BACKGROUND: The potential impact of pre-existing coronary artery stenosis (CAS) on right ventricular (RV) function during acute pulmonary embolism (PE) episodes remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-existing CAS and RV dysfunction in patients with acute PE. METHODS: In this multicenter, case-control study, 89 cases and 176 controls matched for age were enrolled at three study centers (Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Fuwai Hospital, and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University) from January 2016 to December 2020. The cases were patients with acute PE with CAS, and the controls were patients with acute PE without CAS. Coronary artery assessment was performed using coronary computed tomographic angiography. CAS was defined as ≥50% stenosis of the lumen diameter in any coronary vessel >2.0 mm in diameter. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between CAS and RV dysfunction. RESULTS: The percentages of RV dysfunction (19.1% [17/89] vs. 44.6% [78/176], P <0.001) and elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) (19.3% [17/89] vs. 39.5% [68/176], P = 0.001) were significantly lower in the case group than those in the control group. In the multivariable logistic regression model, CAS was independently and negatively associated with RV dysfunction (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.367; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.185-0.728; P = 0.004), and elevated sPAP (OR: 0.490; 95% CI: 0.252-0.980; P = 0.035), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Pre-existing CAS was significantly and negatively associated with RV dysfunction and elevated sPAP in patients with acute PE. This finding provides new insights into RV dysfunction in patients with acute PE with pre-existing CAS.
Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism/complications* ; Case-Control Studies ; Male ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Coronary Stenosis/complications* ; Logistic Models ; Adult

Joubert syndrome is a rare primary ciliopathy characterized by hypoplasia of the midbrain and vermis cerebellum, with or without extracerebral organs involvement. This article reports a case of Joubert syndrome with RPGRIP1L mutation, presented with anemia, renal dysfunction, growth retardation, and mental retardation. The patient reached end-stage renal disease at the age of 13 years old. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed slight elongation of the superior cerebellar peduncles, mild hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, and the characteristic "molar tooth sign". Elevated transaminase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were detected at the age of 14 years old. Genetic analysis showed a compound heterozygous mutation in the RPGRIP1L gene (c.1290_1291delGT, c.3764T>C). Joubert syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous disorder and easy to be missed. Early diagnosis and standard treatment contribute to a better prognosis.

Objective To construct a multivariable prediction model for assessing the risk of cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Clinical data of 600 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ NSCLC who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into the complication group(84 cases)and the non-complication group(516 cases)based on the occurrence of postoperative complication within 7 days,including atelectasis,pulmonary embolism,respiratory failure,chylothorax,massive pleural effusion,hypoxemia and atrial fibrillation.Demographic characteristics,preoperative pulmonary function assessment,pathological features and perioperative indicators were collected.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors influencing postoperative cardiopulmonary complication in patients and construct a predictive model.Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap resampling method(1 000 iterations)to evaluate the discrimination,calibration and clinical decision-making value of the model.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors of postoperative cardiopulmonary complication,including age(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.537-2.183),history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(OR=6.782,95%CI:2.685-17.130),Karnofsky performance status(KPS)score(OR=0.926,95%CI:0.888-0.965),the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to the predictive value(FEV1%pred)(OR=0.906,95%CI:0.845-0.972),the percentage of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide to the expected value(DLCO%pred)(OR=0.901,95%CI:0.832-0.975),intraoperative blood loss(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.014-1.036)and one-lung ventilation time(OR=1.057,95%CI:1.034-1.080).The area under the curve(AUC)of the combined diagnosis was 0.977(95%CI:0.965-0.989),with 96.4%sensitivity and 87.6%specificity.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated excellent calibration(χ2=1.285,P=0.994).Decision curve analysis demonstrated significant clinical net benefit when the risk threshold probability ranged between 20%and 98%.Conclusion The multivariable prediction model for cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic lobectomy in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ NSCLC patients exhibits strong predictive performance.

