Objective To establish a ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS)method for the determination of the genotoxic impurity N-nitroso propranolol(NPPN)in propranolol hydrochloride sustained-release tablets.Methods The test sample was ultrasonically extracted using methanol as the solvent,then centrifuged and filtered before injection analysis.Chromatographic separation was performed using a 2.7 μm particle size C18 UHPLC column with a mobile phase of 0.1％formic acid(A)in water and 0.1％formic acid(B)in acetonitrile,using gradient elution.Mass spectrometry was conducted with an HESI ion source in positive ion parallel reaction monitoring(PRM)scan mode,monitoring the NPPN fragment ion at m/z 72.080 8,and quantification was performed using the standard curve method.Results The calibration curve was in good linearity in the range of 0.51-20.30 ng·mL-1 with excellent correlation coefficient(r)of 0.9999.The recoveries of NPPN at three levels(low,medium,and high)were in the range of 95.4％～98.3％,while the RSDs were from 2.5％to 4.2％.The limit of detection(LOD)was 0.20 ng·mL-1 while the limit of quantitfication(LOQ)was 0.51 ng·mL-1.This analytical method was used to determine NPPN in six batches of propranolol hydrochloride sustained release tablet samples.NPPN was detected in all six samples,among which the detection amount of 3 batches have exceeded the acceptable limit.Conclusion This method is sensitive,accurate,and fast,making it useful for pharmaceutical companies in controlling production processes and providing robust technical support for regulatory authorities.

Objective To establish a ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS)method for the determination of the genotoxic impurity N-nitroso propranolol(NPPN)in propranolol hydrochloride sustained-release tablets.Methods The test sample was ultrasonically extracted using methanol as the solvent,then centrifuged and filtered before injection analysis.Chromatographic separation was performed using a 2.7 μm particle size C18 UHPLC column with a mobile phase of 0.1％formic acid(A)in water and 0.1％formic acid(B)in acetonitrile,using gradient elution.Mass spectrometry was conducted with an HESI ion source in positive ion parallel reaction monitoring(PRM)scan mode,monitoring the NPPN fragment ion at m/z 72.080 8,and quantification was performed using the standard curve method.Results The calibration curve was in good linearity in the range of 0.51-20.30 ng·mL-1 with excellent correlation coefficient(r)of 0.9999.The recoveries of NPPN at three levels(low,medium,and high)were in the range of 95.4％～98.3％,while the RSDs were from 2.5％to 4.2％.The limit of detection(LOD)was 0.20 ng·mL-1 while the limit of quantitfication(LOQ)was 0.51 ng·mL-1.This analytical method was used to determine NPPN in six batches of propranolol hydrochloride sustained release tablet samples.NPPN was detected in all six samples,among which the detection amount of 3 batches have exceeded the acceptable limit.Conclusion This method is sensitive,accurate,and fast,making it useful for pharmaceutical companies in controlling production processes and providing robust technical support for regulatory authorities.

Background:alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer(AFPGC)is relatively rare and special type of gastric cancer,and its clinical symptoms are lack specificity.Aims:To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognosis of AFPGC.Methods:The data of patients with AFPGC from July 2017 to June 2023 at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed,including clinical manifestations,laboratory and examination results,endoscopic results,pathology and treatment.Results:In 17 patients with AFPGC,14 were male and 3 were female.The clinical manifestations were mainly abdominal pain,hematochezia,upper abdominal discomfort,fatigue,etc.AFP was 200-2000 ng/mL.The laboratory examination tests showed that anemia in 16 patients,elevated CEA in 1 patient,abnormal liver function in 2 patients,Hepatitis B Virus-positive in 1 patient,CT showed liver metastasis in 11 patients,lymph node metastasis in 12 patients,cirrhosis in 1 patient.Conclusions:For patients with gastric cancer indicated by examination,if AFP is elevated,AFPGC should be considered.Early detection and surgical treatment can improve the prognosis of AFPGC.

