the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)and the International Association of Cancer Registries(IACR),both affiliated to the World Health Organization.This paper provides a histori-cal overview of cancer registration efforts in China,systematically summarizes the journey and en-deavors of Chinese cancer registries as they were incorporated into IARC and CI5.Furthermore,it offers a perspective on the strategies for advancing the high-quality development of cancer registra-tion activities within the nation.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the anorectal region among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shenzhen, and explore the differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM populations, providing scientific evidence for HPV screening, vaccination, and related disease prevention.Methods:A total of 100 MSM recruited from the Department of Dermatovenerology of the Third People′s Hospital of Shenzhen between 2023 and 2024 were included. Questionnaire collected sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Anorectal exfoliated cells were analyzed for HPV genotyping, and blood samples were tested for HIV antibodies and T lymphocyte subsets. Chi-square test was used to assess associations between qualitative variables. Results:Among 100 MSM, 58 were HIV-positive and 42 HIV-negative. The overall HPV infection rate was 93.10% (54/58) in HIV-positive MSM, with high-risk HPV at 79.31% (46/58) and low-risk HPV at 75.86% (44/58). The predominant genotypes were HPV6, 11, 16, 52, 18, 59, and 68. In HIV-negative MSM, HPV infection rate was 95.24% (40/42), with high-risk HPV at 57.14% (24/42) and low-risk HPV at 92.50% (37/40), dominated by HPV6, 11, 16, 51 and 52. HIV-positive MSM showed significantly higher infection rates of high-risk HPV16/18 ( P=0.032), HPV58 ( P=0.020), HPV59 ( P=0.031), and HPV68 ( P=0.007) compared to HIV-negative MSM. The maximum number of concurrent HPV infections was 12 in HIV-positive MSM versus 4 in HIV-negative MSM. Multivariate analysis revealed that HIV-positive MSM with CD4/CD8 ratio≤0.9 had significantly higher HPV positivity ( P<0.05). Conclusions:HIV-positive MSM exhibit elevated rates of high-risk and multiple HPV infections, closely associated with immune dysfunction. Strengthened HPV screening, vaccination, and immune status management are critical for preventing HPV-related malignancies in the population.

Objective:To observe the effect of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) supplemented with intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) of the cerebellum in restoring lower limb function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).Methods:Eighty ACLR patients were randomly divided into a control group, a magnetic stimulation group, a robot group and a combined group, each with 20 members. The robot and magnetic stimulation groups underwent RAGT and cerebellar iTBS before conventional training, while the combined group received iTBS followed by RAGT and then conventional training. The treatments were administered once a day, three days per week for four weeks. Before and after the intervention, the peak torque ratio of the knee flexors and extensors (H/Q), peak torque of the knee extensors (PT), and knee repositioning angle difference were measured. Knee function and balance (using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS)) were also assessed.Results:The combined group demonstrated significantly better quadriceps PT and H/Q% than the other 3 groups. Knee repositioning angle difference improved significantly in all of the groups after the treatment, with the combined group showing the smallest difference (5.00±1.21)°, significantly better than the other three groups. Lysholm and BBS scores had also improved significantly in all of the groups, with the combined group′s improvements again significantly better than those of the other groups.Conclusion:Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the cerebellum combined with robot-assisted gait training can significantly improve knee function and balance after ACLR.

