Objective To evaluate the value of serum Mac-2 binding protein (M2BP) for assessment of the severity of schisto somiasis-induced liver fibrosis, so as to provide insights into non-invasive diagnosis and disease surveillance of liver fibrosis caused by schistosomiasis. Methods A total of 234 individuals with a history of Schistosoma japonicum infection were sampled from Xinhua Village, Lushan City, Jiangxi Province from 2019 to 2020, and 234 serum samples were collected from all participants. All participants received B-ultrasound examinations of the liver. Serum samples were categorized into four groups (grades 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis groups) according to B-ultrasound examination results, and then, each group was randomly divided into a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve group and an efficacy assessment group at a ratio of 7∶3. Serum M2BP concentration was measured in four groups using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and differences in serum M2BP concentrations were compared with analysis of variance and Spearman correlation analysis. Serum M2BP concentration was subjected to ROC curve analysis among individuals with different grades of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis in the ROC curve group to determine the optimal diagnostic threshold of M2BP concentration at different fibrosis grades, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic performance. The diagnostic accuracy was verified by comparing the accordance rate and Kappa consistency test in the efficacy assessment group. Results Among 234 serum samples, there were 79 samples with grade 0 schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis, 87 samples with Grade Ⅰ, 46 samples with Grade Ⅱ and 22 samples with Grade Ⅲ according to the B-ultrasound examinations. The mean serum M2BP concentrations were (0.40 ± 0.31) [95% confidence interval (CI): (0.33, 0.47)], (0.64 ± 0.48) [95% CI: (0.53, 0.74)], (1.76 ± 0.58) [95% CI: (1.59, 1.93)] μg/mL and (2.56 ± 0.93) [95% CI: (2.14, 2.97)] μg/mL in the four groups, respectively (F = 150.796, P < 0.001), and the severity of schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis significantly positively correlated with serum M2BP concentration (rs = 0.715, P < 0. 001). The sample sizes of grades 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis sera were randomly allocated as follows: 55 versus 24, 61 versus 26, 32 versus 14, and 15 versus 7 in the ROC curve and efficacy assessment groups, respectively, and the serum M2BP concentrations were (0.39 ± 0.29) μg/mL and (0.42 ± 0.36) μg/mL (F = 0.196, P > 0.05), (0.59 ± 0.47) μg/mL and (0.75 ± 0.51) μg/mL (F = 1.967, P > 0.05), (1.73 ± 0.59) μg/mL and (1.85 ± 0.57) μg/mL (F = 0.417, P > 0.05), and (2.46 ± 0.64) μg/mL and (2.76 ± 1.41) μg/mL (F = 0.491, P > 0.05), respectively. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal diagnostic thresholds of serum M2BP concentration were 0.347 86 μg/mL (AUC = 0.635, P < 0.05), 1.188 83 μg/mL (AUC = 0.938, P < 0.000 1) and 2.021 21 μg/mL (AUC = 0.821, P < 0.000 1) for grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis. In addition, the accordance rates between the optimal diagnostic threshold of serum M2BP and B-ultrasound examinations for predicting grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ schistosomiasis-induceed liver fibrosis were 69.23%, 85.71% and 71.43% (χ2 = 1.340, P > 0.05), and the overall Kappa consistency test showed moderate consistency [Kappa = 0.608, 95% CI: (0.428, 0.788); Z = 6.609, P < 0.000 1]. Conclusions Serum M2BP may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing moderate to advanced schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis; however, its diagnostic value for early-stage schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis remains limited.

OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review concerning the safety of using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists （GLP-1RA） before gastrointestinal endoscopy. METHODS Chinese and English databases including CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP， CBM， and PubMed were searched to collect systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the safety of using GLP-1RA before gastrointestinal endoscopy， with a search period from the inception to September 30， 2025. Report quality， methodological quality， risk of bias， and evidence quality were assessed using the PRISMA 2020 statement， AMSTAR 2 scale， ROBIS tool， and GRADE tool， respectively. Corrected covered area （CCA） was used to quantitatively evaluate the degree of outcome overlap， and a comprehensive quality analysis was performed on the quantitative results of systematic reviews/meta-analyses. RESULTS Ten studies were included. All 10 stu dies had some information deficiencies （15.5-19.5 points）， and were at high risk of bias； 9 studies were extremely low methodological quality， while 1 study was low. In terms of evidence quality， among 88 outcome indexes， there was 1 moderate-level index， 28 low-level indexes， and 59 extremely low-level indexes. The CCA values of the incidence of residual gastric contents， aspiration， endoscopy interruption， repeated endoscopy， inadequate bowel preparation and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale scores were 37.30%， 35.00%， 35.00%， 50.00%， 29.60% and 20.00%， respectively. Results of comprehensive quality analysis showed that compared with the control group， the incidence of residual gastric contents， endoscopy interruption and repeated endoscopy were increased significantly in the intervention group， along with a notably prolonged gastric emptying time and a significantly lower score of Boston Bowel Preparation Scale （ P ＜0.05）. However， the study results regarding the effects of GLP-1RA on the incidence of aspiration and inadequate bowel preparation were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS The use of GLP-1RA before gastrointestinal endoscopy can increase certain safety risks， including residual gastric contents， endoscopy interruption and repeated endoscopy， prolong gastric emptying time， and reduce the quality of bowel preparation. However， the effects on aspiration and inadequate bowel preparation remain controversial. The reports included in systematic reviews/meta-analyses exhibited low quality in reporting， methodology and evidence， with high risk of bias. Therefore， conclusions should be interpreted with caution.

Objective To design a Five-Elements Music Software based on Traditional Chinese Medicine's(TCM)theory of five elements music therapy and music emotion classification.The software is intended to provide appropriate music selections tailored to the negative emotional states of cancer patients and evaluate its effectiveness in psychological rehabilitation.Methods ①Music screening and classification:Qualitative analysis was used by six experts in TCM,psychology,nursing,and musicology to screen five elements music and classify corresponding emotional categories.②Software design and development:Based on screening and classification of music materials,design and develop a"Five Elements Music Software Based on Emotion Classification".③Software application evaluation:Recruit 50 cancer patients from the"Beijing Anti Cancer Paradise"as participants to have a trial listening experience with music software,and fill out a satisfaction questionnaire to evaluate its application effect.Results This study established a music database containing 150 pieces of five-elements musical tunes and completed the classification of emotional categories.Among the included subjects,80%of the recruited objects were satisfied with the experience of the five elements music software,of which the application experience of female patients was significantly better than that of male patients,and breast cancer patients were better than other cancer patients,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The five elements music Software in clinic showed comparing with other two groups after four weeks,there was a significant difference for HAMD when comparing five elements music software group and the other two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The five-element music software designed based on emotion classification effectively meets the psychological rehabilitation needs of cancer patients.It provides appropriate music selections and convenient listening method to regulate cancer-related negative emotions,extending psychological rehabilitation from the hospital to the home.

Objective To analyze the main epidemiological characteristics of fungal infection in this hospital in the past 7 years,and to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention and control strategies of fun-gal infection.Methods The fungal data and clinical data of related patients isolated from clinical samples in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from early January 2018 to the end of May 2024 were selected,and the main epidemiological characteristics of fungal infection in this hospital were identified and described through multi-angle statistical analysis.Results A total of 4 479 patients with filamentous fungal infection were en-rolled.The proportion of male patients[57.5％(2 576/4 479)]was higher than that of female patients[42.5％(1 903/4 143)],mainly distributed in internal medicine,Intensive Care Unit(ICU)and emergency de-partment,among which internal medicine accounted for the highest proportion[50.0％(2 241/4 479)].About 90.0％of the specimens were from the lower respiratory tract,in addition to specimens from skin and soft tis-sue,tissue,ear and blood culture.In terms of seasonal distribution,there are more patients in winter.The fun-gi were mainly composed of Aspergillus,Mucor,Cerdosporium,Fusarium and Penicillium,among which As-pergillus was the most abundant,accounting for 74.6％of the total.Aspergillus fumigatus was the most a-bundant Aspergillus,accounting for 42.5％of the total Aspergillus(1 418/3 340).Among the related infec-tions caused by mold,Aspergillus was the most common in the lower respiratory tract,accounting for 76.8％.Among them,Aspergillus fumigatus accounted for the highest proportion(33.6％).98.6％of the molds infected the ear were Aspergillus,of which Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus were the most common.Skin infections are mainly caused by Sporothrix schenckii,Trichophyton rubrum,Microsporum ca-nis.The results of in vitro drug sensitivity test showed that the four common Aspergillus isolated in this hos-pital were sensitive to voriconazole,and amphotericin B had better antifungal activity against Mucorales in vitro.Conclusion Based on the main epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections in this hospital,it is recommended that special attention be paid to the admission of patients in the respiratory department during the peak infection period in autumn and winter.In the treatment of fungal infections in different regions and on different body parts,attention should be paid to the differences in the distribution of bacterial species.