Objective To construct a multivariable prediction model for assessing the risk of cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Clinical data of 600 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ NSCLC who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into the complication group(84 cases)and the non-complication group(516 cases)based on the occurrence of postoperative complication within 7 days,including atelectasis,pulmonary embolism,respiratory failure,chylothorax,massive pleural effusion,hypoxemia and atrial fibrillation.Demographic characteristics,preoperative pulmonary function assessment,pathological features and perioperative indicators were collected.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors influencing postoperative cardiopulmonary complication in patients and construct a predictive model.Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap resampling method(1 000 iterations)to evaluate the discrimination,calibration and clinical decision-making value of the model.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors of postoperative cardiopulmonary complication,including age(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.537-2.183),history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(OR=6.782,95%CI:2.685-17.130),Karnofsky performance status(KPS)score(OR=0.926,95%CI:0.888-0.965),the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to the predictive value(FEV1%pred)(OR=0.906,95%CI:0.845-0.972),the percentage of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide to the expected value(DLCO%pred)(OR=0.901,95%CI:0.832-0.975),intraoperative blood loss(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.014-1.036)and one-lung ventilation time(OR=1.057,95%CI:1.034-1.080).The area under the curve(AUC)of the combined diagnosis was 0.977(95%CI:0.965-0.989),with 96.4%sensitivity and 87.6%specificity.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated excellent calibration(χ2=1.285,P=0.994).Decision curve analysis demonstrated significant clinical net benefit when the risk threshold probability ranged between 20%and 98%.Conclusion The multivariable prediction model for cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic lobectomy in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ NSCLC patients exhibits strong predictive performance.

Joubert syndrome is a rare primary ciliopathy characterized by hypoplasia of the midbrain and vermis cerebellum, with or without extracerebral organs involvement. This article reports a case of Joubert syndrome with RPGRIP1L mutation, presented with anemia, renal dysfunction, growth retardation, and mental retardation. The patient reached end-stage renal disease at the age of 13 years old. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed slight elongation of the superior cerebellar peduncles, mild hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, and the characteristic "molar tooth sign". Elevated transaminase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were detected at the age of 14 years old. Genetic analysis showed a compound heterozygous mutation in the RPGRIP1L gene (c.1290_1291delGT, c.3764T>C). Joubert syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous disorder and easy to be missed. Early diagnosis and standard treatment contribute to a better prognosis.

TCM dispensing is the most basic clinical pharmaceutical work of TCM.In recent years,based on the 9 key technologies of TCM dispensing,the TCM dispensing industry has ushered in great development,and innovative TCM dispensing information system and intelligent dispensing equipment have appeared.This article sorted out the current situation of TCM dispensing industry and looked forward to its future development route.The results showed that the introduction of new technology and new equipment in the key technical links of procurement acceptance,dispensing review,TCM decocting,medication guidance and so on have improved the quality of dispensing service and ensured the quality and safety of medication.In the development of modern TCM dispensing industry,it is necessary to improve the quality control standard system,service standard system and core equipment standard system in the standardization of dispensing technology;in terms of talent cultivation in the field of dispensing,it is necessary to focus on restructuring and building new educational models to cultivate new medical talents that intersect medical and engineering fields;in terms of informatization and intelligence,it is necessary to develop intelligent equipment that is more in line with the characteristics of TCM,and further promote and improve the"shared TCM pharmacy"model.Through improving the content of TCM clinical pharmaceutical care,developing new technology and equipment of TCM dispensing,and improving the level of dispensing service and education,it is expected to gradually realize the standardization,informatization and intelligent development of modern TCM dispensing industry.

Objective:To investigate the effect of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) on the progression of retinal arteriosclerosis by using a deep learning model.Methods:A cohort study was performed.Data of 1 928 individuals who underwent the medical examination at Beijing Yijiandian Clinic between January 2016 and August 2023 were reviewed, including baseline demographics, physical examination, serological test and fundus photography.Retinal arteriosclerosis was identified using a deep learning model.Five groups were divided according to LDL-C levels, including 389 subjects in group 1 (0.64-1.90 mmol/L), 387 subjects in group 2 (1.91-2.26 mmol/L), 384 subjects in group 3 (2.27-2.57 mmol/L), 385 subjects in group 4 (2.58-2.95 mmol/L), and 383 subjects in group 5 (2.96-6.06 mmol/L).The association between LDL-C levels and progression of retinal arteriosclerosis and the dose-response relationship were analyzed by logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University People's Hospital (No.2021PHB058-001).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The incidence of retinal arteriosclerosis progression was 22.10% (426/1 928) during the mean follow-up (66.84±6.58) months.The proportions of fundus progression in groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 15.68%(61/389), 21.71%(84/387), 21.35%(82/384), 25.71%(99/385), and 26.11%(100/383), respectively, with statistical significant differences among them ( χ2=15.97, P=0.003).Using group 1 as a reference, LDL-C 2.58-2.95 mmol/L was an independent risk factor for progression of retinal arteriosclerosis ( OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.04-2.22), and RCS analysis showed an " L" shaped association.The effect of LDL-C on retinal arteriosclerosis showed a threshold effect, with the risk of retinal arteriosclerosis progression increasing with increasing LDL-C when LDL-C was <2.34 mmol/L ( OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.10-3.62), and stabilizing when LDL-C was ≥2.34 mmol/L. Conclusions:LDL-C has a threshold effect on the impact of retinal arteriosclerosis progression, and the threshold is 2.34 mmol/L.

