[Objective]To summarize Professor SHU Qijin's clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of palpitations induced by antitumor therapy.[Methods]Through outpatient apprenticeship,it systematically collected and analyzed clinical cases in which Professor SHU managed palpitations induced by antitumor therapies.Relevant classical treatises on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and modern literature were reviewed to summarize Professor SHU's understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis,characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment,as well as the composition,compatibility principles and clinical application of commonly used formulas.One representative medical case was selected for in-depth analysis as supporting evidence.[Results]Professor SHU believes that the pathogenesis of palpitations induced by antitumor therapy is primarily based on Qi and Yin deficiency.Therefore,the therapeutic approach emphasizes replenishing Qi and nourishing Yin as the foundation,with an additional focus on nourishing the heart meridian.Modified Shengmai Drink is commonly prescribed and adjusted according to the patient's condition.Holistic strategies are adopted to harmonize both the body and the mind,attending to both the physical form and spirit,while balancing warming and cooling interventions to regulate Yin and Yang.The TCM pattern diagnosis of the cited case was palpitation,with Qi and Yin deficiency as the root cause,and blood stasis and phlegm-dampness as the secondary symptoms,combined with Yang deficiency.It was treated by modified Shengmai Drink to benefit Qi and nourish Yin,with favorable therapeutic outcomes.[Conclusion]Professor SHU's clinical practice in managing palpitations induced by antitumor therapies emphasizes deficiency of both Qi and Yin as the fundamental pathogenesis.He advocates a comprehensive treatment principle that integrates replenishing Qi and nourishing Yin,harmonizing the body and mind,and employing both warming and cooling strategies according to clinical presentation.Professor SHU attaches great importance to clinical flexibility and individualized treatment adjustments,demonstrating rich clinical experience and remarkable therapeutic efficacy,which provide valuable guidance for wider clinical application.

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）and the evolutionary characteristics of the adhesion glycoprotein（G）gene in Xi'an from 2023 to 2024.Methods:Respiratory specimens were collected from patients with acute respiratory infections in Xi'an between October 2023 to October 2024. RSV nucleic acid screening was performed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR；full-length G gene sequencing was conducted on nucleic acid-positive specimens. Genotyping characterization of the obtained sequences was performed using Nextclade v3.10.0 software.Results:A total of 2 548 respiratory tract infection samples were collected，with 104 cases（4.08%，104/2 548）testing positive for RSV. The highest RSV positivity rate was observed in children aged ≤1 year（12.24%，18/147），and significant difference in positivity rates were found among age groups（χ 2=37.868， P<0.001）. Since October 2023，RSV has seen an epidemic peak during January to February 2024，and gradually declined thereafter，with no positive cases from May to September 2024. Among the 43 RSV-positive samples，12 strains were identified as subtype A（all genotype A.D.3），and 31 strains were subtype B（14 genotype B.D.4.1.1 and 17 genotype B.D.E.1）. Conclusion:From October 2023 to October 2024，RSV had an epidemic peak in January and February in Xi＇an，with subtype B being the predominant circulating type.

[Objective]To summarize Professor SHU Qijin's clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of palpitations induced by antitumor therapy.[Methods]Through outpatient apprenticeship,it systematically collected and analyzed clinical cases in which Professor SHU managed palpitations induced by antitumor therapies.Relevant classical treatises on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and modern literature were reviewed to summarize Professor SHU's understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis,characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment,as well as the composition,compatibility principles and clinical application of commonly used formulas.One representative medical case was selected for in-depth analysis as supporting evidence.[Results]Professor SHU believes that the pathogenesis of palpitations induced by antitumor therapy is primarily based on Qi and Yin deficiency.Therefore,the therapeutic approach emphasizes replenishing Qi and nourishing Yin as the foundation,with an additional focus on nourishing the heart meridian.Modified Shengmai Drink is commonly prescribed and adjusted according to the patient's condition.Holistic strategies are adopted to harmonize both the body and the mind,attending to both the physical form and spirit,while balancing warming and cooling interventions to regulate Yin and Yang.The TCM pattern diagnosis of the cited case was palpitation,with Qi and Yin deficiency as the root cause,and blood stasis and phlegm-dampness as the secondary symptoms,combined with Yang deficiency.It was treated by modified Shengmai Drink to benefit Qi and nourish Yin,with favorable therapeutic outcomes.[Conclusion]Professor SHU's clinical practice in managing palpitations induced by antitumor therapies emphasizes deficiency of both Qi and Yin as the fundamental pathogenesis.He advocates a comprehensive treatment principle that integrates replenishing Qi and nourishing Yin,harmonizing the body and mind,and employing both warming and cooling strategies according to clinical presentation.Professor SHU attaches great importance to clinical flexibility and individualized treatment adjustments,demonstrating rich clinical experience and remarkable therapeutic efficacy,which provide valuable guidance for wider clinical application.

