Objective:To assess the emotional characteristics, specifically anxiety and depression, in children with vertigo and their association with the subtypes of vertigo.Methods:This retrospective analysis was conducted on 189 children (103 male and 86 female children; age, 7-14 years; median, 10 years) who visited the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University, between February 2021 and February 2024, with complaints of dizziness or vertigo. The participants comprised 44 children with recurrent vertigo, 127 with vestibular migraine, and 18 with possible vestibular migraine (PVMC). The participants′ demographic and clinical data were collected, and emotional assessments, including anxiety and depression, were performed. Anxiety was assessed using the Children′s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, while depression was assessed using the Children′s Self-Rating Depression Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0 software to compare the clinical characteristics and correlations of anxiety and depression in children with vertigo.Results:Overall, 48.7% (92/189) of children with vertigo had anxiety, and 34.9% (66/189) had depression, indicating that anxiety was more prevalent than depression. Additionally, children in all groups had varying degrees of emotional problems. In the vestibular migraine group, 52.0% (66/127) had anxiety, while 36.2% (46/127) had depression. In the recurrent vertigo group, 38.6% (17/44) had anxiety and 31.8% (14/44) had depression. In the PVMC group comprising 18 children, 9 had anxiety while 6 had depression. Overall, the proportion of children with anxiety was higher than that of those with depression in all the groups; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (anxiety score, U=0.877, P=0.645; depression score, U=0.524, P=0.770). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between anxiety scores and depression scores in the recurrent vertigo group, vestibular migraine group, and PVMC group ( r=0.71, P=0.012; r=0.59, P<0.001; r=0.70, P=0.001, respectively). Conclusion:Children with common vertigo have emotional problems, including anxiety and depression, which should be considered during diagnosis and treatment.

To investigate the therapeutic effects of ZLY16, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β agonist, on Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), C57BL/10ScSnJGpt-Dmdem3Cd4/Gpt (mdx) mice were gavaged with 30 mg/kg ZLY16 for 6 weeks. Expression of proteins associated with muscle regeneration, exercise ability, blood lipids content and skeletal muscle damage in mdx mice were investigated by behavioral experiments, histopathology, blood biochemical analysis, immunofluorescence and Western blot. A high-fat-induced myoblast differentiation inhibition model was established to examine lipid content and myoblast differentiation-related protein expression in myoblasts using Nile Red staining, immunofluorescence and Western blot. The results demonstrated that ZLY16 increased muscle grip strength, reduced triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels, attenuated muscle fiber necrosis, fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration, and promoted muscle regeneration in mdx mice. ZLY16 promoted myoblast differentiation and myotube fusion in vitro by reducing lipid accumulation in murine skeletal muscle myoblast line (C2C12) cells. These findings suggest that ZLY16 improves motor function in mdx mice by decreasing lipid accumulation and promoting muscle regeneration.

With the rapid development of population aging in various countries around the world,the health and elderly care industry has been paid high attention.The standardization of smart health and elderly care technology and services is particularly important.This paper firstly reviewed the policies related to healthy elderly care in China.By analyzing the industrial standards and provincial standards issued,this paper focused on the policies proposed by the Shanghai Municipal Government for the standardization of smart health and elderly care,as well as the researches on the standard system and the construction of standard families.Shanghai group standards in the field of smart health and elderly care were summarized,including the guidelines for the construction of standard systems,elderly care service platforms,community elderly cafeterias,portable health monitoring terminals,indoor sports services,and home-based elderly care safety monitoring.A series of case analyses of the standardized implementation of the above aspects were also provided.Through standardization research and practice in recent years,it has been fully demonstrated that the standard research plays an important leading role in the field of smart health and elderly care.