AIM:To investigate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of the p62-NIMA(never in mi-tosis gene A)-related kinase 7(NEK7)-gasdermin D(GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis axis in a mouse model of gouty arthri-tis.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,and colchicine group(n=5 per group).Conditional knockout mouse models of p62,GSDMD,and p62-GSDMD were constructed and assigned to p62-/-group,GSDMD-/-group,and p62-/--GSDMD-/-group,respectively(n=5 per group).The gouty arthritis model was in-duced by monosodium urate crystal injection into the ankle joint in all groups except control.The colchicine group re-ceived oral colchicine pretreatment for 3 days prior to MSU injection,continuing for 5 days total.Ankle joint swelling was measured using a vernier caliper at 0,6,12,24,and 48 hours post-injection.Serum levels of p62,GSDMD,caspase-1,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-18 were quantified by ELISA.Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to assess nu-cleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein contain-ing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC),cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β expression in joint tissues.Western blot was con-ducted to detect protein expression of p62,GSDMD,NLRP3,ASC,cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β in mouse ankle joints,while RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA expression of p62,NEK7,GSDMD,NLRP3,caspase-1 and IL-1β.RE-SULTS:Serum p62 levels and p62 protein and mRNA expression in ankle joints were significantly elevated in the model group.Following p62 gene knockout,the protein expression of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β in ankle joints showed a marked increase.Both GSDMD-/-and p62-/--GSDMD-/-groups exhibited attenuated ankle joint swelling,reduced serum levels of caspase-1,IL-1β,and IL-18,along with downregulated expression of p62,NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β at both mRNA and protein levels in ankle joints.The NEK7 mRNA expression was similarly suppressed in these groups.CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate that MSU crystals activate macrophages through the coordinated action of p62,NEK7,and GSDMD,triggering NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and ultimately promoting joint inflammation in gout mice.The p62-NEK7-GSDMD axis represents a critical regulatory mechanism in the canonical pyrop-tosis signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the specific expressions of Delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1 ( DLK1) and Maternally expressed gene 3 ( MEG3) in POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1) spectrum pituitary tumors and their correlation with prognosis. Methods:A retrospective case-control study method was adopted. A total of 167 patients with POU1F1 lineage pituitary adenomas who were diagnosed and underwent pituitary adenoma resection at Tangshan People′s Hospital from April 2021 to April 2023 were collected as the research subjects. There were 98 males and 69 females with an average age of (63.05±7.51) years, ranging from 52 to 82 years. They were divided into good prognosis group ( n=111) and poor prognosis group ( n=56) according to postoperative follow-up. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine the relationships between the levels of DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA and the immune function indicators (Complement 3/Complement 4/Immunoglobulin M/Immunoglobulin A). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation between DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA levels and poor prognosis of patients. The odds ratio (OR) of multivariate Logistic regression analysis was calculated. RCS model was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA and poor prognosis of pituitary tumor resection in POU1F1 spectrum patients. The measurement data following a normal distribution were presented as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and the t-test was used for comparison between groups. The count data were presented as the number of cases and percentages (%), and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Results:Before treatment, the levels of DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA in the serum of patients in the good prognosis group were 0.142±0.047 and 0.075±0.024 respectively, and after treatment, they were 0.019±0.003 and 0.577±0.067 respectively. Before treatment, the levels of DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA in the serum of patients in the poor prognosis group were 0.109±0.035 and 0.067±0.016 respectively, and after treatment, they were 0.057±0.011 and 0.298±0.047 respectively. Before and after treatment the level of DLK1 mRNA in the good prognosis group was significantly lower than that in the poor prognosis group, and the level of MEG3 mRNA in the good prognosis group was significantly higher than that in the poor prognosis group ( P< 0.05). Moreover, the serum DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA of patients after treatment were significantly different from those before treatment ( P<0.05). The levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone, prolactin, complement 3, mean visual field defect and weighted visual field index in the good prognosis group were (42.15±4.68) ng/L, (13.47±2.17) ng/L, (8.28±1.76) ng/L, (1.38±0.34) g/L, (5.26±1.15) dB, (89.14±17.23)%. In the poor prognosis group, there were (56.64±6.42) ng/L, (18.06±3.11) ng/L, (11.49±2.93) ng/L, (1.12±0.45) g/L and (7.96±1.52) dB, (73.65±15.28)%, and there was statistical significance in the above indexes between the two groups ( P< 0.05). There was no independent correlation between the expression of DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA and immune function indexes (Complement 3/Complement 4、IgM、IgA) ( P>0.05). There was an independent positive correlation between high level of DLK1 mRNA and poor prognosis ( OR=0.521, 95% CI: 0.466-0.738), and a stable correlation between low level of MEG3 mRNA and poor prognosis ( OR=0.761, 95% CI: 0.526-0.883). There is a negative nonlinear dose-response relationship between MEG3 and risk of poor prognosis, and a positive nonlinear dose-response relationship between DLK1 and risk-poor prognosis. The area under ROC curve (AUC) of DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA for predicting poor prognosis were 