【Objective】 To investigate the development of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for promoting the development of adaptability in young children. 【Methods】 Data were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children in China, and 3 319 children aged 2 - 6 and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study.The Development Scale for Children Aged 0 - 6 years (WS/T 580-2017) was used to measure the developmental quotient of children′s adaptive ability, and a survey questionnaire was used to collect relevant information about children and their parents. 【Results】 Among 3 319 children aged 2 - 6, the proportion of slightly low or low level of adaptability, moderate adaptability development, good and excellent adaptability development was 7.68%,66.25% and 26.06%, respectively.The proportion of children aged 5 - 6 with good and excellent adaptability was lower in 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups (χ²=59.29, P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that children′s gender (β=0.06), gestational age of birth (β=-0.05), only child (β=-0.04), left-behind child (β=-0.04), the main caregiver (β=-0.06), and the education level of parents (β=0.09, 0.10), whether parents actively pay attention to children′s emotions (β=-0.06) and whether children play with homemade toys (β=-0.04) were the influencing factors of children′s adaptive development quotient.Girls, full-term children, only children, non-left-behind children, children with parents as main caregivers, parents with a high level of education, parents who often take the initiative to pay attention to children′s emotions, and children who play with homemade toys had a higher level of adaptability development quotient. 【Conclusions】 The development level of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6 in China is mostly above the average level and is related to multiple factors.Targeted intervention work can be carried out on relevant factors in order to promote the development of children′s adaptability.

[Purpose]To analyze the death causes of malignant tumor among residents in Qinghai Province from 2017 to 2021.[Methods]The death cause surveillance data and resident popula-tion data in Qinghai Province from 2017 to 2021 were collected.The crude mortality rate(CMR),age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASMRC),composition of death,rank of cause of death were analyzed by Excel 2021 and SPSS 21.0 software.[Results]From 2017 to 2021,the CMR of all cancers of residents in Qinghai Province was 89.64/105,the ASMRC was 103.17/105.The cancer mortality rate of males was higher than that of females.The mortality rate of stomach cancer ranked the first,and followed by liver cancer,lung cancer,esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer.The top 10 cancer deaths accounted for 83.73％of all cancer deaths.Mortality increased with age,there were significant differences in cancer mortality rate among age groups.The cancer mortality rate was highest in pastoral areas,followed by rural areas and urban areas.The ranking of cancer deaths varied in different areas.Stomach cancer was the leading cause of death in rural and pastoral areas,while lung cancer was the leading cause in ur-ban areas.[Conclusion]The mortality rates of stomach,liver and lung cancers are high in Qinghai Province.The targeted and comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be taken ac-cording to the epidemic characteristics of malignant tumors in different regions and populations.

BACKGROUND: Long-term remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been proven to be beneficial in multiple diseases, such as cerebral and cardiovascular diseases. However, the hyperacute and acute effects of a single RIC stimulus are still not clear. Quantitative proteomic analyses of plasma proteins following RIC application have been conducted in preclinical and clinical studies but exhibit high heterogeneity in results due to wide variations in experimental setups and sampling procedures. Hence, this study aimed to explore the immediate effects of RIC on plasma proteome in healthy young adults to exclude confounding factors of disease entity, such as medications and gender. METHODS: Young healthy male participants were enrolled after a systematic physical examination and 6-month lifestyle observation. Individual RIC sessions included five cycles of alternative ischemia and reperfusion, each lasting for 5 min in bilateral forearms. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 5 min after RIC, and 2 h after RIC, and then samples were processed for proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. RESULTS: Proteins related to lipid metabolism (e.g., Apolipoprotein F), coagulation factors (hepatocyte growth factor activator preproprotein), members of complement cascades (mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 isoform 2 precursor), and inflammatory responses (carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain precursor) were differentially altered at their serum levels following the RIC intervention. The most enriched pathways were protein glycosylation and complement/coagulation cascades. CONCLUSIONS One-time RIC stimulus may induce instant cellular responses like anti-inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis balancing, and lipid metabolism regulation which are protective in different perspectives. Protective effects of single RIC in hyperacute and acute phases may be exploited in clinical emergency settings due to apparently beneficial alterations in plasma proteome profile. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of long-term (repeated) RIC interventions in preventing chronic cardiovascular diseases among general populations can also be expected based on our study findings.
Young Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Proteome ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Proteomics ; Ischemia ; Blood Coagulation

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a class of cells with self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenic potential in tumors. It is currently believed that the resistance of CSCs to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is an important cause of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Researchers have found that related factors in many signaling pathways endow CSCs with the ability to adapt to changes in the microenvironment, including inflammatory factors, hypoxia, low pH, and a lack of nutrients. In recent years, the mechanism of CSCs' resistance to therapy has been studied, mainly including the drug efflux mediated by the ATP-binding cassette transporter, the effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity on tumor stem cells, the enhancement of DNA damage repair and degradation of reactive oxygen species, autophagy, activation of development-related pathways, stimulation of the microenvironment, and EMT. The targeting strategies for CSCs include targeting signaling pathway inhibitors, targeting multidrug resistance, DNA damage repair, ALDH, targeting the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy, etc. In this review, the research progress in CSCs treatment resistance and related treatment strategies was reviewed.

