Mechanical pain is one of the most common causes of clinical pain, but there remains a lack of effective treatment for debilitating mechanical and chronic forms of neuropathic pain. Recently, neurotoxin GsMTx4, a selective mechanosensitive (MS) channel inhibitor, has been found to be effective, while the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, with multiple rodent pain models, we demonstrated that a GsMTx4-based 17-residue peptide, which we call P10581, was able to reduce mechanical hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain. The analgesic effects of P10581 can be as strong as morphine but is not toxic in animal models. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of the peptide was resistant to naloxone (an μ-opioid receptor antagonist) and showed no side effects of morphine, including tolerance, motor impairment, and conditioned place preference. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 by P10581 in a heterogeneous expression system, combined with the use of Trpv4 knockout mice indicates that TRPV4 channels may act as the potential target for the analgesic effect of P10581. Our study identified a potential drug for curing mechanical pain and exposed its mechanism.

Objective: To prospectively compare single-shot (SS) echo-planar imaging (EPI) and field-of-view optimized and constrained undistorted single-shot multiplexed sensitivity-encoding (FOCUS MUSE) for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in evaluating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Materials and Methods: SS EPI and FOCUS MUSE DWIs were obtained from 39 patients with TAO (18 male; mean ± standard deviation: 48.3 ± 13.3 years) and 26 healthy controls (9 male; mean ± standard deviation: 43.0 ± 18.5 years). Two radiologists scored the visual image quality using a 4-point Likert scale. The image quality score, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-tonoise ratio (CNR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of extraocular muscles (EOMs) were compared between the two DWIs. Differences in the ADC of EOMs were also evaluated. The performance of discriminating active from inactive TAO was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. The correlation between ADC and clinical activity score (CAS) was analyzed using Spearman correlation. Results: Compared with SS EPI DWI, FOCUS MUSE DWI demonstrated significantly higher image quality scores (P < 0.001), a higher SNR and CNR on the lateral rectus muscle (LRM) and medial rectus muscle (MRM) (P < 0.05), and a non-significant difference in the ADC of the LRM and MRM. Active TAO showed higher ADC than inactive TAO and healthy controls with both SS EPI and FOCUS MUSE DWIs (P < 0.001). Inactive TAO and healthy controls did not show a significant ADC difference with both DWIs. Compared with SS EPI DWI, FOCUS MUSE DWI demonstrated better discrimination of active from inactive TAO (AUC:0.925 vs. 0.779; P = 0.007). The ADC was significantly correlated with CAS in SS EPI DWI (r = 0.391, P < 0.001) and FOCUS MUSE DWI (r = 0.645, P < 0.001). Conclusion FOCUS MUSE DWI provides better images for evaluating EOMs and better performance in diagnosing active TAO than SS EPI DWI. The application of FOCUS MUSE will facilitate the DWI evaluation of TAO.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction combined with modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction and routine western medicine on ischemic stroke.Methods:Prospective cohort study. According to random number table method, 120 patients with ischemic stroke who met inclusion criteria in the hospital were divided into control group and treatment group, 60 in each group. The control group was given routine western medicine, while the treatment group was additionally given Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction and modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction. All were treated for 4 weeks. The severity of neurological deficits was evaluated by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The activities of daily living were evaluated by Barthel index. The high blood shear viscosity (HWBV), low blood shear viscosity (LWBV), plasma fibrinogen (FIB) and plasma viscosity (PV) were detected by full-automatic blood rheometer. The levels of MDA, SOD and NO were detected by ELISA. The clinical responsive rate was assessed.Results:The differences in total response rate between treatment group and control group were statistically significant [93.3% (56/60) vs. 75.0% (45/60), χ2=7.56, P=0.006]. After treatment, NIHSS score in treatment group was significantly lower than that in control group ( t=2.38, P=0.019), while Barthel index was significantly higher than that in control group ( t=13.28, P<0.01). After treatment, HWBV [(5.02±0.13) mPa?s vs. (6.18±0.28) mPa?s, t=29.11], LWBV [(1.18±0.21) mPa?s vs. (1.73±0.32) mPa?s, t=11.13], FIB [(2.26±0.28) g/L vs. (3.13±0.39) g/L, t=14.04] and PV [(8.87±1.44) mPa?s vs. (10.34±1.31) mPa?s, t=5.85] in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.01), and the MDA [(4.14±1.23) mmol/L vs. (5.23±1.35) mmol/L, t=204.30] in treatment group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.01), and levels of SOD [(113.34±0.28) mg/L vs. (96.59±0.57) mg/L, t=4.62] and NO [(26.01±3.26) μmol/L vs. (20.84±3.74) μmol/L, t=8.07] in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction combined with modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction and routine western medicine can repair nerve function, improve hemorheology, oxidative stress indexes, clinical curative effect and activities of daily living in patients with ischemic stroke.