0.685(0.504-0.797) and 0.710 (0.611-0.806), respectively. Conclusion:There are significant differences between serum DLK1 mRNA and MEG3 mRNA after treatment and before treatment. DLK1 mRNA were positively nonlinear independent correlated with poor prognosis, and MEG3 mRNA was negatively nonlinear independent correlated with poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVES: To propose a hypothesis that aloe-emodin may inhibit scar tissue fibrosis through thrombospondin-1(THBS1)-PI3K-Akt pathway. METHODS: By cultivating fibroblasts derived from scar tissue after cleft palate surgery in humans, aloe emodin of different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol/L) was added to the cells which activity was detected. At the same time, transcriptome sequencing was performed on scar tissue and cells, and bioinformatics methods were used to explore potential targets and signaling pathways of scar tissue fibrosis. RESULTS: Aloe-emodin had a concentration dependent inhibitory effect on fibroblast proliferation,with the 40 μmol/L concentration group showing the most significant effect. The results of tissue and cell sequencing indicated that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathway, and shared a common differential gene which was THBS1. The ORA analysis results indicated that differentially expressed genes, including THBS1, were significantly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Aloe emodin may inhibit the PI3K-Akt pathway by downregulating THBS1, thereby reducing the proliferation activity of fibroblasts derived from postoperative palatal scar tissue.
Thrombospondin 1/genetics* ; Humans ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Fibroblasts/cytology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Fibrosis ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Cicatrix/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Anthraquinones/pharmacology* ; Cells, Cultured

Objective To establish a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) expressing human triple mutant amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the hippocampus, and to provide a model for the study of disease mechanisms and drug development. Methods Twenty-four 12-week-old SPF-grade female SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a virus control group and an experimental group, with eight rats in each group; among them, the experimental group received a stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying the human triple mutant APP and NanoLuc luciferase genes into the hippocampus. In vivo imaging was used to observe viral expression in the brains of rats in each group, the novel object recognition test was used to assess the recognition memory of the rats in each group, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of the APP gene, HE staining was used to examine the brain histopathology, Nissl staining was used to assess the hippocampal lesions, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ). Results In vivo imaging showed that reporter fluorescence was detected in the brains of rats in both experimental and virus control groups. Fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression level of the APP gene was significantly increased in the brains of rats in the experimental group (P<0.01). Novel object recognition test revealed that the recognition memory of rats in the experimental group was significantly reduced compared with that of the blank control group (P<0.01). Six months after recombinant AAV virus infection, HE staining and Nissl staining of brain tissues showed that the number of neurons and Nissl bodies in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the experimental group was reduced and disorganized; immuno-histochemistry testing of the CA1 region of the hippocampus and the pyramidal cell layer of the experimental group revealed prominent brown deposits, indicating Aβ protein deposition. Conclusion The rat model successfully established by stereotaxic injection and AAV-mediated delivery of human triple mutant APP gene exhibits typical AD features, providing a valuable animal model for studying AD pathology and developing drug therapies targeting Aβ protein deposition.

Objective To establish a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) expressing human triple mutant amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the hippocampus, and to provide a model for the study of disease mechanisms and drug development. Methods Twenty-four 12-week-old SPF-grade female SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a virus control group and an experimental group, with eight rats in each group; among them, the experimental group received a stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying the human triple mutant APP and NanoLuc luciferase genes into the hippocampus. In vivo imaging was used to observe viral expression in the brains of rats in each group, the novel object recognition test was used to assess the recognition memory of the rats in each group, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of the APP gene, HE staining was used to examine the brain histopathology, Nissl staining was used to assess the hippocampal lesions, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ). Results In vivo imaging showed that reporter fluorescence was detected in the brains of rats in both experimental and virus control groups. Fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression level of the APP gene was significantly increased in the brains of rats in the experimental group (P<0.01). Novel object recognition test revealed that the recognition memory of rats in the experimental group was significantly reduced compared with that of the blank control group (P<0.01). Six months after recombinant AAV virus infection, HE staining and Nissl staining of brain tissues showed that the number of neurons and Nissl bodies in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the experimental group was reduced and disorganized; immuno-histochemistry testing of the CA1 region of the hippocampus and the pyramidal cell layer of the experimental group revealed prominent brown deposits, indicating Aβ protein deposition. Conclusion The rat model successfully established by stereotaxic injection and AAV-mediated delivery of human triple mutant APP gene exhibits typical AD features, providing a valuable animal model for studying AD pathology and developing drug therapies targeting Aβ protein deposition.