Objective To investigate the correlation between quantitative parameters derived from iodine overlay images and the monochromatic images of dual‐energy CT and the differentiation degree of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LHSCC). Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of eighty patients with different differentiation degree of LHSCC who underwent dual‐energy CT enhanced scan in the arterial and venous phase from March 2016 to January 2017 (20, 42 and 18 patients with well, moderately and poorly differentiation, respectively) was performed.Among them, twenty‐eight cases were stage T1, twenty‐four cases were stage T2, twenty cases were stage T3 and eight cases were stage T4. All patients were not treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy before operation. Iodine overlay images and the monochromatic images of arterial and venous phases were acquired from Syngo MultiModality Workplace dual‐energy post‐processing software of Siemens, respectively. The mean iodine concentration (IC), standardized iodine concentration (SIC), and the slope of spectral curve(λ) of different differentiation degrees of LHSCC were calculated and compared. The correlation between quantitative parameters of LHSCC and its differentiation degree was performed by Spearman rank sum test. One‐way analysis of variance was used to compare the quantitative parameters of different differentiation degree of LHSCC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for analyzing diagnostic efficiency. Results The IC, SIC, and λ in the arterial phase, and IC in the venous phase correlated positively with differentiation degree in LHSCC (r=0.258, 0.350, 0.262 and 0.275, respectively; P<0.05) in this group. The IC, SIC, and λ of poorly differentiated LHSCC in the arterial phase [(3.13 ± 0.54) mg/ml, (0.38±0.10), (5.40±0.92)] were higher than those of well differentiated LHSCC [(2.38±1.02) mg/ml, (0.25± 0.09) and (4.19 ± 1.18); t=2.73, 3.36 and 2.75 respectively; P<0.05] and moderately differentiated LHSCC [(2.56±0.85) mg/ml, (0.28±0.16) and (4.56±1.41); t=2.38, 3.06 and 2.21, P<0.05]. IC of poorly differentiated LHSCC in the venous phase [(2.59 ± 0.62) mg/ml] was significantly higher than that of well differentiated LHSCC [(1.96±0.56) mg/ml,t=2.45,P<0.05] and moderately differentiated [(2.02±0.93) mg/ml,t=2.56,P<0.05] LHSCC. There was no significant difference in the SIC and λ between different differentiation degrees of LHSCC (P>0.05) in the venous phase. The standardized iodine concentration in the arterial phase was the best in distinguishing poorly and moderately differentiated LHSCC, and poorly and well differentiated LHSCC with the area under the receiver operating curve 0.77 and 0.81, respectively, the sensitivity 88.2% and 70.0%, respectively, and the specificity 69.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Conclusions Quantitative parameters derived from dual‐energy CT might be useful in the evaluation of different differentiated degrees of LHSCC. In addition, the standardized iodine concentration of LHSCC in the arterial phase was the best in the estimation of different differentiated degrees of LHSCC.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on in-stent restenosis in middle-aged patients with acute coronary syndrome（ACS）after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. METHODS： Totally 400 middle-aged ACS patients underwent PCI were selected from Xuchang Central Hospital during Mar. 2016 to Apr. 2017， and then divided into control group and observation group according to random number table， with 200 patients in each group. Both groups were given conventional drugs for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Control group were given Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets 75 mg， once a day+Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg， once a day+Atorvastatin calcium tablets 20 mg， once at bed time every day orally after PCI. Observation group was given Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets 75 mg， once a day+Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg， once a day+Rosuvastatin calcium tablets 10 mg， once at bed time every day orally after PCI. Both groups were treated for consecutive 12 months. The serum levels of TG， TC， LDL-C， hs-CRP and IL-35 were recorded in 2 groups before surgery， 1， 3， 6 and 12 months after surgery； in-stent minimum lumen diameter （MLD） was observed immediately after surgery and 12 months after surgery. The occurrence of in-stent restenosis， major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） and adverse drug reaction （ADR） were recorded. RESULTS： Totally 14 patients dropped out from control group and 18 from observation group， and 368 patients completed the study. Before surgery and immediately after surgery， there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of TG， TC， LDL-C， hs-CRP IL-35 or MLD （P＞0.05）. One day after surgery， the levels of hs-CRP were increased significantly in 2 groups， compared with before surgery （P＜0.05）. One， three， six and twelve months after surgery， the serum levels of TG， TC， LDL-C and hs-CRP were decreased significantly in 2 groups， while the levels of IL-35 were increased significantly， compared with before surgery； and the serum levels of TG and TC （1 and 3 months after surgery）， LDL-C （3 and 6 months after surgery） and hs-CRP （1 month after surgery） in observation group were significantly lower than control group； the level of IL-35 in observation group （1 month after surgery） was significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. Twelve months after surgery， MLDs of 2 groups were decreased significantly， and observation group was significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of in-stent restenosis or the total incidence of MACE and ADR between 2 groups after surgery （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Rosuvastatin can effectively improve the levels of blood lipid and inflammatory factor in meddle-aged patients with ACS after PCI， and its effect is better than that of atorvastatin. The drug can delay in-stent restenosis after PCI in these patients， which is better than the effect of atorvastatin. At the same time， rosuvastatin can not increase the risk of MACE and ADR with good safety.