Background::The potential impact of pre-existing coronary artery stenosis (CAS) on acute pulmonary embolism (PE) episodes remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-existing CAS and the elevation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels in patients with PE.Methods::In this multicenter, prospective case-control study, 88 cases and 163 controls matched for age, sex, and study center were enrolled. Cases were patients with PE with elevated hs-cTnI. Controls were patients with PE with normal hs-cTnI. Coronary artery assessment utilized coronary computed tomographic angiography or invasive coronary angiography. CAS was defined as ≥50% stenosis of the lumen diameter in any coronary vessel >2.0 mm in diameter. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between CAS and hs-cTnI elevation.Results::The percentage of CAS was higher in the case group compared to the control group (44.3% [39/88] vs. 30.1% [49/163]; P = 0.024). In multivariable conditional logistic regression model 1, CAS (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.680; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.243–5.779), heart rate >75 beats/min (OR, 2.306; 95% CI, 1.056–5.036) and N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) >420 pg/mL (OR, 12.169; 95% CI, 4.792–30.900) were independently associated with elevated hs-cTnI. In model 2, right CAS (OR, 3.615; 95% CI, 1.467–8.909) and NT-proBNP >420 pg/mL (OR, 13.890; 95% CI, 5.288–36.484) were independently associated with elevated hs-cTnI. Conclusions::CAS was independently associated with myocardial injury in patients with PE. Vigilance towards CAS is warranted in patients with PE with elevated cardiac troponin levels.

ObjectiveTo understand the use of antibiotics in inpatients and the incidence and trend of hospital infections， to explore the implementation effect of comprehensive management measures， and to provide reference for hospitals to use antibiotics reasonably. MethodsBased on the hospital infection monitoring and management system， a retrospective analysis and comparison were conducted on the use of antibiotics， submission of microbial test samples， and incidence of hospital infections among inpatients in a tertiary hospital from 2012 to 2021. ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021， the use of antibiotics showed a downward trend， from 50.82% in 2012 to 41.29% in 2021. At the same time， the use rate of restricted and special antibiotics had also decreased， and the use rate of restricted and special antibiotics in patients without hospital infection was significantly lower than that in patients with hospital infection， and the microbial testing rate was also on the rise. The annual incidence rate of hospital infection was 0.69%‒1.92%， and the annual case-time prevalence rate was 0.79%‒2.17%. The annual average rate of the above two in 10 years was 1.18% and 1.34%， respectively. The results of the exponential smoothing model also showed that the utilization rate of antibiotics was decreasing and the incidence of nosocomial infection was stable. ConclusionLarge general hospitals took comprehensive management measures to strengthen the management of rational use of antibiotics， which led to a decline in the use rate of antibacterial drugs for inpatients and an increase in the rate of microbial examination. At the same time， the overall incidence of hospital infection was relatively stable， suggesting that the comprehensive management measures of antibacterial drugs in hospitals had achieved certain results. The current measures need to be optimized in the future to continuously improve the management level of rational use of antibacterial drugs.

Background::The clinical characteristics of patients with the comorbidities of hypertension and coronary artery disease (HT-CAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of AF in patients with HT-CAD and clinical characteristics of patients with both HT-CAD and AF.Methods::This cross-sectional study was conducted in Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital in Beijing, China, and included 20,747 inpatients with HT-CAD with or without AF from August 2008 to July 2018. We examined the overall prevalence, clinical characteristics, comorbidity profiles, treatment patterns, and blood pressure (BP) control of patients with both HT-CAD and AF. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the associations of cardiovascular risk factors with AF in patients with HT-CAD.Results::The overall prevalence of AF in patients with HT-CAD was 4.87% (1011/20,747), and this increased with age; to be specific, the prevalence in women and men increased from 0.78% (2/255) and 1.02% (26/2561) at the age of <50 years to 8.73% (193/2210) and 10.28 % (298/2900) at the age of ≥70 years, respectively. HT-CAD patients who had AF had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular-related comorbidities than those without AF. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, gender (male), body mass index, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease were independently associated with the risk of AF in patients with HT-CAD. For those with both HT-CAD and AF, 73.49% (743/1011) had a CHA 2DS 2-VASc score of ≥4, and only about half of them had the BP controlled at <140/90 mmHg, which indicated a high risk of thromboembolism and stroke. The use of oral anticoagulation increased during the study period (10.00% [20/200] in 2008 to 2011 vs. 30.06% [159/529] in 2015 to 2018, P < 0.01), but remained at a relatively low level. Conclusions::AF is highly prevalent among patients with HT-CAD. Patients with both HT-CAD and AF have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular-related comorbidities, lower BP control rate, and lower use of oral anticoagulation.