Objective To explore the compatibility law of amenorrhea and commonly used local herbs in southwest China using hypergraph;To provide drug choice for the clinical treatment of modern TCM amenorrhea and promote the development and utilization of local Chinese materia medica resources.Methods In this study,the data of prescriptions for the treatment of amenorrhea in Southwest China were used as the data source.By constructing formulas related to amenorrhea-hypergraph(AFR-HG),the topological structure of AFR-HG was analyzed,and the core subnet was extracted according to the node weighted hypercentrality.Based on the sub-network AFR-HG-p1 extracted from the top 20 kinds of Chinese materia medica in AFR-HG,the Kumar algorithm was used to divide the efficacy community network.Results A total of 123 amenorrhea prescriptions were included in this study.Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Carthami Flos,Cyperi Rhizoma,Chuanxiong Rhizoma and other drugs with the efficacy of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,soothing liver and regulating qi,and warming and tonifying were the main drugs with high frequency.Three layers of core subnets were extracted layer by layer through weighted hyper-centrality sorting.The first layer contained Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Hyperici Sampsonii Herba,etc.;the second layer of drugs were mainly Lycopi Herba,Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma,Bombycis Feculae,etc.;the third layer of drugs were mainly Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra,Moutan Cortex,Sargentodoxae Caulis and other drugs;based on the top 20 node overdose drugs,community drugs were obtained through community detection:the first community subnet was Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Draconis Sanguis,Corydalis Rhizoma,etc.,the second community subnet was Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma,Rosae Chinensis Flos,Hyperici Sampsonii Herba,etc.,and the third community subnet was Akebiae Caulis,Homalomenae Rhizoma,Bombycis Feculae,etc.Conclusion In prescriptions of amenorrhea in Southwest China,the treatment principles are basically consistent with modern clinical practice.In addition to commonly used drugs,local herbal medicines and similar medicines are also common.It is of great value to explore the rules of prescriptions for the development and utilization of Chinese materia medica resources.

AIM:To investigate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of the p62-NIMA(never in mi-tosis gene A)-related kinase 7(NEK7)-gasdermin D(GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis axis in a mouse model of gouty arthri-tis.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,and colchicine group(n=5 per group).Conditional knockout mouse models of p62,GSDMD,and p62-GSDMD were constructed and assigned to p62-/-group,GSDMD-/-group,and p62-/--GSDMD-/-group,respectively(n=5 per group).The gouty arthritis model was in-duced by monosodium urate crystal injection into the ankle joint in all groups except control.The colchicine group re-ceived oral colchicine pretreatment for 3 days prior to MSU injection,continuing for 5 days total.Ankle joint swelling was measured using a vernier caliper at 0,6,12,24,and 48 hours post-injection.Serum levels of p62,GSDMD,caspase-1,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-18 were quantified by ELISA.Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to assess nu-cleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein contain-ing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC),cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β expression in joint tissues.Western blot was con-ducted to detect protein expression of p62,GSDMD,NLRP3,ASC,cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β in mouse ankle joints,while RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA expression of p62,NEK7,GSDMD,NLRP3,caspase-1 and IL-1β.RE-SULTS:Serum p62 levels and p62 protein and mRNA expression in ankle joints were significantly elevated in the model group.Following p62 gene knockout,the protein expression of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β in ankle joints showed a marked increase.Both GSDMD-/-and p62-/--GSDMD-/-groups exhibited attenuated ankle joint swelling,reduced serum levels of caspase-1,IL-1β,and IL-18,along with downregulated expression of p62,NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β at both mRNA and protein levels in ankle joints.The NEK7 mRNA expression was similarly suppressed in these groups.CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate that MSU crystals activate macrophages through the coordinated action of p62,NEK7,and GSDMD,triggering NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and ultimately promoting joint inflammation in gout mice.The p62-NEK7-GSDMD axis represents a critical regulatory mechanism in the canonical pyrop-tosis signaling pathway.