Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety profile of antaitasvir phosphate combined with yiqibuvir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) of various genotypes, without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis.Methods:394 cases with CHC from 22 centers were collected from October 2021 to April 2023. They were randomly assigned to receive either the experimental drugs (antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg) or placebo treatment in a 3∶1 ratio. The patients were administered drugs once a day for 12 consecutive weeks, and then followed up for 24 weeks after treatment cessation. All subjects were unblinded at the four-week follow-up following drug discontinuation, with the experimental drug group continuing to complete subsequent post-discontinuation follow-up. The placebo group was switched to receive the experimental drugs for a repeated 12-week treatment period and followed up for another 24 weeks after discontinuation of the drug (placebo delayed treatment phase).The sustained virologic response rate (SVR12) was observed for subjects in the double-blind phase and the placebo delayed-treatment phase at 12 weeks after treatment cessation.Virological resistance analysis was performed on subjects who failed treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was SVR12. The number and percentage of subjects who achieved "HCV RNA

OBJECTIVE To explore the implementation and standardized management of infection control core ele-ments in grass-roots medical institutions within county-level medical communities.METHODS From Mar.2024 to Apr.2024,the current status of implementation of infection control core elements in the grass-roots medical institu-tions within county-level medical communities was investigated by means of questionnaire survey and qualita-tive interview,and the implementation strategies were further explored.RESULTS The infection management or-ganizational system and functions of the two county-level medical institutions within the county medical communi-ties were completed,there is no independent hospital infection management department in the primary medical in-stitutions.The infection management personnel in the 16 grass-roots medical institutions were part-time person-nel,the personnel with the educational background below junior college accounted for 84.21％,the personnel with the professional background of nursing accounted for 100.00％,the personnel with less than 5 years of working experience accounted for 78.95％,none of them had an on-the-job training certificate.The monitoring programs of the county-level medical institutions within the county medical communities were completed,there was no infec-tion management monitoring information platform in the grass-roots medical institutions.The infection cases,hand hygiene,environmental health and occupational exposures were monitored by people.The grass-roots medi-cal institutions had the highest requirements for various professional trainings and increase of training contents of prevention and control of public health infectious diseases(100.00％).The county-level medical institutions had inadequate capabilities of professional examination of medical equipment replacement and construction of medi-cal architecture.CONCLUSION It is necessary for the country and local levels of governments to attach great importance to the implementation of the infection control core elements in the grass-roots medical institutions within the county-lev-el medical communities,establish the county-level regional information platform,formulate the corresponding surveil-lance indexes and homogenized management systems,complete the cultivation of talents,and offer financial support.

Objective:To summarize the tools and applications of functionality appreciation assessment.Methods:A computerized search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc for literature related to functionality appreciation assessment tools and their applications, with the time frame from database inception to May 12, 2024.Results:A total of 26 articles were included. Functionality appreciation was found to be associated with demographic, physiological, psychological, and social health factors. Functionality appreciation assessment tools demonstrated good psychometric properties across different cultural backgrounds and populations.Conclusions:Functionality appreciation exerts multidimensional benefits on physical and psychological health. However, the available functionality appreciation assessment tools are limited in variety. Future research should further explore the applicability of these tools in different populations in China.

Objective:To summarize the tools and applications of functionality appreciation assessment.Methods:A computerized search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc for literature related to functionality appreciation assessment tools and their applications, with the time frame from database inception to May 12, 2024.Results:A total of 26 articles were included. Functionality appreciation was found to be associated with demographic, physiological, psychological, and social health factors. Functionality appreciation assessment tools demonstrated good psychometric properties across different cultural backgrounds and populations.Conclusions:Functionality appreciation exerts multidimensional benefits on physical and psychological health. However, the available functionality appreciation assessment tools are limited in variety. Future research should further explore the applicability of these tools in different populations in China.