Objective:To establish a risk assessment system focusing on surgical and anesthesian-related indicators for the incidence of complications and mortality of hip fracture surgery in senile patients, and to evaluate its prediction accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.Methods:From January 2020 to February 2021, a total of 1 086 elderly patients (493 males and 593 females) aged 76±5 years (ranging from 60 to 94 years) underwent hip fracture surgery in Tianjin Hospital were collected. A total of 543 patients were randomly selected for the establishment of the hip fracture scoring system in senile patients, including 253 males and 290 females, aged 75±6 years (ranging from 60 to 92 years). With the preoperative physiological factor score and surgical risk factor score as independent variables and the occurrence of complications and death as dependent variables, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to establish a surgical risk scoring system for hip fracture in senile patients. The remaining 543 patients, including 240 males and 303 females, aged 74±7 years (range 60-94 years), their data were used to compare AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and compliance of the physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM), Daping orthopedics operative risk scoring system for senile patient (DORSSSP), and our surgical risk scoring system for hip fracture in senile patients through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and to compare the predictive value of these systems for complication incidence and mortality.Results:The predictive model equation of the elderly hip fracture scoring system is: ln R1/ (1- R1) =-7.13+0.112× PS+0.148× OS; ln R2/ (1- R2) =-6.14+0.124× PS+0.136× OS; [ R1 is the incidence of complications, R2 is the mortality, PS (physiology score) is the score of preoperative physiological factors, and OS (operation score) is the score of surgical risk factors]. Among the 543 patients whose data were used to compared with the hip fracture scoring system, POSSUM and DORSSSP, 72 actually developed complications and 36 died. The complication rate predicted by surgical risk scoring system for hip fracture in senile patients was 12.05%±6.34% (range 6.18%-61.29%), and 64 cases were predicted to have complications. The predicted mortality was 6.05%±3.26% (range 2.45%-58.36%), and 29 cases were predicted to die. The complication rate predicted by POSSUM was 25.36%±13.95% (range 9.16%-76.34%), and 126 cases were predicted to have complications. The predicted mortality rate was 10.46%±5.31% (range 6.23%-59.34%), and 54 deaths were predicted. The predicted complication rate of DORSSSP was 19.34%±9.67% (range 8.36%-70.85%), and 99 cases were predicted to have complications. The predicted mortality was 10.12%±5.16% (range 7.35%-57.54%), and 52 deaths were predicted. In predicting the incidence of complications, the AUC of surgical risk scoring system for hip fracture in senile patients, POSSUM and DORSSSP were 0.95, 0.82 and 0.75, the sensitivity was 0.89, 0.83 and 0.85, the specificity was 0.80, 0.86 and 0.92, and the compliance rate was 0.94, 0.93 and 0.94, respectively. In the prediction of mortality, the AUC of surgical risk scoring system for hip fracture in senile patients, POSSUM and DORSSSP were 0.87, 0.67 and 0.71, the sensitivity was 0.85, 0.69 and 0.75, the specificity was 0.73, 0.94, 0.95, and the compliance rate was 0.94, 0.93 and 0.94, respectively. Conclusion:Compared with POSSUM and DORSSSP, hip fracture scoring system in elderly patients has improved its ability to predict surgical risk, and can accurately predict the incidence of complications and mortality in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery.

