Objective To quantitatively assess the correlation between the skeletal muscle index(SMI)of patients and the occur-rence of anastomotic leakage(AL)in rectal cancer patients after surgery,and to analyze the risk factors for AL in rectal cancer patients and the influencing factors of sarcopenia.Methods The clinical,pathological,and related imaging data of 362 patients who under-went radical surgery for rectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent pelvic MRI and abdominal CT scans(plain/enhanced)within one month before surgery,and the third lumbar vertebra skeletal muscle area(L3-SMA)was measured from the images.All patients were divided into AL group(56 cases)and control group(306 cases)based on the presence or absence of postoperative complications.The differences in clinical characteristics and imaging parameters between the two groups were analyzed.A logistic risk prediction model was established.Results Significant differences were observed between the two groups in sarcopenia,type of surgery,surgical approach,serum albumin level,operation duration,stoma type,and extramural vascular invasion(EMVI)(P＜0.05).These factors were incorporated in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model,the area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the model was 0.810[95％confidence interval(CI)0.743-0.876,P＜0.001],with a sensitivity of 0.865 and specificity of 0.669.Conclusion Sar-copenia is a significant risk factor for AL after rectal cancer surgery.It enhances the predictive efficacy for postoperative AL and serves as a basis for identifying high-risk populations for AL in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze four patients with a 16q22 fragile site with miscarriage or infertility by using cytogenetic methods. METHODS: Four patients presented at Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients and subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping, among whom two were also subjected to copy number variation (CNV) sequencing. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2020-022). RESULTS: The chromosomal karyotypes of the patients were mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[26]/47,XX,del(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[4]/46,XX,del(16)(q22)[3]/46,XX[91], mos 46,XY,fra(16)(q22)[21]/46,XY,del(16)(q22)[3]/46,XY[76], mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[21]/ 46,XX,del(16)(q22)[4]/46,XX[75] and mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[16]/46,XX,del(16)(q22)[7]/47,XX,del(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[6]/47,XX,fra(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[3]/46,XX[68], respectively. CNV sequencing of patients 2 and 4 revealed no deletion or duplication on chromosome 16. CONCLUSION Identification of the 16q22 fragile site has facilitated genetic counseling for these patients.
Humans ; Chromosome Fragile Sites/genetics* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics* ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics* ; Karyotyping

Objective To quantitatively assess the correlation between the skeletal muscle index(SMI)of patients and the occur-rence of anastomotic leakage(AL)in rectal cancer patients after surgery,and to analyze the risk factors for AL in rectal cancer patients and the influencing factors of sarcopenia.Methods The clinical,pathological,and related imaging data of 362 patients who under-went radical surgery for rectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent pelvic MRI and abdominal CT scans(plain/enhanced)within one month before surgery,and the third lumbar vertebra skeletal muscle area(L3-SMA)was measured from the images.All patients were divided into AL group(56 cases)and control group(306 cases)based on the presence or absence of postoperative complications.The differences in clinical characteristics and imaging parameters between the two groups were analyzed.A logistic risk prediction model was established.Results Significant differences were observed between the two groups in sarcopenia,type of surgery,surgical approach,serum albumin level,operation duration,stoma type,and extramural vascular invasion(EMVI)(P＜0.05).These factors were incorporated in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model,the area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the model was 0.810[95％confidence interval(CI)0.743-0.876,P＜0.001],with a sensitivity of 0.865 and specificity of 0.669.Conclusion Sar-copenia is a significant risk factor for AL after rectal cancer surgery.It enhances the predictive efficacy for postoperative AL and serves as a basis for identifying high-risk populations for AL in clinical practice.

Establishing a harmonious relationship between the fixed restoration-tooth-periodontium (RTP) at the interface is crucial for achieving successful and long-lasting outcomes in esthetic zone restorations. This paper focuses on this core issue by elucidating the ideal RTP interface relationship, detailing a biological-esthetic dual-axis diagnostic classification for esthetic zone restorations based on RTP interface situation, and discussing clinical decision-making and treatment plans guided by this classification. Furthermore, specific strategies for managing the restoration margins in the esthetic zone are explored, emphasizing approaches that minimize adverse impact and enhance periodontal soft tissue protection on RTP interface in different diagnostic categories.

Objective:To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)com-bined with repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)on upper limb function and cortical excitability of stroke.Method:Thirty-five patients with upper limb dysfunction in stroke admitted to the Department of Rehabilita-tion Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from November 2021 to November 2022 were selected.They were randomly divided into experimental group(n=17)and control group(n=17).Both groups received conventional rehabilitation therapy and low-frequency rTMS.The experimental group re-ceived additional rPMS for the affected upper extremity extensors,while the control group received sham rPMS.Both groups received Fugl-Meyer assessment of the upper extremity(FMA-UE),modified Ashworth scale(MAS),modified Barthel index(MBI),rest motor threshold(rMT)assessments.23 patients underwent fNIRS to detect changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration(HbO2)in bilateral premotor and supplementary mo-tor cortex(PMC-SMA)and sensorimotor cortex(SMC)before and after treatment.Result:FMA-UE and MBI were significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),and the improvement of FMA-UE and the rMT of unaffected Ml were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the con-trol group after treatment(P＜0.05);the MAS grade of the flexor elbow group and Δ HbO2 of the affected SMC were significantly improved in the experimental group(P＜0.05),and the improvement of FMA-UE was correlated with the increase of the rMT of unaffected Ml and ΔHbO2 of the affected SMC(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference for the MAS grade of elbow extension and wrist flexion muscle groups,ΔHbO2 of bilateral PMC-SMA area,and ΔHbO2 of unaffected SMC area(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The combination of rTMS and rPMS improved upper limb function and activities of daily living and modulated cortical excitability in stroke patients,This combination was more effective than rTMS alone,likely due to the reduced excitability of the unaffected Ml and the activation of the affected SMC.