Background:alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer(AFPGC)is relatively rare and special type of gastric cancer,and its clinical symptoms are lack specificity.Aims:To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognosis of AFPGC.Methods:The data of patients with AFPGC from July 2017 to June 2023 at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed,including clinical manifestations,laboratory and examination results,endoscopic results,pathology and treatment.Results:In 17 patients with AFPGC,14 were male and 3 were female.The clinical manifestations were mainly abdominal pain,hematochezia,upper abdominal discomfort,fatigue,etc.AFP was 200-2000 ng/mL.The laboratory examination tests showed that anemia in 16 patients,elevated CEA in 1 patient,abnormal liver function in 2 patients,Hepatitis B Virus-positive in 1 patient,CT showed liver metastasis in 11 patients,lymph node metastasis in 12 patients,cirrhosis in 1 patient.Conclusions:For patients with gastric cancer indicated by examination,if AFP is elevated,AFPGC should be considered.Early detection and surgical treatment can improve the prognosis of AFPGC.

Objective:To investigate the influences of minimally invasive hematoma removal assisted by stereotaxis technique and conservative treatment in clinical prognoses of patients with small/medium intracerebral hematoma in the basal ganglia.Methods:Sixty-four patients with spontaneous basal ganglia cerebral hemorrhage, admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to March 2021, were enrolled in our study; these patients were randomly divided into surgical group (accepted minimally invasive hematoma removal assisted by stereotaxis technique, n=33) and conservative treatment group ( n=31). The baseline general data and 6 months follow-up data of patients from the 2 groups were compared. The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores, modified Barthel index (MBI), modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores and complications were compared 7 d, 1 month and 6 months after surgery. Results:There were no significant differences in gender, age, and amount of bleeding between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). On the 7 th d of surgery, there were no significant differences in GOS scores, MBI, and mRS scores between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). One month after surgery, there were statistically significant differences in GOS scores, MBI, and mRS scores between the 2 groups ( P<0.05); the good prognosis rate in the surgical group was 78.79% (26/33), and that in the conservative treatment group was 25.81%(8/31), with significant difference ( P<0.05). Six months after surgery, there were significant differences in GOS scores, MBI, and mRS scores between the 2 groups ( P<0.05); the good prognosis rate in the surgical group was 95.7% (29/33), and that in the conservative treatment group was 32.3% (10/31), with significant difference ( P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the surgical group and conservative treatment group was 6.06% and 29.03%, respectively, with significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Minimally invasive hematoma removal assisted by stereotaxis technique is more conducive to the repair of nerve function in patients with moderate to small cerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia than conservative treatment.

Objective:To investigate the difference of vitamin A and E levels in children with different respiratory diseases at different ages.Methods:A total of 671 children in Hunan Children's Hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the disease group, including 197 cases of pneumonia, 152 cases of recurrent respiratory tract infection, 91 cases of asthma, 88 cases of cough variant asthma and 143 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia; At the same time, 245 healthy children were selected as the normal group. The serum vitamin A and vitamin E levels of the two groups were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results:⑴ The vitamin A level [(0.31±0.09)mg/L] of the disease group was lower than the normal group [(0.35±0.25)mg/L], and the vitamin E level [(8.92±2.57)mg/L] was lower than the normal group [(9.62±2.79)mg/L], with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑵ The level of vitamin A in the disease group at the age of >1-3 years [(0.32±0.09)mg/L] was lower than that in the normal group of the same age group [(0.35±0.08)mg/L]; the level of vitamin A in the disease group at the age of >3-6 years old [(0.30±0.08)mg/L] was lower than that of the same age group [(0.32±0.07)mg/L], with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑶ The vitamin E level of the disease group at >1-3 years old [(9.23±2.56)mg/L], >3-6 [(8.02±1.86)mg/L] and >6-14 years old [(8.02±1.82)mg/L] were lower than that of the same age normal group [(9.76±2.81)mg/L, (9.67±2.87)mg/L, (9.19±2.58)mg/L], with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑷ There were significant differences in vitamin A levels among different age in disease group ( P<0.05). Among them, the children with high risk of subclinical deficiency accounted for the largest proportion (45.78%) in the 6-month-1-year-old group, and the proportion of children with normal vitamin A levels in other age groups was the largest; ⑸ There are significant differences in vitamin E levels in different age groups in the disease group ( P<0.05), the levels in the normal range accounts for the largest proportion of all ages; ⑹ The levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group were increased compared with in recurrent respiratory infection group , asthma group, and cough variant asthma group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Compared with the pneumonia group, the level of vitamin E increased in the recurrent respiratory infection group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); The vitamin E levels in the cough variant asthma group were reduced compared with the repeated respiratory infection group, asthma group and pneumonia group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The Vitamin A and E levels of children suffering from respiratory diseases are lower than those of normal children. The Vitamin A and E levels of different respiratory diseases and different age groups are different. Vitamin A and E supplementation may be significantly targeted according to different ages and different respiratory diseases in clinical practice.