Objective:To compare the clinical results and costs of treatment between internal fixation and total hip replacement in patients aged 60 to 75 years with femoral neck fractures, in order to provide a reference basis for choosing the appropriate surgical procedure for patients in this age group.Methods:According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 69 patients treated with internal fixation and 88 patients treated with total hip replacement for femoral neck fractures, and collected relevant data to analyze the differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis between the two groups.Results:The total hip replacement group was older than the internal fixation group[68(64, 72) vs.63(61, 68), Z=-4.536, P<0.001]. There were 20 men(29.0%)and 49 women(71.0%)in the internal fixation group, and 13 men(14.8%)and 75 women(85.2%)in the total hip replacement group.Both groups had more women than men( χ2=4.706, P=0.030). The ratio of the displaced type to the non-displaced type was higher in the total hip replacement group than in the internal fixation group(90.9% vs.46.4%, χ2=37.510, P<0.001). Postoperative serum albumin levels were lower than preoperative levels in both groups, with greater decreases in the total hip replacement group than in the internal fixation group[(9.06±3.45)g/L vs.(7.07±3.37)g/L, t=-3.393, P=0.001]. The total hip replacement group had a higher intraoperative bleeding volume and blood transfusion volume than the internal fixation group( P<0.05), and the days of hospitalization[12(9, 14)d]and hospitalization costs[￥89222.1(84826.8, 93040.0)]were higher than those in the internal fixation group[9(8, 10)d; ￥51158.9(47816.5, 54098.4), Z=-5.138, -10.737, P<0.001 for both]. Weight-bearing after total hip replacement occurred earlier than the internal fixation group[32.0(28.0, 36.5)d vs.92.0(89.3, 95.5)d, Z=-10.228, P<0.001]. There were no significant differences between the two types of surgery for non-displaced femoral neck fractures at 1 year after surgery in the Harris hip score and the quality of life score EQ-5D.For patients with displacement, the rates of excellent and good outcomes based on the Harris score for the total hip replacement group were significantly higher than those for the internal fixation group at 1 year after surgery(97.5% vs.81.3%, χ2=6.697, P=0.010); the postoperative quality of life score EQ-5D was also better than that of the internal fixation group[0.9(0.7, 1.0) vs.1.0(1.0, 1.0), Z=-4.785, P<0.001], and the incidence of postoperative pain and anxiety was lower than that in the internal fixation group(6.3% vs.28.1%, 1.3%, vs.50.0%, χ2=7.928, 38.032, all P<0.01). Conclusions:The mortality and short-term postoperative complications between internal fixation and total hip replacement have no significant differences.There is no significant difference in postoperative function between the two surgical methods for patients with non-displaced femoral neck fractures.For patients with displacement, total hip arthroplasty is superior to internal fixation.The cost of initial hospitalization for internal fixation is significantly lower than for total hip replacement.

A large number of people would be exposed to irradiation in large-scale nuclear and radiation accidents or nuclear terrorist attacks. Therefore, it is urgent to establish rapid and high-throughput biodosimetry for in triage, providing a basis for emergency management. Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) possesses the high through put advantages of traditional flow cytometry and the sensitivity and specificity of microscope, and has a good application prospect in the research and development of rapid, automated, and high-throughput biological dose estimation technology. This article reviews the application progress of IFC in biodosimetry, and provides a reference for the development of biological dose estimation and detection equipment for large-scale nuclear and radiation accidents.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with femoral neck fracture in Tianjin Hospital.Methods:Data of femoral neck fracture patients discharged from Tianjin Hospital from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The gender, age, fracture type, injury mechanism and treatment method were collected.Results:Total of 2,150 eligible patients including 736 males and 1414 females were selected. There were significant differences in the gender distribution in different age groups ( χ2=91.63, P<0.001). Among young patients, males were more than females, while among middle-aged and elderly patients, females were more than males. The main type of fracture was displaced type (75.56%, 1,646/2,150), the displaced rate was the lowest in young patients (55.17%, 64/116), while it was the highest in old patients (81.91%, 1,159/1,415). The main injury mechanism of the three age groups were falls [young 61.21% (71/116), middle 80.29% (497/619), eldly 91.24% (1,291/1,415)]. There was a significant difference in the treatment methods between different age groups ( χ2=1,057.11, P<0.001). The main