OBJECTIVE: To analyze four patients with a 16q22 fragile site with miscarriage or infertility by using cytogenetic methods. METHODS: Four patients presented at Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients and subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping, among whom two were also subjected to copy number variation (CNV) sequencing. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2020-022). RESULTS: The chromosomal karyotypes of the patients were mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[26]/47,XX,del(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[4]/46,XX,del(16)(q22)[3]/46,XX[91], mos 46,XY,fra(16)(q22)[21]/46,XY,del(16)(q22)[3]/46,XY[76], mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[21]/ 46,XX,del(16)(q22)[4]/46,XX[75] and mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[16]/46,XX,del(16)(q22)[7]/47,XX,del(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[6]/47,XX,fra(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[3]/46,XX[68], respectively. CNV sequencing of patients 2 and 4 revealed no deletion or duplication on chromosome 16. CONCLUSION Identification of the 16q22 fragile site has facilitated genetic counseling for these patients.
Humans ; Chromosome Fragile Sites/genetics* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics* ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics* ; Karyotyping

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules. METHODS Taking high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and evaporative light scattering detection as method， the fingerprint of 15 batches of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules was established， and similarity evaluation was performed by Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM （2012 edition） to determine common peaks. The common peaks were identified by comparing with reference substance chromatograms and single decoction piece chromatograms. Network pharmacology was used to screen out core targets and pathways of identified components， construct a “component-target-pathway” network diagram， and predict the pharmacodynamic components of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules， and the content determination of these components was carried out by the same method. RESULTS HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules were characterized with 40 common peaks， and 17 components including salvianolic acid B， astragaloside Ⅳ， notoginsenoside R1， and ginkgolide A were identified. Network pharmacology predicted that 17 components mainly acted on 97 core targets and 137 pathways to exert their pharmacological effect. Average contents of 13 bioactive components in 15 batches of samples were 0.126 8， 0.232 0， 0.073 8， 0.353 2， 3.620 2， 0.191 0， 0.333 3， 0.317 4， 0.785 0， 0.538 2， 0.460 0， 2.475 1 and 0.347 7 mg/g， including calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside， rosmarinic acid， formononetin， lithospermic acid， salvianolic acid B， ononin， ginsenoside Rb1， ginsenoside Rd， ginkgolide C， ginkgolide A， ginkgolide B， notoginsenoside R1， and astragaloside Ⅳ. CONCLUSIONS The established fingerprint of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules can reflect the overall characteristics of the preparation. The content determination method for its pharmacodynamic components， developed in combination with network pharmacology， is accurate， reliable， and exhibits good repeatability， making it suitable for evaluating the quality of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules.

Amblyopia is a common visual development disorder and is the main cause of monocular vision impairment in children and adults. Photobiomodulation(PBM), a non-invasive treatment method, has gradually gained attention in the field of ophthalmology. This paper begins with the macroscopic manifestation of light on the animal model of amblyopia. Additionally, it discusses the pathological changes of the amblyopic retina and the human eye's central nervous system, as well as the influence and mechanism of PBM on the visual perception and processing system and its chemical effect on the visual system through dopamine and melatonin. It examines its mechanism of action, current clinical application status, and future development direction in order to provide new ideas and theoretical foundation for amblyopia treatment.

Mental state is an important part of the normal life activities of the human body, and it is also the most external expression and the most easily obtained information of the physical condition. The normal activities of the mind depend on the normal operation of the viscera, qi, and blood, and are a unified whole that prospers together and suffers together. The theory of the five-spirit-viscera in the Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic revealed that the normal mental activities of the human body were dominated by the five internal organs, that is, the five internal organs were the body and the five spirits were the function. And it highlighted the viewpoint that the five internal organs store the spirits and are actually one. The heart governs the spirit and belongs to the four internal organs. On this basis, Synopsis of Golden Chamber used the internal organs to diagnose and treat mental diseases, integrating the theory of the five spirits into it, forming a unique method of diagnosis and treatment with the heart as the leading factor and regulating the qi and blood of the four internal organs. It identified the pathogenesis of diseases such as pathogenic crying, lily disease, and hysteria from five levels: heart deficiency and weak qi, heart-lung disharmony, heart-liver disharmony, the heart of the loss of the spleen nourishment, and disharmony between heart and kidney. The treatment was mainly to replenish the deficiency of the viscera and eliminate the pathogens, reflecting the characteristics of regulating the mind and calming the four internal organs. This unique view on diagnosis and treatment has profoundly influenced the diagnosis and treatment theories of mental illnesses by later doctors, and is of great significance to the current clinical treatment of such illnesses.

