BACKGROUND: Meningeal metastasis (MM) is a form of malignant metastasis where tumor cells spread from the primary site to the pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, and other cerebrospinal fluid compartments. Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor types with MM. MM not only signifies that the lung cancer has progressed to an advanced stage but also leads to a range of severe clinical symptoms due to meningeal involvement. Currently, the risk factors associated with the development of MM are not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for MM in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) who underwent non-surgical interventions, in order to identify LUAD patients at high risk for MM. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of patients diagnosed with LUAD at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to July 2024. Missing data were imputed using multiple imputation methods, and risk factors were identified through LASSO, univariate, and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 170 patients with LUAD were included in this study and divided into two groups: 87 patients with MM and 83 patients without MM. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses revealed that younger age at diagnosis (P=0.004), presence of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) L858R gene mutation (P=0.008), and concurrent liver metastasis at baseline (P=0.004) were independent risk factors for developing MM in LUAD patients who did not undergo surgical intervention. Conversely, higher baseline globulin levels (P=0.039) and the presence of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene mutation (P=0.040) were associated with a reduced risk of MM development. CONCLUSIONS Age at diagnosis, EGFR L858R mutation status, ALK gene mutation status, concurrent liver metastasis, globulin levels at baseline were significantly associated with the risk of developing MM in patients with LUAD patients who did not undergo surgical intervention. For patients diagnosed at a younger age, carrying the EGFR L858R mutation, or presenting with baseline liver metastasis, early implementation of tertiary prevention strategies for MM is crucial. Regular monitoring of MM status should be conducted in these high-risk groups.
Humans ; Male ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/therapy* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Lung Neoplasms/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Aged ; Meningeal Neoplasms/genetics* ; Adult

Objective:To investigate the status of medical care seeking delay and diagnosis delay of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in Tongzhou District and Changping District of Beijing, analyze the related factors and put forward suggestions for early detection and scientific management of PTB patients.Methods:A retrospective epidemiological survey was conducted to collect the incidence data of PTB registered in Tongzhou and Changping from January 1 to December 31, 2021 by using the Chinese Tuberculosis Information Management System, and telephone interview were used for information supplement. Multivariate logistic regression model and decision tree model were used to analyze the influencing factors of medical care seeking delay and diagnosis delay of PTB patients.Results:In 2021, the medical care seeking delay time M( Q1, Q3) in the PTB patients in Tongzhou and Changping was 11 (5, 26) days, with a delay rate of 41.71%. Results from multivariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that factors influencing the medical care seeking delay included regular health check-up ( OR=0.033, 95% CI: 0.008-0.147), coughing for less than 2 weeks or showing any symptom of PTB before medical care seeking ( OR=0.378, 95% CI: 0.215-0.665), showing other symptoms before medical care seeking( OR=2.791, 95% CI: 1.710-4.555), no work or school in medical care seeking ( OR=2.990, 95% CI: 1.419-6.298). The diagnosis delay time M( Q1, Q3) in the PTB patients was 8 (0, 18) days, with a delay rate of 35.20%. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that the factors influencing the diagnosis delay of PTB included being diagnosed at a specialized tuberculosis hospital ( OR=0.426, 95% CI: 0.236-0.767) or a tuberculosis prevention and control institution ( OR=1.843, 95% CI: 1.061-3.202) and being traced as a source of infection ( OR=2.632, 95% CI: 1.062-6.521). The overall performance of the multivariate logistic regression model was comparable to that of the decision tree model, with the decision tree model exhibiting higher sensitivity but lower specificity. Conclusions:The medical care seeking delay rate and diagnosis delay rate of tuberculosis in Tongzhou and Changping were at low levels in 2021. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the health education and active screening, improve the public awareness of PTB prevention and control, and further improve the level of medical services and medical access to reduce the medical care seeking delay and diagnosis delay of PTB patients.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between health belief and the stages of parental decision-making on childhood 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) immunization in China.Methods:Cross-sectional multistage survey sampling method was used to select study subjects. The study subjects were parents who were aged 20-45 years and had one and more children ≤5 years old in three cities in China. A self-administered questionnaire designed based on health belief model was used to collect the information. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationships between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity of illness, perceived effect of PCV13 and stages of parental decision-making on childhood PCV13 immunization.Results:A total of 1 716 valid questionnaires were returned (89.33%). The average age of the study subjects was (35.33±4.95) years, and 79.60% of them were women. In the study subjects, 48.31% had in action, 21.79% were in contemplation and 29.90% were in pre-contemplation. The multinominal logistic regression analysis indicated that high perceived susceptibility ( OR=0.14, 95% CI:0.09-0.22; OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.39-0.76), high perceived severity of illness ( OR=0.55, 95% CI:0.42-0.73), and high perceived effect of PCV13 ( OR=0.27, 95% CI:0.18-0.40; OR=0.51, 95% CI:0.32-0.81) were significantly lower in those who were in contemplation or pre-compared with those who had in action. For study subjects with low perceived susceptibility, high perceived effect of PCV13 might decrease the probabilities of contemplation ( OR=0.53, 95% CI:0.32-0.87) and pre-contemplation ( OR=0.27, 95% CI:0.18-0.41). For those with high perceived susceptibility, perceived severity of illness might decrease the probability of contemplation ( OR=0.43, 95% CI:0.23-0.82). Conclusions:Childhood PCV13 vaccination willingness and level is low in China. It is important to pay greater attention to the intervention on health belief in child parents, such as perceived effect of PCV13, perceived severity of illness, and perceived susceptibility, in health policy development and health promotion.