Objective: To explore the association between Vitamin A, E and mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Methods: 153 children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and 653 health children were selected as cases and controls, respectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis were conducted to reducing confounding bias between groups. Blood samples were collected to test serum levels of vitamin A and E using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Logistic regression was implemented to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for evaluating the association of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with the serum levels of Vitamin A and E. Results: After propensity score matching, the study cohort included 153 cases with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and 306 health children as controls. Before matching, with age and gender adjusted, logistic regression analysis indicated that higher serum levels of Vitamin A and E led to a lower risk of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (OR=0.075, 95% CI: 0.007-0.815; OR=0.854, 95% CI: 0.792-0.986). After matching, higher serum level of Vitamin E had a significantly lower risk of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (OR=0.877, 95% CI: 0.810-0.950). Conclusions The serum levels of Vitamin A didn't have a statistically significant association with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. However, we observed an obvious association between Vitamin E and mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Hence Vitamin E clinical monitoring and supplementation are vital for preventing and treating mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

OBJECTIVE: To detect pathogenic variation in a pedigree affected with hereditary spastic paraplegia type 31 and explore its molecular pathogenesis. METHODS: Customized Roche NimbleGen capture probes were used to capture all exons of the target genes in relation with hereditary spastic paraplegia. The DNA samples were also assayed with fluorescent quantitative PCR as well as chromosomal microarray analysis using CytoScan HD chip. RESULTS: The proband and her father and grandfather were found to carry a deletion for position 85 992 693-86 842 693 on chromosome 2, which spanned approximately 900 kb and encompassed the REEP1 gene. The latter has been specifically associated with hereditary spastic paraplegia type 31. The same deletion was not found in her mother who is phenotypically normal. CONCLUSION The deletional variation of the REEP1 gene probably underlies the disease in this pedigree.
Female ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; supply & distribution ; Paraplegia ; Pedigree ; Sequence Deletion ; Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary ; genetics

Objective To observe and compare the incidence rate of hemolysis while venous blood specimen collecting with two types of venous indwelling needle. To summarize the attentions during blood samples collecting by venous indwelling needle. Methods From January 2014 to January 2015, a total of 400 patients in resuscitation room of emergency department were divided into control group and experimental group by random digits table method with 200 cases each. Type Y indwelling needle was used in control group, while straight type indwelling needle was used in experimental group. Both two types of indwelling needle were required to be connected with the disposable venous blood taking needle joint for blood sample collection. The incidence rate of hemolysis was observed. Results The incidence rate of hemolysis in experimental group was lower than that in control group: 8.0%(16/200) vs. 39.5%(79/200),and there was significant difference, χ2=34.317, P < 0.01. Conclusions The incidence rate of hemolysis during venous blood specimen collecting with straight type indwelling needle is significantly lower than that with Y type indwelling needle. Straight type indwelling needle is worthy of clinical use.

Objective To explore the risk factors of chronic cough in children.Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted.A total of 60 children with chronic cough and 120 non-chronic cough children were interviewed with standard questionnaires.Non-conditional multivariable logistic model was performed to analyze the risk factors.Results Among 192 children that were performed questionnaire survey,180 cases were obtained the complete data with a questionnaire response rate of 93.75％.No significant difference in age,gender,and permanent residence was found between chronic cough and control groups,respectively (P ＞0.05).As shown in multivariable logistic model,parents with sensitive history (OR =1.924),mother or father smoking (mother:OR =1.989 ; father:OR =2.156),poor ventilation (OR =27.906),and interior decoration less than 3 months stay (OR =4.652) increased the risk of chronic cough in children.Conclusions Many factors,even the domestic environmental factors,are associated with chronic cough in children.It's time to strengthen the intervention of risk factors for reducing the occurrence of chronic cough in children.