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）and the evolutionary characteristics of the adhesion glycoprotein（G）gene in Xi'an from 2023 to 2024.Methods:Respiratory specimens were collected from patients with acute respiratory infections in Xi'an between October 2023 to October 2024. RSV nucleic acid screening was performed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR；full-length G gene sequencing was conducted on nucleic acid-positive specimens. Genotyping characterization of the obtained sequences was performed using Nextclade v3.10.0 software.Results:A total of 2 548 respiratory tract infection samples were collected，with 104 cases（4.08%，104/2 548）testing positive for RSV. The highest RSV positivity rate was observed in children aged ≤1 year（12.24%，18/147），and significant difference in positivity rates were found among age groups（χ 2=37.868， P<0.001）. Since October 2023，RSV has seen an epidemic peak during January to February 2024，and gradually declined thereafter，with no positive cases from May to September 2024. Among the 43 RSV-positive samples，12 strains were identified as subtype A（all genotype A.D.3），and 31 strains were subtype B（14 genotype B.D.4.1.1 and 17 genotype B.D.E.1）. Conclusion:From October 2023 to October 2024，RSV had an epidemic peak in January and February in Xi＇an，with subtype B being the predominant circulating type.

Objectives:The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the predictive value of measuring awake blood pressure(BP)at different time points on nocturnal hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)device in patients with hypertension. Methods:A total of 204 consecutive hypertensive outpatients seeking medical care at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from April 2023 to July 2023 were enrolled.We measured office BP and out-office BP.Out-office BP include evening BP,bedtime BP,morning BP and mean morning BP which were measured by ABPM device and BP daily record.Nocturnal hypertension was defined by the mean nocturnal systolic blood pressure≥120 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).ROC curve analyses of different awake blood pressure was established to identify significant correlates to nocturnal hypertension.The serial test was also performed.The value of the two indexes in predicting nocturnal hypertension was compared.The predictors of nocturnal hypertension were evaluated by multivariate analysis. Results:Of the 204 subjects,104(51.0%)had nocturnal hypertension.The repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA)showed that mean nighttime systolic BP and bedtime systolic BP were similar(P=0.641).Nocturnal hypertension was present in 75.7%(84/111)of patients with bedtime systolic BP≥120 mmHg,in 94.2%(49/52)of patients with bedtime systolic BP≥135 mmHg and in 88.2%(75/85)of patients with mean morning systolic BP≥135 mmHg.ROC curve analyses showed that the diagnostic accuracy of mean morning systolic BP(AUC 0.903,P＜0.05)for subjects with nocturnal hypertension was significantly superior to that of office systolic BP,evening systolic BP,bedtime systolic BP,morning systolic BP.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that mean morning systolic BP and bedtime systolic BP were significantly associated with a higher risk of nocturnal hypertension(P＜0.05).ROC curve analyses of predicted probability of bedtime systolic BP and mean morning systolic BP showed higher diagnostic accuracy(AUC 0.929,P＜0.05).The serial test showed that nocturnal hypertension was present in 98.0%(49/50)of patients with bedtime systolic BP≥130 mmHg and mean morning systolic BP≥135 mmHg. Conclusions:Mean morning BP and bedtime BP are significant correlates of nocturnal hypertension in patients with hypertension,and combined mean morning BP with bedtime BP showed higher diagnostic accuracy,which might used for predicting nocturnal hypertension with high efficiency.