Objective:To assess the emotional characteristics, specifically anxiety and depression, in children with vertigo and their association with the subtypes of vertigo.Methods:This retrospective analysis was conducted on 189 children (103 male and 86 female children; age, 7-14 years; median, 10 years) who visited the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University, between February 2021 and February 2024, with complaints of dizziness or vertigo. The participants comprised 44 children with recurrent vertigo, 127 with vestibular migraine, and 18 with possible vestibular migraine (PVMC). The participants′ demographic and clinical data were collected, and emotional assessments, including anxiety and depression, were performed. Anxiety was assessed using the Children′s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, while depression was assessed using the Children′s Self-Rating Depression Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0 software to compare the clinical characteristics and correlations of anxiety and depression in children with vertigo.Results:Overall, 48.7% (92/189) of children with vertigo had anxiety, and 34.9% (66/189) had depression, indicating that anxiety was more prevalent than depression. Additionally, children in all groups had varying degrees of emotional problems. In the vestibular migraine group, 52.0% (66/127) had anxiety, while 36.2% (46/127) had depression. In the recurrent vertigo group, 38.6% (17/44) had anxiety and 31.8% (14/44) had depression. In the PVMC group comprising 18 children, 9 had anxiety while 6 had depression. Overall, the proportion of children with anxiety was higher than that of those with depression in all the groups; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (anxiety score, U=0.877, P=0.645; depression score, U=0.524, P=0.770). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between anxiety scores and depression scores in the recurrent vertigo group, vestibular migraine group, and PVMC group ( r=0.71, P=0.012; r=0.59, P<0.001; r=0.70, P=0.001, respectively). Conclusion:Children with common vertigo have emotional problems, including anxiety and depression, which should be considered during diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the disease composition, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment characteristics of vertigo in children.Methods:A total of 120 children with vertigo diagnosed and treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children′s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics in Beijing from February 2018 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to explore the clinical characteristics of common peripheral vertigo in children and to summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment.Results:The etiological composition of 120 cases of vertigo in children are as follows: 63 (52.5%) cases of vestibular migraine of childhood (VMC), 19 (15.8%) of recurrent vertigo of childhood (RVC), 11 (9.2%) of probable vestibular migraine of childhood (PVMC), 10 (8.3%) of secretory otitis media (SOM), 6 (5.0%) of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD), 4 (3.3%) of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), 2 (1.7%) of vestibular neuritis (VN), 2 (1.7%) of Meniere′s disease (MD), 2 (1.7%) of inner ear malformation (IEM), and 1 (0.8%) of vestibular paroxysmal syndrome (VP).The major cause of vertigo in children of different ages was different. SOM was the most important cause in preschool children, followed by RVC and VMC; VMC was the most important cause in school-age children, followed by RVC; and MD and BPPV were exclusive found in adolescents. The incidence rate of PPPD was higher in adolescents than in preschool and school-age children. Children with vertigo had good prognosis in general.Conclusions:VMC, RVC and SOM are the most common causes in vertigo in children, and their proportion was different in different aged children. Transforming abstract feelings into specific information is the skill required for collecting medical history of children with vertigo. Considering the age and cooperation of children, appropriate hearing and vestibular examination techniques are recommended. We should pay more attention to the mental health of children with vertigo and their parents.

Estrogen receptors are steroid receptors, widely distributed in skeletal muscle, liver and other tissues.Currently, there are 5 known estrogen receptors.Different estrogen receptors are distributed in different places and have different functions.By mediating different estrogen receptors, estrogen plays an important role in anti-inflammation, promoting proliferation and inhibiting muscle atrophy.Skeletal muscle is the main tissue in the human body, accounting for about 40% of body weight.Skeletal muscle not only plays the role of exercise and support, but also plays an important role in maintaining the body′s metabolism.In recent years, estrogen receptors have received extensive attention in skeletal muscle diseases.Estrogen receptors are considered as potential targets for the treatment of skeletal muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD)and myotubular myopathy(MTM). This article reviews the research progress of estrogen receptors in skeletal muscle diseases.