Objective:To construct and verify a risk prediction model for pulmonary infection in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after craniotomy and clipping, providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the quality of postoperative care.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, a retrospective selection was made of 397 patients with aSAH after craniotomy and clipping who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurosurgery of Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences) from January 2019 to December 2023 as the modeling group. They were randomly divided into the training set and the test set at a ratio of 7:3, with 278 cases in the training set and 119 cases in the test set. Patients were divided into the infection group and the non-infection group based on whether they developed pulmonary infection. Univariate analysis was used to model the risk factors of pulmonary infection after aSAH craniotomy and clamping in the group, and Lasso regression was used to construct a predictive model. A total of 119 patients with aSAH admitted to the neurosurgery department of the same hospital from January to April 2024 were selected for the external validation of the model. The predictive effect of the model was evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:In the modeling group, there were 216 male patients and 181 female patients. The incidence of pulmonary infection was 38.54% (153/397). Finally, five influencing factors, namely stroke, Hunt-Hess classification, mechanical ventilation, indwelling nasogastric tube and the timing of initiating enteral nutrition, were included to construct a predictive model. The areas under the ROC curves of the nomogram prediction models of this model in the training set, test set, and external validation group were 0.859(95% CI 0.791-0.928), 0.843(95% CI 0.796-0.890), and 0.800(95% CI 0.711-0.889), respectively. The calibration curve shows that the model's prediction fits well with the actual situation and has a high degree of calibration. Decision curve analysis indicates that this model has high clinical application value under different risk thresholds. Conclusions:The risk prediction model for pulmonary infection in patients after craniotomy and clipping with aSAH has good discrimination and calibration, which can provide reference for medical staff to identify high-risk patients at an early stage and take preventive intervention measures.

OBJECTIVE To explore the implementation and standardized management of infection control core ele-ments in grass-roots medical institutions within county-level medical communities.METHODS From Mar.2024 to Apr.2024,the current status of implementation of infection control core elements in the grass-roots medical institu-tions within county-level medical communities was investigated by means of questionnaire survey and qualita-tive interview,and the implementation strategies were further explored.RESULTS The infection management or-ganizational system and functions of the two county-level medical institutions within the county medical communi-ties were completed,there is no independent hospital infection management department in the primary medical in-stitutions.The infection management personnel in the 16 grass-roots medical institutions were part-time person-nel,the personnel with the educational background below junior college accounted for 84.21％,the personnel with the professional background of nursing accounted for 100.00％,the personnel with less than 5 years of working experience accounted for 78.95％,none of them had an on-the-job training certificate.The monitoring programs of the county-level medical institutions within the county medical communities were completed,there was no infec-tion management monitoring information platform in the grass-roots medical institutions.The infection cases,hand hygiene,environmental health and occupational exposures were monitored by people.The grass-roots medi-cal institutions had the highest requirements for various professional trainings and increase of training contents of prevention and control of public health infectious diseases(100.00％).The county-level medical institutions had inadequate capabilities of professional examination of medical equipment replacement and construction of medi-cal architecture.CONCLUSION It is necessary for the country and local levels of governments to attach great importance to the implementation of the infection control core elements in the grass-roots medical institutions within the county-lev-el medical communities,establish the county-level regional information platform,formulate the corresponding surveil-lance indexes and homogenized management systems,complete the cultivation of talents,and offer financial support.