Background Pesticides like organophosphorus and pyrethroids are extensively utilized, and associated potential human health risks arising from multi-route exposure, including environmental sources and dietary intake, cannot be overlooked. Conducting human exposure studies using pesticide exposure biomarkers is essential for an objective evaluation of human pesticide exposure levels. Objective To develop a rapid and precise liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the detection of 12 pesticide metabolites in urine, including 5 metabolites of organophosphorus pesticide, 4 metabolites of pyrethroid pesticide, 2 metabolites of herbicides, and 1 metabolite of insecticide. Methods After overnight enzymatic hydrolysis, urine samples were subjected to extraction and purification using Oasis HLB 96-well solid-phase extraction. Subsequently, the samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and quantified using the isotope internal standard method. The developed method was employed to analyze 143 urine samples from a general population to assess its effectiveness and to evaluate pesticide exposure levels. Results All 12 target compounds exhibited good linear ranges, with their correlation coefficients of calibration curves exceeding 0.999. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.02 to 0.19 μg·L⁻¹, while the limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.06 to 0.27 μg·L⁻¹. The recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 84% to 112%, and the inter- and intra- day precisions of targeted analystes were 0.43%-9.6% and 1.6%-9.7% respectively. Using this method, 143 urine samples from residents in Jiangsu region were analyzed, and 11 pesticides were detected except N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). Conclusion The established method of solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has the characteristics of low detection limit, good repeatability, and high throughput, which is suitable for quantitative detection of selected 12 pesticides in large batches of human urine samples, and provides technical support for pesticide internal exposure monitoring and health risk assessment.

Objective To analyze the pathogenic composition of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases and the antibody level of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) in healthy people in Xi'an in 2022, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Anal swabs or stool specimens of HFMD cases were collected. RT-PCR was used to detect enterovirus (EV) and serotype was identified. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect EV-A71 IgG antibody levels in healthy people. Results A total of 172 positive cases were detected from 274 HFMD clinical specimens with a total detection rate of 62.77%, including 1 case of EV-A71 (0.58%), 95 cases of CV-A16 (55.23%), 64 cases of CV-A6 (37.21%), and 1 case of CV-A10(0.58%). CV-A16 was the dominant pathogen in spring and summer, and CV-A6 was the dominant pathogen in autumn and winter（χ²= 64.376，P＜0.001）. The age of HFMD cases caused by CV-A16 was older than the cases caused by CV-A6（t = 2.709，P = 0.007）. The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in healthy people was 36.92% (168/455). The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in men (32.35%) was lower than that in women (43.72%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 6.605 , P = 0.014). The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in people of all ages ranged from 21.95% to 54.78%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 27.623 , P<0.001). Conclusion The main pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xi'an in 2022 are CV-A16 and CV-A6 . The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in children under 5 years old is low , and EV-A71 vaccination should be strengthened.

ObjectiveTo explore new targets and herbal medicines of total ginsenosides in ameliorating alcoholic hepatitis （AH） by data mining and experimental validation and to provide new directions for the clinical treatment of AH. MethodGSE28619 was selected as the test set from the GEO database and GSE83148 and GSE103580 were selected as the validation sets. The limma package and weighted gene co-expression network analysis （WGCNA） were employed to identify the AH-related differentially expressed genes and modular genes， and Venny was used to extract the common genes. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed and the enrichment analysis was carried out. The hub genes were further screened and evaluated for their diagnostic value. After validation with the datasets， new potential targets of AH and traditional Chinese medicine were predicted. Molecular docking between the targets and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine was performed， and the results were validated by experiments. Eight out of 48 SD rats were randomly selected into a blank group and received an equal amount of normal saline. The rest rats were subjected to modeling with ethanol by gavage and then randomized into low- （10 mg·kg^-1）， medium- （20 mg·kg^-1）， and high-dose （40 mg·kg^-1） total ginsenosides， model， and positive control （metadoxine， 117 mg·kg^-1） groups. After 3 weeks of gavage， serum samples were collected for the measurement of aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels， and liver samples were collected for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Western blot and Real-time PCR were employed to determine the protein and mRNA levels， respectively， of potential targets in the liver tissue. ResultData mining predicted the potential genes： Proto-oncogene FOS and collagen type Ⅰ alpha 2 （COL1A2）. Experimental validation showed that the liver injury was alleviated after drug administration compared with that after modeling. The serum AST and ALT levels were reduced after drug administration. The protein and mRNA levels of FOS were significantly up-regulated， while those of COL1A2 were down-regulated after drug administration. ConclusionTotal ginsenosides ameliorate HA via FOS and COL1A2.

