Stresses induced by the deficiency or excess of trace mineral elements, such as manganese (Mn), represent a common limiting factor for the production of crops like Brassica napus. To identify key genes involved in Mn allocation in B. napus and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, a member of the metal tolerance protein (MTP) family obtained in the previous screening of cDNA library of B. napus under Mn stress was selected as the research subject. Based on the sequence information and phylogenetic analysis, it was named as BnMTP10. It belongs to the Mn-cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) subfamily. Expression of BnMTP10 in yeast significantly improved the tolerance of transformants to excessive Mn and iron (Fe) and reduced the accumulation of Mn and Fe. However, the yeast transformants exhibited no significant changes in tolerance to excess cadmium, boron, aluminum, zinc, or copper. The qRT-PCR results demonstrated that the flowers of B. napus had the highest expression of BnMTP10, followed by roots and leaves. Subcellular localization studies revealed that BnMTP10 was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Compared with wild-type plants, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing BnMTP10 exhibited enhanced tolerance to excessive Mn stress but showed no significant difference under Fe stress. Correspondingly, under excessive Mn stress, the Mn content in the roots of transgenic Arabidopsis increased significantly. However, under excessive Fe stress, the Fe content in transgenic Arabidopsis did not alter significantly. According to the results, we hypothesize that BnMTP10 may alleviate excessive Mn stress in plants by mediating Mn transport to the ER. This study facilitated our understanding of efficient mineral nutrients, and provided theoretical foundations and gene resources for breeding B. napus.
Brassica napus/genetics* ; Manganese/metabolism* ; Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics* ; Plant Proteins/physiology* ; Arabidopsis/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Phylogeny ; Cation Transport Proteins/metabolism* ; Stress, Physiological

Da Qinjiaotang is a common classical prescription for the treatment of stroke. It originates from Collection of Writings on the Mechanism of Disease， Suitability of Qi， and the Safeguarding of Life as Discussed in the Basic Questions （《素问病机气宜保命集》） by physician LIU Wansu， and is composed of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix， Saposhnikoviae Radix， Scutellariae Radix， Gypsum Fibrosum， Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， Rehmanniae Radix， Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata， Poria， and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix. Doctors of all dynasties have disputed the composition principle of the prescription and argued whether its treatment of stroke belongs to the theory of "internal wind" or "external wind". Through collating and analyzing ancient and modern literature related to the indications of Da Qinjiaotang， this paper was dedicated to the origin of syndrome differentiation and treatment of Da Qinjiaotang. According to LIU Wansu's original works， Da Qinjiaotang is a prescription for the treatment of "internal wind"， and in the prescription， wind medicinal herbs such as Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix， Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix removes stagnation， clears sweat pore， and makes qi and blood channels flow smoothly. However， later generations， affected by the idea of "external wind"， believe that this prescription is used for the treatment of "external wind". Ancient physicians gradually supplemented the symptoms of stroke， such as wry eye and mouth， hemibody pain and limb numbness， which were treated by Da Qinjiaotang， and Da Qinjiaotang was also applied to the treatment of other diseases， such as tendon dryness， convulsion and arthralgia. Modern doctors still explain the disease pathogenesis from the theory of "external wind" as deficiency in channels and collaterals and the entry of pathogenic wind， and the prescription has the effect of dispersing wind， clearing heat and nourishing and activating blood. In clinical practice， Da Qinjiaotang is mainly used to treat cerebrovascular diseases and peripheral facial paralysis in nervous system diseases， gouty arthritis and rheumatic arthritis in the rheumatic immune system and skin diseases. The above findings facilitate the research and development of Da Qinjiaotang.

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) acts as a tumor promoter in advanced prostate cancer (PCa). We speculated that microRNAs (miRNAs) that are inhibited by TGF-β1 might exert anti-tumor effects. To assess this, we identified several miRNAs downregulated by TGF-β1 in PCa cell lines and selected miR-3691-3p for detailed analysis as a candidate anti-oncogene miRNA. miR-3691-3p was expressed at significantly lower levels in human PCa tissue compared with paired benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue, and its expression level correlated inversely with aggressive clinical pathological features. Overexpression of miR-3691-3p in PCa cell lines inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. The miR-3691-3p target genes E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) and PR domain containing 1, with ZNF domain (PRDM1) were upregulated in miR-3691-3p-overexpressing PCa cells, and silencing of E2F3 or PRDM1 suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Treatment of mice bearing PCa xenografts with a miR-3691-3p agomir inhibited tumor growth and promoted tumor cell apoptosis. Consistent with the negative regulation of E2F3 and PRDM1 by miR-3691-3p, both proteins were overexpressed in clinical PCa specimens compared with noncancerous prostate tissue. Our results indicate that TGF-β1-regulated miR-3691-3p acts as an anti-oncogene in PCa by downregulating E2F3 and PRDM1. These results provide novel insights into the mechanisms by which TGF-β1 contributes to the progression of PCa.

To explore the law and characteristics of adverse events of medical devices and to provide research methods and basis for reducing the recurrence of similar adverse events, we collect medical devices safety information from five representative countries in the world, and make statistics and analysis on the types of events, the types of management and the causes of events. The results show that among 136 serious adverse events, the top three causes of recall are product design factors, software factors, and component defects. In order to reduce the application risk of medical devices, it is suggested that product designers, operating users and medical institutions should correctly implement the monitoring and evaluation system of medical devices.
Equipment Safety ; Equipment and Supplies/adverse effects* ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Software

This paper analyses the Australian native researches on nonexperimental literature published in 2012-2017 about traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Australia. The databases Springer Link, PubMed, Science Direct and the Elsevier database was for the retrieval for contents about the process of transmission of TCM. The communication subject, object and channels, the literature from the unit and the periodical information were abstracted and analyzed. A total of 62 articles were included, which covers 26 journals and 21 working units, 15 papers of communicate subject, 18 communication channels, 29 communication audiences. The research units and communication channels of TCM were constantly diversified, and communication subject and object of TCM also presented the trend of localization. However, the all aspects of communication are limited to specific fields, and high-quality communication and cooperation need to be improved.