Baitouweng Decoction is a classic prescription commonly used in the treatment of heat-toxin dysentery,with confirmed efficacy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).Clinical studies have found that Baitouweng Decoction,modified Baitouweng Decoction,combined with other Chinese materia medica or other therapies for UC can improve the clinical symptoms of patients,reduce the lesion activity score under colonoscopy,promote the healing of intestinal mucosal tissue,and also improve the overall efficiency of treatment,and reduce adverse reactions and recurrence rate.Pharmacological studies showed that Baitouweng Decoction may treat UC by regulating the expressions of related inflammatory factors and signaling pathways,regulating immune function,repairing intestinal mucosal barrier,and improving intestinal flora imbalance.This article systematically reviewed the clinical and basic research progress of Baitouweng Decoction in the treatment of UC,in order to provide a basis for relevant research.

This article introduced Professor Xie Jingri's clinical experience in explaining the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment of cirrhotic ascites based on the theory of collateral disease.Professor Xie Jingri believes that cirrhotic ascites is mostly the syndrome of deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality,and the mixture of deficiency and excess.Among them,the deficiency of collaterals is the root of the pathogenesis of cirrhotic ascites,and qi stagnation,water dampness,blood stasis and other pathogenic factors blocking collaterals are its superficiality.The treatment should be based on the basic principles of tonifying deficiency and dredging collaterals,promoting qi and dredging collaterals,removing dampness and dredging collaterals,and promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals.One medical case about liver cirrhosis ascites of qi stagnation and collateral obstruction type was attached in this article.The treatment should be promoting qi and dredging collaterals,with confirmed clinical efficacy.

BACKGROUND:Our previous studies have confirmed that H2O2 and ginsenoside Rg1 can cause changes in reactive oxygen species levels in human periodontal ligament cells,but the correlation of reactive oxygen species with apoptosis and autophagy remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on H2O2-induced apoptosis and autophagy of human periodontal ligament cells. METHODS:Human periodontal ligament cells were divided into control group,H2O2 group and H2O2+Rg1 group.Ginsenoside Rg1(50 μmol/L)was pre-incubated for 24 hours and H2O2 was treated for 2 hours(500 μmol/L).CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of the cells.A fluorescent probe DCFH-DA was used to detect the reactive oxygen species level of the cells.qRT-PCR and western blot assay were used to detect heme oxygenase 1,apoptosis-related factor Caspase-3,Bax,anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2,autophagy Beclin-1,P62,LC3,pathway-related factors phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT),mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)mRNA and protein expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,the proliferation activity of human periodontal ligament cells in the H2O2 group decreased.Compared with the H2O2 group,the proliferation activity of human periodontal ligament cells increased in the H2O2+Rg1 group.(2)Compared with the control group,the expression of reactive oxygen species and heme oxygenase-1 increased in the H2O2 group.Compared with the H2O2 group,the expression of reactive oxygen species and heme oxygenase-1 decreased in the H2O2+Rg1 group.(3)Compared with the control group,the expression of Caspase-3,Bax,Beclin-1 and LC3 increased,while the expression of Bcl-2 and P62 decreased in human periodontal ligament cells of the H2O2 group.Compared with the H2O2 group,the expressions of Caspase-3,Bax,Beclin-1 and LC3 decreased,and the expressions of Bcl-2 and P62 increased in the H2O2+Rg1 group.(4)Compared with the control group,the expressions of PI3K,AKT and mTOR decreased in human periodontal ligament cells of the H2O2 group.Compared with the H2O2 group,the expressions of PI3K,AKT and mTOR increased in human periodontal ligament cells of the H2O2+Rg1 group.(5)These results suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 can inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human periodontal ligament cells by reducing the content of reactive oxygen species and down-regulating the related factor expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Objective To explore the effects of different acupoints,different target organs,and different interventions on acupoint efficacy based on ACU&MOX-DATA platform;To illustrate and visualize whether the above factors have the characteristics of"specific effect"or"common effect"of acupoint efficacy.Methods The multi-source heterogeneous data were integrated from the original omics data and public omics data.After standardization,differential gene analysis,disease pathology network analysis,and enrichment analysis were performed using Batch Search and Stimulation Mode modules in ACU&MOX-DATA platform under the conditions of different acupoints,different target organs,and different interventions.Results Under the same disease state and the same intervention,there were differences in effects among different acupoints;under the same disease state,the same acupoint and intervention,the responses produced by different target organs were not completely consistent;under the same disease state and acupoint,there were differences in effects among different intervention measures.Conclusion Based on the analysis of ACU&MOX-DATA platform,it is preliminary clear that acupoints,target organs,and interventions are the key factors affecting acupoint efficacy.Meanwhile,the above results have indicated that there are specific or common regulatory characteristics of acupoint efficacy.Applying ACU&MOX-DATA platform to analyze and visualize the critical scientific problems in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion can provide references for deepening acupoint cognition,guiding clinical acupoint selection,and improving clinical efficacy.