【Objective】 To investigate the development of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for promoting the development of adaptability in young children. 【Methods】 Data were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children in China, and 3 319 children aged 2 - 6 and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study.The Development Scale for Children Aged 0 - 6 years (WS/T 580-2017) was used to measure the developmental quotient of children′s adaptive ability, and a survey questionnaire was used to collect relevant information about children and their parents. 【Results】 Among 3 319 children aged 2 - 6, the proportion of slightly low or low level of adaptability, moderate adaptability development, good and excellent adaptability development was 7.68%,66.25% and 26.06%, respectively.The proportion of children aged 5 - 6 with good and excellent adaptability was lower in 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups (χ²=59.29, P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that children′s gender (β=0.06), gestational age of birth (β=-0.05), only child (β=-0.04), left-behind child (β=-0.04), the main caregiver (β=-0.06), and the education level of parents (β=0.09, 0.10), whether parents actively pay attention to children′s emotions (β=-0.06) and whether children play with homemade toys (β=-0.04) were the influencing factors of children′s adaptive development quotient.Girls, full-term children, only children, non-left-behind children, children with parents as main caregivers, parents with a high level of education, parents who often take the initiative to pay attention to children′s emotions, and children who play with homemade toys had a higher level of adaptability development quotient. 【Conclusions】 The development level of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6 in China is mostly above the average level and is related to multiple factors.Targeted intervention work can be carried out on relevant factors in order to promote the development of children′s adaptability.

Objective:To investigate the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza B/Victoria (BV) virus in Xi′an city from 2019 to 2023.Methods:Twenty-five BV strains isolated from the Xi′an influenza surveillance network laboratory between 2019 and 2023 were collected. The HA and NA genes were sequenced using MiniSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. An evolutionary tree was constructed using bioinformatics software to analyze homology and mutation sites, and to predict N-glycosylation sites online. The antigenicity of the strains was analyzed through hemagglutination inhibition tests.Results:The BV influenza in Xi′an exhibited a distinct seasonal transmission pattern from 2019 to 2023, with peak prevalence occurring during the winter and spring seasons. The evolutionary analysis of the HA genes shows that the strains from Xi′an in 2019 belong to the V1A.3 branch, and the strains from 2021 to 2023 belong to the V1A.3a.2 branch. Analysis of antigenic sites showed that there were variations in 6 sites of 3 antigenic determinants in the HA proteins of the BV strains from 2021-2022 compared to 2019, and 2 sites of 1 antigenic determinant changed in the HA proteins in 2023 compared to 2021-2022. The evolutionary analysis of the NA genes indicates that the BV strains from Xi′an in 2019 belong to the A. 1.1 branch. By 2021 and 2022, it had evolved into the A. 1.2 clade, and by 2023, it had further evolved into the B clade and its derivatives, with no strains showing mutations associated with resistance to NA inhibitors. Antigenic analysis indicated that the majority of BV strains in Xi′an were similar to the strains included in the vaccine composition. Furthermore, glycosylation analysis showed that the potential N-glycosylation sites in the HA proteins of BV strains from 2021-2023 were reduced by one compared to those from 2019, and only a few strains from 2023 displayed alterations in the potential N-glycosylation sites of the NA proteins.Conclusions:The HA and NA genes of the BV strains from 2019 to 2023 are continuously mutating and evolving into new branches. Since 2021, V1A.3a.2 has become the dominant evolutionary branch of the HA genes, while the evolutionary branches of the NA genes from 2019 to 2023 have been continuously changing.