Objective To design a Five-Elements Music Software based on Traditional Chinese Medicine's(TCM)theory of five elements music therapy and music emotion classification.The software is intended to provide appropriate music selections tailored to the negative emotional states of cancer patients and evaluate its effectiveness in psychological rehabilitation.Methods ①Music screening and classification:Qualitative analysis was used by six experts in TCM,psychology,nursing,and musicology to screen five elements music and classify corresponding emotional categories.②Software design and development:Based on screening and classification of music materials,design and develop a"Five Elements Music Software Based on Emotion Classification".③Software application evaluation:Recruit 50 cancer patients from the"Beijing Anti Cancer Paradise"as participants to have a trial listening experience with music software,and fill out a satisfaction questionnaire to evaluate its application effect.Results This study established a music database containing 150 pieces of five-elements musical tunes and completed the classification of emotional categories.Among the included subjects,80%of the recruited objects were satisfied with the experience of the five elements music software,of which the application experience of female patients was significantly better than that of male patients,and breast cancer patients were better than other cancer patients,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The five elements music Software in clinic showed comparing with other two groups after four weeks,there was a significant difference for HAMD when comparing five elements music software group and the other two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The five-element music software designed based on emotion classification effectively meets the psychological rehabilitation needs of cancer patients.It provides appropriate music selections and convenient listening method to regulate cancer-related negative emotions,extending psychological rehabilitation from the hospital to the home.

In the past decades, significant progress has been achived in cartilage regeneration. The traditional techniques for constructing tissue engineering cartilage scaffold mainly include pore agent method (or template method), phase separation method, gas foaming method, freeze-drying method, electrospinning method, etc. Cartilage is heterogeneous, and it is difficult for traditional scaffolds to simulate the high anisotropy of cartilage. Therefore, functional regeneration of cartilage is challenging. With the progress of three-dimensional(3D) printing technology, it is possible to prepare functional bionic scaffolds with fine structure and gradient changes through co-deposition of biomaterials, cells and active biomolecules, so as to achieve functional cartilage regeneration. This article reviewed 3D printing technology of cartilage tissue engineering, and the application of 3D printing technology in cartilage regeneration at different anatomical positions (articular cartilage, auricle cartilage, nasal cartilage). In addition, the importance of preparing bionic constructs with regional structure gradient and regional composition gradient was discussed. 3D bioprinting technology, 4D printing techniques, smart biomaterials brought hope for the construction of bionic tissues and organs.

