Objective To assess the current state and influencing factors of multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among front-line employees in the assembly workshop of an automobile manufacturing enterprise. Methods A total of 394 front-line workers in the assembly workshop of an automobile manufacturing enterprise in Beijing City were selected as the research subjects using the judgmental sampling method. The Chinese version Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to assess the presence of WMSDs over the past 12 months in nine body regions: neck, shoulders, upper back, lower back, elbows, wrists, hips and thighs, knees, ankles and feet. The multivariable logistic regression was employed to investigate the influencing factors. Results The detection rate of overall WMSDs was 32.7% (129/394), with the top three single-site WMSDs being in the neck, shoulders, and lower back, and their detection rates were 14.0%, 12.7% and 9.6%, respectively. The detection rate of multi-site WMSDs was 17.8% (70/394). The result of multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that workers who turned or bent their upper body while keeping their legs stationary, frequently performed wrist flexion/extension/lateral bending/rotation, or stood for prolonged period of time had significantly higher risks of developing multi-site WMSDs compared with those who did not (all P<0.05). Workers who perceived uncomfortable workplace lighting had higher risk of multi-site WMSDs than those who perceived it as comfortable (P<0.01). Conclusion The development of multi-site WMSDs among workers in the assembly workshop of this automobile manufacturing enterprise is strongly related to poor working postures at work.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) in occupational motor vehicle drivers.Methods:In January 2024, a cluster sampling method was used to study 606 occupational motor vehicle drivers from a transportation service enterprise in Beijing who completed occupational health examination in 2023 in Peking University Third Hospital as observation group and 596 non-occupational motor vehicle drivers as control group. The data of personal history, occupational history, blood pressure and ECG were collected, and the effects of occupational motor vehicle driving on hypertension and ECG were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results:The age of workers in the observation group was (34.1±7.8) years old, and the length of service was (7.0±7.1) years. The age of the control group was (33.8±7.6) years old, and the working age was (7.7±6.5) years. There was no significant difference in age and length of service between the two groups ( t=0.62, -1.90, P=0.538, 0.057). Systolic blood pressure (133.0±14.7) mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (83.7±11.6) mmHg, hypertension detection rate of 33.0% (200/606), ECG abnormality detection rate of 39.9% (242/606). They were significantly higher than those in the control group [ (127.8±14.4) mmHg, (77.5±11.0) mmHg, 24.7% (147/596), 31.0% (185/596) ], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that occupational motor vehicle driving were risk factors for hypertension and abnormal ECG ( OR= 1.210, 1.578; 95% CI: 1.145-1.231, 1.237-2.012; P<0.001) . Conclusion:Occupational motor vehicle driving may increase the risk of hypertension and abnormal ECG in workers.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) in occupational motor vehicle drivers.Methods:In January 2024, a cluster sampling method was used to study 606 occupational motor vehicle drivers from a transportation service enterprise in Beijing who completed occupational health examination in 2023 in Peking University Third Hospital as observation group and 596 non-occupational motor vehicle drivers as control group. The data of personal history, occupational history, blood pressure and ECG were collected, and the effects of occupational motor vehicle driving on hypertension and ECG were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results:The age of workers in the observation group was (34.1±7.8) years old, and the length of service was (7.0±7.1) years. The age of the control group was (33.8±7.6) years old, and the working age was (7.7±6.5) years. There was no significant difference in age and length of service between the two groups ( t=0.62, -1.90, P=0.538, 0.057). Systolic blood pressure (133.0±14.7) mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (83.7±11.6) mmHg, hypertension detection rate of 33.0% (200/606), ECG abnormality detection rate of 39.9% (242/606). They were significantly higher than those in the control group [ (127.8±14.4) mmHg, (77.5±11.0) mmHg, 24.7% (147/596), 31.0% (185/596) ], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that occupational motor vehicle driving were risk factors for hypertension and abnormal ECG ( OR= 1.210, 1.578; 95% CI: 1.145-1.231, 1.237-2.012; P<0.001) . Conclusion:Occupational motor vehicle driving may increase the risk of hypertension and abnormal ECG in workers.

Objective To analyze the development trends and hot topics in the field of phosgene poisoning research in China. Methods The China National Knowledge Infrastructure was used as the retrieval source to search for academic literature on phosgene poisoning published in Chinese journals from the database's inception to December 31, 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R6 software was used for bibliometric analysis and visualization. Results A total of 334 articles were included for analysis. The earliest literature was published in 1982, with publication peaks occurring in 2004-2005 and 2011, followed by a gradual decline in publications after 2013. Authors from 221 research institutions published related literature in 133 kinds of Chinese journals. There were 19 core authors with three or more publications, and some of these core authors formed relatively stable research teams. Grants were covered 32.0% of the literature, and case reports and articles accounted for 89.2% of the literature, with “pulmonary edema” being the earliest and most prominent keyword. Conclusion The field of phosgene poisoning research in China has achieved some progress, particularly in studies related to the mechanisms of pulmonary edema and lung injury. However, there is a need to enhance collaboration among research institutions, deepen research efforts, and improve the quality of scientific research outcomes.

Programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) play pivotal roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and a crucial link in tumour immune evasion. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have achieved significant efficacy in many cancer immunotherapy, but the effect in the treatment of pancreatic cancer is limited, and the effect of monotherapy is suboptimal. The combined therapeatic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy were explored. This article summarises the advancements in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combination therapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects of salidroside (Sal) on mitochondrial autophagy in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) rats by modulating the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/E3 ubiquitin ligase (Parkin) signaling pathway. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-dose Sal group, high-dose Sal group, mitochondrial autophagy inhibitor (Mdivi-1) group and high-dose Sal + Mdivi-1 group, with five rats in each group. The ICM rat model was established. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd) and left ventricular end-systolic diameters (LVIDs) were analyzed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe pathological changes in myocardial tissue, and transmission electron microscopy was used to examine mitochondrial structure. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin1, p62, PINK1 and Parkin in myocardial tissue. Results Compared with the control group, the model group showed more severe myocardial tissue and mitochondrial damage. The LVEF, LVFS, SOD and p62 levels in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the LVIDd, LVIDs, LDH, cTnI, CK, NT-proBNP, ROS, MDA, LC3II/LC3I, Beclin1, PINK1 and Parkin levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the low-dose and high-dose Sal groups exhibited reduced myocardial and mitochondrial damage. The LVEF, LVFS, SOD, LC3II/LC3I, Beclin1, PINK1 and Parkin levels in the low-dose and high-dose Sal groups were significantly higher than those in the model group, while the LVIDd, LVIDs, LDH, cTnI, CK, NT-proBNP, ROS, MDA and p62 levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the Mdivi-1 group showed more severe myocardial and mitochondrial damage. The LVEF, LVFS, SOD, LC3II/LC3I, Beclin1, PINK1 and Parkin levels in the Mdivi-1 group were significantly lower than those in the model group, while the LVIDd, LVIDs, LDH, cTnI, CK, NT-proBNP, ROS, MDA and p62 levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Compared with the low-dose Sal group, the high-dose Sal group demonstrated further improvement in myocardial and mitochondrial damage. The LVEF, LVFS, SOD, LC3II/LC3I, Beclin1, PINK1 and Parkin levels in the high-dose Sal group were significantly higher than those in the low-dose Sal group, while the LVIDd, LVIDs, LDH, cTnI, CK, NT-proBNP, ROS, MDA and p62 levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05). Mdivi-1 significantly inhibited mitochondrial autophagy and suppressed the activation of the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway and the improvement in cardiac function induced by Sal (P < 0.05). Conclusion Sal may improve myocardial injury in ICM rats by activating the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway and promoting mitochondrial autophagy.

Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is widely used in clinical practice due to its precise efficacy, high safety and low invasiveness. BTX-A injections may cause some common complications, such as unnatural expression, brow deformity, ptosis, diplopia, and, rarely, allergic reactions, dysphagia, and dyspnea. There are reports in the literature that visual loss can also occur after injection, and although there are very few relevant reports, this should also attract sufficient attention from clinicians. To this end, the authors reviewed the relevant literature in recent years and reviewed the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and treatment method of vision loss caused by BTX-A injection.

Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is widely used in clinical practice due to its precise efficacy, high safety and low invasiveness. BTX-A injections may cause some common complications, such as unnatural expression, brow deformity, ptosis, diplopia, and rare allergic reactions, dysphagia, and dyspnea. There are reports in the literature that visual loss can also occur after injection, and although there are very few relevant reports, clinicians should pay enough attention on it. To this end, the authors reviewed the relevant literature in recent years and reviewed the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and treatment method of vision loss caused by BTX-A injection.

Objective:To analyze the audiology and occupational health data of applicants diagnosed of occupational noise deafness, and to explore the influencing factors in the diagnosis of suspected occupational noise deafness.Methods:In May 2022, the information of patients diagnosed with occupational noise deafness in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 was collected, and the occupational health data of their working environment, clinical audiological examination results and diagnosis basis of occupational noise deafness were collected and analyzed. Multi-factor unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze independent risk factors for the diagnosis of occupational noise deafness.Results:A total of 129 subjects were included, all of which were suspected cases of occupational noise deafness found in various occupational health examination institutions. Eight cases (6.20%) were diagnosed as occupational noise deafness, and 121 cases (93.80%) were non-occupational noise deafness. After hearing examination, only 27.27% (24/88) of the patients' audiological changes were consistent with the starting point of occupational noise deafness diagnosis. Further analysis of the noise intensity in the workplace showed that 16 patients were identified as non-occupational noise deafness because the noise intensity of the working environment was less than 85 dB. Logistic regression analysis showed that the working hours were more than 8 hours ( OR=9.274, 95% CI: 1.388-61.950, P=0.022) and the noise intensity of the working environment ( OR=1.189, 95% CI: 1.059-1.334, P=0.003) were independent risk factors for the diagnosis of occupational noise deafness. Conclusion:The exclusion rate of suspected occupational noise deafness found in occupational health examination is higher after adequate rest. The test results of working environment noise intensity provided by the employer can help to determine occupational noise deafness.

Pneumoconiosis is the occupational disease with the highest burden in China currently. The diagnosis of pneumoconiosis mainly relies on manual reading of X-ray high-kilovoltage or digital photography chest radiograph, which has some problems such as low efficiency, strong subjectivity, and cannot accurately judge the critical lesions. With the progress of machine-aided diagnosis technology, the efficient, objective and quantitative of artificial intelligence diagnosis technology just solve the shortcomings above. This paper reviews the research progress in digital chest radiography diagnosis of pneumoconiosis using artificial intelligence technology, especially deep learning model, combined with the limitations of conventional manual reading, in order to clarify the application prospect of artificial intelligence technology in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis by digital chest radiography, and provide a direction for future research in this field.