Objective:This study aims to develop a laboratory-based predictive model for early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) using baseline data collected at hospital admission.Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. Clinical and baseline laboratory test data from 502 patients with ACI admitted to the Department of Neurology at our hospital between January 1, 2022 and May 31, 2025. Of these patients, 313 were male and 189 were female, with a median age of 67 years (interquartile range: 58-73). Patients were classified into an END group and a non-END group according to the occurrence of END within 7 days of admission. Subsequently, using the caret package in R (version 4.4.2), the dataset was randomly divided into a training set ( n=351) and a validation set ( n=151) at a 7∶3 ratio, with END status as the stratification variable and a fixed random seed to ensure reproducibility. Following baseline characteristic comparisons between groups, these datasets were used for model development and validation, respectively. The differences in clinical indicators between the two patients groups were assessed using the chi-square test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test. In the training group, Lasso regression was utilized to identify variables significantly associated with END. Seven machine learning algorithms-decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression (LR)-were employed to develop predictive models. The optimal hyperparameters were determined via grid search integrated with 5-fold cross-validation. The final algorithm was selected based on comprehensive model performance evaluation. Additionally, clinical data of 79 patients with ACI, collected between June 1 to August 31, 2025, were compiled as an independent test set for external validation. The cohort comprised 49 males and 30 females, with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range: 57-72). The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was employed to access feature importance and model interpretability. SHAP dependence plots and interaction plots were utilized to emplore the nonlinear relationships and interaction effects among the featurevariables. Results:Among the 502 patients, 166 experienced END during 7 days of hospitalization. Lasso regression identified nine significant predictors: history of hyperlipidemia, admission NIHSS score, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), hemoglobin, D-dimer, albumin, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), homocysteine (HCY), and vitamin B12. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the seven machine learning models ranged from 0.709 to 0.946. The XGB model achieved the highest predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.946 (95% CI 0.924-0.960) in the training cohort and 0.867 (95% CI 0.902-0.933) in the validation cohort. SHAP analysis revealed that the top five variables contributing to END prediction were admission NIHSS score, HCY, D-dimer, history of hyperlipidemia, and vitamin B12. Conclusion:This study successfully developed a laboratory-based prediction model for END using the XGB machine learning algorithm, which demonstrated strong predictive performance.

Objective:To analyze the implementation and effectiveness of standardized training for medical aesthetic practitioners in Guangdong province from 2015 to 2023.Methods:Training data from 2015 to 2023 were retrospectively collected from programs organized by the Guangdong Medical Association, including sessions in aesthetic surgery, dermatology, dentistry, traditional Chinese medicine, laser aesthetics, and injectable aesthetics. The training implementation was summarized. A random sample of 120 trainees was selected to complete a questionnaire to assess training outcomes.Results:A total of 45 offline standardized training sessions were held, covering both theoretical and practical instruction. The total training duration reached 180 days, involving 6 776 participant attendances. Aesthetic surgery accounted for the highest number (1 701 attendances), followed by aesthetic dermatology (1 197 attendances). Among specialized technical programs, laser aesthetics (1 708 attendances) and injectable aesthetics (1 578 attendances) had the most participants. Most trainees (5 705 attendances) were physicians from tertiary public general hospitals. A total of 116 questionnaires were collected, with 115 participants expressing satisfaction with the course content, teaching arrangement, and training materials. All trainees passed the skills assessment and received training certificates.Conclusions:The standardized training for medical aesthetic practitioners in Guangdong province from 2015 to 2023 has been well implemented and shows favorable outcomes. It contributes to improving the technical competence of professionals in the medical aesthetics field.

OBJECTIVE To standardize the strategies for prevention and control of Chikungunya(CHIK)in healthcare in-stitutions so as to reduce the risk of transmission in the institutions.METHODS A working group comprising the ex-perts in hospital infection control,infectious diseases,and microbiology systematically reviewed domestic and international evidence and current guidelines,integrated China's vector ecology and healthcare realities,conducted two rounds of Delphi to achieve expert consensus,and graded the evidence and recommendation strength using the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine system.RESULTS The consensus issues 18 actionable recommendations on triage,patient mosquito-proof isolation,integrated vector control,protection of susceptible populations,environmental cleaning and disinfection,specimen management,medical textile handling,and outbreak emergency response,with each statement assigned an evi-dence level and recommendation strength.CONCLUSION This consensus is for the first time in China to provide evidence-graded strategies for control of CHIK in healthcare institutions,offering work flow-oriented,implementable guidance for clinicians,laboratorians,and infection-control personnel under different risk scenarios and enhancing the comprehensive coping capacity of the healthcare institutions.