Objective To explore the effects of two methods of air-impact on clearing the subglottic secretion in patients with intubation.Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 106 patients underwent mechanical ventilation through oral tracheal intubation in intensive medicine department from September 2016 to October 2017.The recruited patients were divided into two groups by the random number table,53 patients in Group A were treated with breath-holding key of a ventilator,combined with air-bag inflation and deflation,and 53 patients in Group B were treated with simple breathing apparatus combined with manual technique to clear subglottic secretion.The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),amount of cleared subglottic secretions,difference of vital signs before and after operation,number of coughing,in vitro training time and operation time were compared between groups.Results The intention-to-treat ana]ysis(ITT) showed that the incidence of VAP in Group A and B were 7.55％ and 5.66％,the per-protocol analysis(PP) showed that the incidence of VAP in Group A and B were 3.92％ and 3.85％,and there was no significant difference between groups(P＞0.05);the amount of cleared subglottic secretions in two groups were (8.31±0.82) ml,(7.97±1.12)ml,and there was no significant difference (P＞ 0.05);but vital signs before and after operation,number of coughing,in vitro training time and operation time in Group A were lower than those in Group B,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Two methods of air-impact can both effectively reduce the incidence of VAP,but using breath-holding key of a ventilator combined with airbag inflation and deflation has less influence on vital signs,which patients can better tolerate and medical staff can master and cooperate more easily.

PurposeThere is a certain correlation between parameters of CT perfusion imaging and pathological type and angiogenesis in lung cancer, in order to discuss the value of CT perfusion imaging parameters such as blood volume (BV), blood flow (BF), time to peak (TTP) and peak enhancement image (PEI) for prognosis, this study is designed to observe the relationship between the parameters of CT perfusion imaging and micro lymphovascular density (MLVD) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and Methods 100 patients were enrolled in the study, all of them underwent CT perfusion imaging and 60 were diagnosed NSCLC by pathology, immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the expressions of MLVD of the 60 NSCLC, and the correlation analyses were carried out to determine the relationship between CT perfusion imaging and MLVD.Results The expression of MLVD was the most in the peripheral tissue of cancer (25.16±1.28), the next in the cancer tissue (16.38±3.58), and the least in the normal lung tissue (7.56±4.38), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was positive correlation between MLVD with BF and BV of the tumor (r=0.643 and 0.598, P<0.01).Conclusion Some parameters of CT perfusion imaging are correlated with MLVD, the invasion and metastasis in lung carcinoma can be predicted to some extent according to this correlation. Parameters of CT perfusion imaging such as BF and BV are correlated with MLVD in patients with NSCLC, thus can be used to predict the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the relationship of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)and the mi-crovessel density (MVD)with multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging.Methods 80 patients with solitary pulmonary nodules under-went perfusion scan by 16-slice spiral CT.Among them,45 diagnosed as lung cancer by pathology were enrolled in the study.After surgery,the slice of the pecimen was selected similar to the corresponding slice of CT images,and the immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the expression of VEGF and the MVD.Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the rela-tionship of expression of VEGF and the MVD with CT perfusion parameters.Results There was more expression of VEGF and the MVD in NSCLC.There were positive correlations between VEGF,MVD and BF (both P<0.05).The peak enhancement image (PEI)and TTP have significant correlations with MVD (P<0.05).Conclusion Some parameters of lung CT perfusion imaging are correlated with MVD and VEGF.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and the effect of therapy on cutaneous emphysema of chest wall and/or pneumomediastinum complicated in severe acute triphosgene poisoning patients.Methods Among 81 triphosgene poisoning patients,5 complicated with cutaneousemphysema of chest wall and/or pneumomediastinum were analyzed in respect of the clinical data including age,gender,arterial blood gas (ABG),modes of mechanical ventilation support and so on.Results Five patients consisting of 3 males and 2 females,aged (23.20 ± 5.17) years,were complicated with cutaneous emphysema of chest wall and/or pneumomediastium with a prevalence rate of 0.06％.Of them,4 were alleviated completely and 1 died of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).There was no significant difference in arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) between patients with cutaneousemphysema and/or pneumomediastinum and patients without ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Triphosgene-induced acute lung injury treated with mechanical ventilation support with high PEEP is highly suggested as high risk factor for the formation of cutaneous emphysema of chest wall and/or pneumomediastinum in severe acute Triphosgene poisoning patients.It is very important to set the PEEP level of mechanical ventilation support as low as possible for avoidance of alveolar rupture.