Objective:To construct and verify a risk prediction model for pulmonary infection in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after craniotomy and clipping, providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the quality of postoperative care.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, a retrospective selection was made of 397 patients with aSAH after craniotomy and clipping who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurosurgery of Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences) from January 2019 to December 2023 as the modeling group. They were randomly divided into the training set and the test set at a ratio of 7:3, with 278 cases in the training set and 119 cases in the test set. Patients were divided into the infection group and the non-infection group based on whether they developed pulmonary infection. Univariate analysis was used to model the risk factors of pulmonary infection after aSAH craniotomy and clamping in the group, and Lasso regression was used to construct a predictive model. A total of 119 patients with aSAH admitted to the neurosurgery department of the same hospital from January to April 2024 were selected for the external validation of the model. The predictive effect of the model was evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:In the modeling group, there were 216 male patients and 181 female patients. The incidence of pulmonary infection was 38.54% (153/397). Finally, five influencing factors, namely stroke, Hunt-Hess classification, mechanical ventilation, indwelling nasogastric tube and the timing of initiating enteral nutrition, were included to construct a predictive model. The areas under the ROC curves of the nomogram prediction models of this model in the training set, test set, and external validation group were 0.859(95% CI 0.791-0.928), 0.843(95% CI 0.796-0.890), and 0.800(95% CI 0.711-0.889), respectively. The calibration curve shows that the model's prediction fits well with the actual situation and has a high degree of calibration. Decision curve analysis indicates that this model has high clinical application value under different risk thresholds. Conclusions:The risk prediction model for pulmonary infection in patients after craniotomy and clipping with aSAH has good discrimination and calibration, which can provide reference for medical staff to identify high-risk patients at an early stage and take preventive intervention measures.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety profile of antaitasvir phosphate combined with yiqibuvir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) of various genotypes, without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis.Methods:394 cases with CHC from 22 centers were collected from October 2021 to April 2023. They were randomly assigned to receive either the experimental drugs (antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg) or placebo treatment in a 3∶1 ratio. The patients were administered drugs once a day for 12 consecutive weeks, and then followed up for 24 weeks after treatment cessation. All subjects were unblinded at the four-week follow-up following drug discontinuation, with the experimental drug group continuing to complete subsequent post-discontinuation follow-up. The placebo group was switched to receive the experimental drugs for a repeated 12-week treatment period and followed up for another 24 weeks after discontinuation of the drug (placebo delayed treatment phase).The sustained virologic response rate (SVR12) was observed for subjects in the double-blind phase and the placebo delayed-treatment phase at 12 weeks after treatment cessation.Virological resistance analysis was performed on subjects who failed treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was SVR12. The number and percentage of subjects who achieved "HCV RNA

Objective: To explore the differences in the gut microbiota of primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake, so as to provide scientific evidence for better identification of health risks in children and the development of targeted health policies. Methods: In June 2022, a total of 192 healthy primary school students from Chengdu were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The sugar sweetened beverage intake was assessed through a dietary frequency questionnaire. Based on the median daily sugar sweetened beverage intake, primary school students were categorized into a low intake group ( n =96) and a high intake group ( n =96). The gut microbiota in fresh fecal samples from the two groups of primary school students was analyzed using 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing, and the diversity and community structure differences in the gut microbiota were compared. Results: Children in the low intake group had a sugar sweetened beverage intake of (21.3±1.6) mL/d, while the high intake group had an intake of (269.6±37.3) mL/d. Diversity analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the low intake and the high intake group in terms of α diversity metrics: Observed_otus index [298.50 (259.75, 342.25), 305.50 (244.25, 367.75)], Goods_coverage index [1.00 (1.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)], Chao index [304.18 (260.75, 348.78), 305.88 (245.68, 370.88)], Shannon index [5.88 (5.29, 6.45), 5.71 (4.89, 6.28)] and Simpson index [0.95 (0.91, 0.97), 0.94 (0.88, 0.97)] ( Z =-0.64, -0.76, -0.54, -1.76, -1.67, P >0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in β diversity between the two groups ( R 2=0.006, P >0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Blautia [0.033 (0.018, 0.055)] and Fusicatenibacter [0.009 (0.005, 0.015)] were higher in the low intake group compared to the high intake group [0.024 (0.013, 0.041),0.006 (0.003, 0.011)]and differences were statistically significant ( Z =-2.52, -2.81, P <0.05). LEfSe analysis highlighted intergroup differences primarily in Blautia, Fusicatenibacter and Sarcina( LDA= 3.56,3.12,3.53, P <0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference in the diversity and overall structure of the gut microbiota in primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake. However, there are species variations at the genus level. The information can serve as a scientific basis for identifying health risks in primary school students and formulating targeted health strategies.