Objective: To study influence of tirofiban on endothelial cell function in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: A total of 124 patients with myocardial infarction, who received emergency PCI in our hospital from Jan 2014 to Jan 2016, were selected.According to random number table, patients were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group (received unfractionated heparin during PCI) and tirofiban group (received tirofiban hydrochloride before PCI).Concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) before, and after PCI 2h, 6h and 36h;and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization were measured and compared between two groups.Results: Compared with before PCI, on 2h, 6h and 36h after PCI, there was significant reduction in NO concentration, and significant rise in vWF concentration in routine treatment group (P<0.05 or <0.01);there were no significant changes in NO concentration (P>0.05 all), significant rise in vWF concentrations on 2h and 6h (P<0.01 both), but that of 36h had no significant difference compared with before PCI in tirofiban group, P=0.879.Compared with routine treatment group, on 2h, 6h and 36h after PCI, there were significant rise in NO concentration [6h: (40.46±9.79) μmol/L vs.(54.84±10.76)μmol/L, 36h: (49.42±9.82) μmol/L vs.(55.39±12.34)μmol/L], and significant reduction in vWF concentration [6h: (243.14±19.99) μmol/L vs.(121.58±18.92) μmol/L, 36h: (223.38±19.76) μmol/L vs.(105.32±23.05) μmol/L] in tirofiban group, P<0.05 or <0.01.Incidence rate of MACE during hospitalization in tirofiban group was significantly lower than that of routine treatment group (4.8% vs.16.1%), P=0.040.Conclusion: Application of tirofiban in patients with myocardial infarction during emergency PCI can significantly improve endothelial cell function and reperfusion effect, which is worth extending.

Objective To study the homology and clinical characteristics of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa)in medical intensive care unit (MICU),so as to guide the clinical prevention of P.aeruginosa transmission and improve therapeutic effect.Methods 55 P.aeruginosa strains isola-ted from 25 patients with HAI in the MICU of a hospital in January-December 2014 were performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)homology analysis and clustering analysis,clinical characteristics,antimicrobial resistance, and transmission characteristics were analyzed.Results A total of 25 patients were investigated,with an average age of (69.62±2.13)years,mean hospital stay (49.34±3.18)days;prior to the isolation of P.aeruginosa, 84.00% of patients were treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents for >2 weeks,76.00% of patients had been admitted to MICU,and 52.00% had a ventilator-assisted ventilation.55 strains of P.aeruginosa were mainly A,F,H,K,N,V,and W,which were the main epidemic strains;patients infected with A,F,H and K strains all had cross in their hospital stay;PFGE profiles of isolates from 4 patients during different periods showed different strain patterns;resistance rates of P.aeruginosa to ceftazidime (72.73%), piperacillin/tazobactam (70.91%),and imipenem(70.91%)were all high,resistance rate to amikacin was the lowest(25.45%).Conclusion Management of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened in medical institutions,HAI control meas-ures should be strengthened,so as to prevent the transmission of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria in hospitals.

Objective To investigate the image features,categories,and clinical significances of Pneumoconiosis Ⅲ with large shadow.Methods The research is based on the analysis of image features of 168 pneumoconiosis Ⅲ patients who are directly diagnosed by qualified medical professionals in our institution.These image features are large shadows bigger than 2 cm×1 cm which can be observed by high kilovolt chest radiographs,DR chest radiography and chest CT scan.Results Large shadows bigger than 2 ×1 cm show noticeable imaging characteristics,like distribution of superior and middle lung regions (95.2％),irregular shapes (97.6％),splayed or sausage like changes on both sides perpendicular with ribs (89.2％),small shadows of pneumoconiosis (98.8％),and convergence of large shadow to hilum or mediastinal (53.6％).CT scan is significantly better than DR radiography on detection rate of focal emphysema,focal cavities and swollen lymph node of mediastinal.Conclusion Combining the image features of high kilovolt chest radiographs,DR chest radiographs and CT scan are the main methods to identify the shadows,and thus direct diagnose pneumoconiosis Ⅲ;CT scan plays an important role in differential diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the image features,categories,and clinical significances of Pneumoconiosis Ⅲ with large shadow.Methods The research is based on the analysis of image features of 168 pneumoconiosis Ⅲ patients who are directly diagnosed by qualified medical professionals in our institution.These image features are large shadows bigger than 2 cm×1 cm which can be observed by high kilovolt chest radiographs,DR chest radiography and chest CT scan.Results Large shadows bigger than 2 ×1 cm show noticeable imaging characteristics,like distribution of superior and middle lung regions (95.2％),irregular shapes (97.6％),splayed or sausage like changes on both sides perpendicular with ribs (89.2％),small shadows of pneumoconiosis (98.8％),and convergence of large shadow to hilum or mediastinal (53.6％).CT scan is significantly better than DR radiography on detection rate of focal emphysema,focal cavities and swollen lymph node of mediastinal.Conclusion Combining the image features of high kilovolt chest radiographs,DR chest radiographs and CT scan are the main methods to identify the shadows,and thus direct diagnose pneumoconiosis Ⅲ;CT scan plays an important role in differential diagnosis.