Objective:To understand the prevalence and related factors of three common chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes in HIV-infected persons.Methods:As of December 2023, HIV-infected persons >15 years old who are receiving antiviral therapy (ART) and follow-up in Henan Province were selected as the study objects. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood samples were collected to collect demographic information, ART, body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar of HIV-infected persons. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.Results:Among 4 023 HIV-infected patients, the prevalence rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were 64.47% (2 594/4 023), 16.80% (676/4 023), and 10.54% (424/4 023), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia was positively associated with ≥40 years of age, overweight and obesity, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + proteasome inhibitors (PIs) regimen and two NRTIs+ integrase inhibitor regimen, and negatively associated with low body weight. Hypertension was positively correlated with the age group ≥40 years old, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, overweight and obesity, ART time ≥0.5 years, and negatively correlated with low body weight. Diabetes was positively associated with age group ≥40 years, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight and obesity, and negatively associated with the use of two NRTIs+PIs treatment regimens.Conclusions:In 2023, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes among HIV-infected people in Henan Province was relatively high, and the risk of common chronic diseases among those ≥40 years old, overweight and obese, and those with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was also relatively high. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and management of common chronic diseases among HIV-infected people.

The theory of"conjunction of annual and seasonal energies"is a core component of five evolutive phases and six climatic factors theory.Its formation integrates ancient astronomy-calendars,five-element philosophy,and clinical practice.This study,through textual research and theoretical analysis,reveals that it originated from the pre-Qin period five-element triple combination theory,with The Inner Canon of Huangdi as its theoretical foundation.Integrating the"twelve palaces of longevity"and"twelve months"systems from classics like Rishu and Huainanzi,it constructs a five-element periodic model framed by"growth,prosperity,and tomb."This theory simulates the process of qi's growth,flourishing,aging,and death via the twelve palaces of five-element longevity.Through the spatiotemporal connection between earthly branch triple combinations(e.g.,yin-wu-xu fire combination,shen-zi-chen water combination)and the twelve months,it explains climatic cycles and changes in human qi activity.In clinical application,it corresponds structurally to the"opening-closing-pivoting"theory of three yin and three yang,offering new ideas for qi regulation.It has also derived the"earthly branch triple combination"acupuncture methods:for postherpetic neuralgia,it uses shen-zi-chen water combination and yin-wu-xu fire combination with five-shu point,regulating heart and kidney via reinforcing-reducing techniques.In heavenly stem-earthly branch auricular therapy,it builds a three-dimensional"auricular position-viscera-five evolutive phases and six climatic factors"regulatory model centered on five-element triple combinations.For children with bronchial asthma in remission,it applies earth combination auricular points to reinforce earth to generate metal,combined with five evolutive phases and six climatic factors characteristics for individualized intervention.This theory deepens the holistic medical view of"correspondence between human body and natural environment"and provides new perspectives and methods for traditional Chinese medicine chronomedicine and syndrome differentiation.

Objective:To explore immunoregulatory function of long non-coding RNA Gm26688 on macrophages RAW264.7,macrophages stimulated by LPS were treated with Chinese giant salamander(CGS)collagen peptides to explore role of Gm26688 in mechanism of CGS collagen peptides in regulating inflammatory reflection.Methods:Gm26688 sequence was cloned by RT-PCR,Gm26688 localization in macrophage was analyzed by RNA-FISH;qRT-PCR was performed to detect expressions of Gm26688 and inflammatory factors after LPS and CGS bone collagen peptides treatment;expression of Gm26688 was silenced by small interfering RNA(siRNA),and qRT-PCR was used to detect effects of LPS and CGS bone collagen peptides on expression of inflammatory factors after Gm26688 interference;Western blot was used to detect protein expression of NF-κB p65 and its phosphorylation level.Results:LPS significantly promoted expression of Gm26688.RT-PCR amplified Gm26688 sequence,and RNA-FISH showed that Gm26688 was mainly expressed in nucleus.CGS bone collagen peptides inhibited expression of Gm26688 induced by LPS,and<3 kD CGS bone collagen peptides had the most significant inhibitory effect on Gm26688.CGS bone collagen peptides(<3 kD)significantly inhibited LPS-induced expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1β.Interference of Gm26688 significantly down-regulated expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS or LPS+CGS bone collagen peptides-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.Western blot results showed that CGS bone collagen peptides down-regulated level of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation through Gm26688.Conclu-sion:CGS bone collagen peptides inhibit LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells via Gm26688/NF-κB pathway.