Objective To study the ketone luo acid tromethamine analgesia in patients with knee osteoarthritis joint replacement in advance of inflammatory factor and the influence of stress state. Methods Choice for knee osteoarthritis knee joint replacement patients 61 cases, were randomly divided into control group (30 caese) and the observation group (31caese), the control group only received intravenous anesthesia compound epidural block, on the basis of the observation group receied ketone luo acid tromethamine analgesia in advance, the contrast analysis of two groups of patients with preoperative and postoperative VAS score, cytokines and cortisol levels. Results The observation group of patients with postoperative pain VAS score (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05);Observation group with 24h after IL - 8, TNF alpha level significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), the observation group after 48h of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a levels were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05).0bservation group 24h after surgery in patients with Cor significantly lower than the control level (P<0.05), after 48 h Cor and ACTH level observation group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Ketone luo acid tromethamine analgesia in advance can obviously relieve knee osteoarthritis pain after joint replacement, and can significantly reduce inflammatory factor levels, reduce the postoperative patients with stress state.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) in the genesis of Barrett′s esophagus.Methods Human esophageal epithelial cell (HEEC) and MRC-5 were cultured.The effects of different concentration of BMP4 and different pH value of hydrochloric acid or glycocholic acid on the expression of caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2(CDX2) in HEEC were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction.The effects of different pH value of hydrochloric acid or glycocholic acid on BMP4 expression in MRC-5 were also investigated.Independent sample t test was performed for statistical analysis.Results After HEEC stimulated by BMP4 at 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 ng/mL, the relative quantity expressions of CDX2 were 1.617±0.246, 2.489±0.455, 5.629±0.449 and 13.670±1.689, respectively, which were higher than those of control group (1.000±0.043, 1.029±0.094, 1.001±0.002 and 1.049±0.051, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.47, 3.14, 10.31, 7.47;all P<0.05).After MRC-5 stimulated by acid at pH four or five, or glycocholic acid at pH four or five, the relative quantity expressions of BMP4 were 2.430±0.105, 2.394±0.145, 125.900±12.620 and 2.128±0.215, respectively, which were higher than those of control group(1.025±0.095, 0.999±0.007, 1.060±0.138 and 0.893±0.110,respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (t=9.94, 9.59, 9.89, 5.11;all P<0.01).Conclusion BMP4 can increase the expression of CDX2 in HEEC, which promote the genesis of Barrett′s esophagus.

The metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcription 1 (MALAT1) is a highly conserved long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene. However, little is known about the pathological role of lncRNA MALAT1 in glioma. In the present study, we explored the expression level of lncRNA MALAT1 in primary glioma tissues as well as in U87 and U251 glioma cell lines. Using qRT-PCR, we found that the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 was significantly increased in glioma tissues compared with that of paracancerous tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of MALAT1 was highly expressed in U98 and U251 cells. In order to explore the function of MALAT1, the expression of MALAT1 was greatly reduced in U87 and U251 cells transfected with siRNA specifically targeting MALAT1. Consequently, cell viability of U87 and U251 cells were drastically decreased after the knockdown of MALAT1. Concomitantly, the apoptosis rate of the two cell lines was dramatically increased. Furthermore, the expression levels of some tumor markers were reduced after the knockdown of MALAT1, such as CCND1 and MYC. In summary, the current study indicated a promoting role of MALAT1 in the development of glioma cell.
*Apoptosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics/metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D1/genetics/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Flow Cytometry ; Glioma/metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics/metabolism ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Accidents, Occupational ; psychology ; Humans ; Needlestick Injuries ; nursing ; psychology ; Nursing Staff ; psychology