Objective:To understand the prevalence and related factors of three common chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes in HIV-infected persons.Methods:As of December 2023, HIV-infected persons >15 years old who are receiving antiviral therapy (ART) and follow-up in Henan Province were selected as the study objects. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood samples were collected to collect demographic information, ART, body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar of HIV-infected persons. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.Results:Among 4 023 HIV-infected patients, the prevalence rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were 64.47% (2 594/4 023), 16.80% (676/4 023), and 10.54% (424/4 023), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia was positively associated with ≥40 years of age, overweight and obesity, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + proteasome inhibitors (PIs) regimen and two NRTIs+ integrase inhibitor regimen, and negatively associated with low body weight. Hypertension was positively correlated with the age group ≥40 years old, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, overweight and obesity, ART time ≥0.5 years, and negatively correlated with low body weight. Diabetes was positively associated with age group ≥40 years, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight and obesity, and negatively associated with the use of two NRTIs+PIs treatment regimens.Conclusions:In 2023, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes among HIV-infected people in Henan Province was relatively high, and the risk of common chronic diseases among those ≥40 years old, overweight and obese, and those with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was also relatively high. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and management of common chronic diseases among HIV-infected people.

Amblyopia is a common visual development disorder and is the main cause of monocular vision impairment in children and adults. Photobiomodulation(PBM), a non-invasive treatment method, has gradually gained attention in the field of ophthalmology. This paper begins with the macroscopic manifestation of light on the animal model of amblyopia. Additionally, it discusses the pathological changes of the amblyopic retina and the human eye's central nervous system, as well as the influence and mechanism of PBM on the visual perception and processing system and its chemical effect on the visual system through dopamine and melatonin. It examines its mechanism of action, current clinical application status, and future development direction in order to provide new ideas and theoretical foundation for amblyopia treatment.

Objective:To analyze the implementation and effectiveness of standardized training for medical aesthetic practitioners in Guangdong province from 2015 to 2023.Methods:Training data from 2015 to 2023 were retrospectively collected from programs organized by the Guangdong Medical Association, including sessions in aesthetic surgery, dermatology, dentistry, traditional Chinese medicine, laser aesthetics, and injectable aesthetics. The training implementation was summarized. A random sample of 120 trainees was selected to complete a questionnaire to assess training outcomes.Results:A total of 45 offline standardized training sessions were held, covering both theoretical and practical instruction. The total training duration reached 180 days, involving 6 776 participant attendances. Aesthetic surgery accounted for the highest number (1 701 attendances), followed by aesthetic dermatology (1 197 attendances). Among specialized technical programs, laser aesthetics (1 708 attendances) and injectable aesthetics (1 578 attendances) had the most participants. Most trainees (5 705 attendances) were physicians from tertiary public general hospitals. A total of 116 questionnaires were collected, with 115 participants expressing satisfaction with the course content, teaching arrangement, and training materials. All trainees passed the skills assessment and received training certificates.Conclusions:The standardized training for medical aesthetic practitioners in Guangdong province from 2015 to 2023 has been well implemented and shows favorable outcomes. It contributes to improving the technical competence of professionals in the medical aesthetics field.

Objective:To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)com-bined with repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)on upper limb function and cortical excitability of stroke.Method:Thirty-five patients with upper limb dysfunction in stroke admitted to the Department of Rehabilita-tion Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from November 2021 to November 2022 were selected.They were randomly divided into experimental group(n=17)and control group(n=17).Both groups received conventional rehabilitation therapy and low-frequency rTMS.The experimental group re-ceived additional rPMS for the affected upper extremity extensors,while the control group received sham rPMS.Both groups received Fugl-Meyer assessment of the upper extremity(FMA-UE),modified Ashworth scale(MAS),modified Barthel index(MBI),rest motor threshold(rMT)assessments.23 patients underwent fNIRS to detect changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration(HbO2)in bilateral premotor and supplementary mo-tor cortex(PMC-SMA)and sensorimotor cortex(SMC)before and after treatment.Result:FMA-UE and MBI were significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),and the improvement of FMA-UE and the rMT of unaffected Ml were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the con-trol group after treatment(P＜0.05);the MAS grade of the flexor elbow group and Δ HbO2 of the affected SMC were significantly improved in the experimental group(P＜0.05),and the improvement of FMA-UE was correlated with the increase of the rMT of unaffected Ml and ΔHbO2 of the affected SMC(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference for the MAS grade of elbow extension and wrist flexion muscle groups,ΔHbO2 of bilateral PMC-SMA area,and ΔHbO2 of unaffected SMC area(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The combination of rTMS and rPMS improved upper limb function and activities of daily living and modulated cortical excitability in stroke patients,This combination was more effective than rTMS alone,likely due to the reduced excitability of the unaffected Ml and the activation of the affected SMC.

Establishing a harmonious relationship between the fixed restoration-tooth-periodontium (RTP) at the interface is crucial for achieving successful and long-lasting outcomes in esthetic zone restorations. This paper focuses on this core issue by elucidating the ideal RTP interface relationship, detailing a biological-esthetic dual-axis diagnostic classification for esthetic zone restorations based on RTP interface situation, and discussing clinical decision-making and treatment plans guided by this classification. Furthermore, specific strategies for managing the restoration margins in the esthetic zone are explored, emphasizing approaches that minimize adverse impact and enhance periodontal soft tissue protection on RTP interface in different diagnostic categories.