OBJECTIVE To study the secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. HSL-3 isolated from Hainan Mangrove and screen their anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. METHODS This fungus was fermented statically by using rice medium, and the secondary metabolites of the fungus were isolated and purified by column chromatography and HPLC. Structures indentification of the ortained compounds was carried out through MS and NMR. RESULTS Eight compounds were respectively isolated and identified as follows:lateritin(1), 4-carbomethoxy-6-hydroxy- 2-quinolone(2), 3,5-dimethoxydihydro-fusarubin D(3), anhydrofusarbin(4), 3,3'-methylene-bis(4-hydroxybenzaldehyde)(5), crypticin B(6), vanillyl alcohol(7) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylaceticacid(8), among which, compounds 2 and 5 were isolated from the genus Fusarium for the first time. Compounds 3 and 5 showed good anti-inflammatory activity on RAW264.7 cells with the inhibition rate of NO at 50 µmol·L-1 were 87% for compound 3 and 71% for compound 5, while compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic activity against human non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549, among which the IC50 value was (7.92±0.27) µmol·L-1. CONCLUSION Compounds 3 and 5 isolated from endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. HSL-3 isolated from Hainan Mangrove show strong anti-inflammatory activity, while compound 1 shows significant anti-tumor activity.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can cause a series of severe liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, remaining one of most serious worldwide public health problems. Autophagy is a conserved lysosome-dependent degradation pathway in eukaryotic cells and plays a critical role in host innate immune response. Multiple processes in the life cycle of HBV, including viral replication, maturation and secretion, are closely related to autophagy. Autophagy can regulate the assemble, envelopment and secretion of HBV in human hepatocytes and participate in innate and adaptive immune responses to clear HBV. HBV induces strong autophagy in human hepatocytes and escapes autophagic degradation through certain mechanisms. This review summarized the progress in autophagy and autophagic degradation regulated by HBV infection, hoping to provide a theoretical reference for further understanding the mechanism of autophagy regulated by HBV infection and developing novel strategies for anti-HBV therapy.

As a sensor of cytosolic DNA, the role of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) in innate immune response is well established, yet how its functions in different biological conditions remain to be elucidated. Here, we identify cGAS as an essential regulator in inhibiting mitotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and protecting short telomeres from end-to-end fusion independent of the canonical cGAS-STING pathway. cGAS associates with telomeric/subtelomeric DNA during mitosis when TRF1/TRF2/POT1 are deficient on telomeres. Depletion of cGAS leads to mitotic chromosome end-to-end fusions predominantly occurring between short telomeres. Mechanistically, cGAS interacts with CDK1 and positions them to chromosome ends. Thus, CDK1 inhibits mitotic non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by blocking the recruitment of RNF8. cGAS-deficient human primary cells are defective in entering replicative senescence and display chromosome end-to-end fusions, genome instability and prolonged growth arrest. Altogether, cGAS safeguards genome stability by controlling mitotic DSB repair to inhibit mitotic chromosome end-to-end fusions, thus facilitating replicative senescence.