Objective To investigate the health education needs and available resources in schistosomiasis-endemic areas based on integration of community resources, and to explore the operation pathways for health education and promotion during the stage of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods A community was selected from Nanji Township, Xinjian District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province around the Poyang Lake areas as the study site, and a questionnaire survey on health education needs for schistosomiasis control was conducted among permanent residents at ages of 20 years in the community during the period between June and July, 2022 using face-to-face interviews. In addition, the resources available for the community-based schistosomiasis control health education were investigated among workers in township-level specialized institutions, members of civil society organizations, villagers, teachers and high and primary school students through field observations, field surveys and thematic interviews. Results A total of 304 individuals participated in the questionnaire survey on community-based health education needs for schistosomiasis control, and 94.41% (287/304) and 93.42% (284/304) of the respondents were most interested in knowing/understanding knowledge of the morphology of schistosomes and knowledge associated with the transmission route of schistosomiasis. The four most popular patterns for disseminating schistosomiasis control knowledge included live broadcasting of schistosomiasis control videos (94.41%, 287/304), printed brochures (89.80%, 273/304), special lectures by doctors (62.50%, 190/304) and physical health education materials for schistosomiasis control (61.51%, 187/304). There were 96.71% (294/304) and 77.63% (236/304) of respondents that accepted the participation of township healthcare center and township government/village committees in dissemination of schistosomiasis control knowledge, and there were 95.72% (291/304) and 80.59% (245/304) of respondents that mainly acquired schistosomiasis control knowledge through village allocation of leaflets and volunteer schistosomiasis control activities, respectively. There was 96.71% (294/304) of respondents participating in the dissemination activities of schistosomiasis control knowledge held by village committees, township healthcare centers, and high and primary schools/kinder-gartens, and 61.25% (177/289) of respondents were willing to participate in volunteer schistosomiasis control activities. A total of 115 individuals participated in the survey of available resources for community-based schistosomiasis control health education, and there were a large number of organizational, human and cultural resources in the community that were useful for health communication services. Conclusions The abundant human and material resources from rural communities in schistosomiasis-endemic areas may be integrated into schistosomiasis control health education to generate a rural health education pathway with the joint participation of schistosomiasis control institutions, township governments, community departments and community residents, which may provide insights into the future development of schistosomiasis control health education.

In the past decades, significant progress has been achived in cartilage regeneration. The traditional techniques for constructing tissue engineering cartilage scaffold mainly include pore agent method (or template method), phase separation method, gas foaming method, freeze-drying method, electrospinning method, etc. Cartilage is heterogeneous, and it is difficult for traditional scaffolds to simulate the high anisotropy of cartilage. Therefore, functional regeneration of cartilage is challenging. With the progress of three-dimensional(3D) printing technology, it is possible to prepare functional bionic scaffolds with fine structure and gradient changes through co-deposition of biomaterials, cells and active biomolecules, so as to achieve functional cartilage regeneration. This article reviewed 3D printing technology of cartilage tissue engineering, and the application of 3D printing technology in cartilage regeneration at different anatomical positions (articular cartilage, auricle cartilage, nasal cartilage). In addition, the importance of preparing bionic constructs with regional structure gradient and regional composition gradient was discussed. 3D bioprinting technology, 4D printing techniques, smart biomaterials brought hope for the construction of bionic tissues and organs.

In the past decades, great progress has been made in cartilage regeneration. The traditional techniques for constructing tissue engineering cartilage scaffold mainly include pore agent method (or template method ) , phase separation method, gas foaming method, freeze-drying method , electrospinning method, etc. Cartilage is heterogeneous, and it is difficult for traditional scaffolds to simulate the high anisotropy of cartilage. Therefore, functional regeneration of cartilage is challenging. With the progress of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, it is possible to prepare functional bionic scaffolds with fine structure and gradient changes through co deposition of biomaterials, cells and active biomolecules, so as to achieve functional cartilage regeneration. This article reviews 3D printing technology of cartilage tissue engineering, and the application of 3D printing technology in cartilage regeneration at different anatomical positions (articular cartilage, auricle cartilage, nasal cartilage) . In addition, the importance of preparing bionic constructs with regional structure gradient and regional composition gradient was discussed. 3D bioprinting technology, 4 D printing techniques, smart biomaterials brought hope for the construction of bionic tissues and organs.

The internal limiting membrane located at vitreoretinal interface is formed by the contiguous basement membranes of Müller cells.Nowadays, vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane peeling has been widely used in many operations involving macular area.Although its clinical efficacy and safety have been demonstrated, it lacks the necessary histological support.At the same time, many studies have shown that the internal limiting membrane plays different roles in the occurrence of different diseases.Current studies have found that the proliferation of inflammatory cells, glial cells and vitreous cells leads to the physiological dysfunction of the vitreoretinal interface, and the internal limiting membrane can also become a scaffold for the proliferation of myofibroblasts, which will lead to the occurrence of macular diseases.This article reviewed the histological research of internal limiting membrane in terms of diabetic retinopathy, idiopathic macular hole and idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane, hoping to better understand the internal limiting membrane under pathological conditions and to confirm the safety and necessity of internal limiting membrane peeling from ultrastructure.