treatment method for young and middle-aged patients was internal fixation, no matter whether the fracture was displaced or not. The proportion of undisplaced patients with internal fixation (86.22%, 169/196) was higher than that of displaced patients with internal fixation (62.88%, 266/423) in middle-aged group ( χ2=34.93, P<0.001). In the elderly, more patients used internal fixation in undisplaced group, while more patients used hemiarthroplasty in displaced group. The age of old femoral neck fracture (median age was 74) was older than that of fresh fracture (median age was 70) ( Z=-2.777, P=0.005). And the displaced rate of patients with old femoral neck fracture (92.41%, 73/79) was higher than that of the fresh ones (75.95%, 1,573/2,071)( χ2=11.48, P=0.001). The patients with old femoral neck fracture usually adopt total hip replacement, while the proportion of three kinds of operation (internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty, total hip replacement) were similar among the fresh ones, and the internal fixation was the most. Conclusion:Femoral neck fracture is the most common in elderly women. The patients with displaced fracture are more than that with undisplaced fracture. Falling is the main injury mechanism in both young and old people. Internal fixation is commonly used in young and middle-aged patients, while arthroplasty is often used in elderly patients.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of delayed surgery for hip fracture in the elderly patients.Methods:A totally 779 elderly hip fracture patients who were hospitalized and operated in the first ward of the Department of Trauma and Hip Arthritis of Tianjin Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 were collected. According to the time from admission to surgery, the patients were divided into early surgery group (received surgery within 48 hours after admission) 213 cases, delayed surgery group (received surgery more than 48 hours after admission) 566 cases. In this study, the following parameters were collected as potential factors affecting surgery, including: age, gender, fracture type, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, blood test indicators, chest radiograph, urine routine indicators, lower extremity venous thrombosis, and basic comorbidities, mental state, surgical methods, combined medication.Results:In the early operation group, there were 213 cases, 81 males and 132 females; age 69.9±10.2 years (range, 60-74 years); 95 cases of femoral neck, 118 of femoral intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures; 128 cases of ASA I-II grade, 85 of III-V grade; 26 cases of abnormal cardiac function, 187 of normal; 23 cases of abnormal liver function, 190 of normal; 35 cases of abnormal renal function, 178 of normal; 104 cases of abnormal respiratory system, 109 of normal; 110 cases of electrolyte imbalance, 103 of normal; 96 cases were positive for urinary ketone bodies and 117 cases were negative; 86 cases had lower extremity venous thrombosis, 127 cases had no lower extremity venous thrombosis; 32 cases had mental disorders, and 181 cases had no mental disorders; internal fixation was selected in 102 cases, and artificial hip replacement was selected in 111 cases. There were 48 cases with combined medication and 165 cases without combined medication. In the delayed operation group, there were 566 cases, including 262 males and 304 females; age 71.7±15.6 years (range, 58-91 years); 224 cases of femoral neck fractures, 342 of femoral intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures; 169 cases of ASA I-II, 397 of grade III-V; 169 cases of abnormal heart function and 397 of normal; 52 cases of abnormal liver function and 514 of normal; 90 cases of abnormal renal function and 476 of normal; 368 cases of abnormal respiratory system and 198 of normal; electrolyte imbalance 203 cases, 363 cases were normal; 261 cases were positive for urine ketone body, 305 cases were negative; 197 cases had lower extremity venous thrombosis, 369 cases had no lower extremity venous thrombosis; 141 cases had mental disorders, and 425 cases had no mental disorders; 226 cases had internal fixation as surgical method, 340 cases of artificial hip replacement were selected; 311 cases were combined with drugs, and 255 cases were not combined with drugs. There was no statistically significant difference between the early operation group and the delayed operation group in terms of age, gender, fracture type, abnormal liver function, abnormal renal function, urine ketone body, lower extremity venous thrombosis, and choice of surgical methods. There were statistically significant differences between the early operation group and the delayed operation group in terms of ASA classification, abnormal cardiac function, abnormal respiratory system, electrolyte disturbance, mental disorder, and combined medication. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that abnormal cardiac function, mental disorder, and combined medication were the influencing factors of delayed surgery for hip fracture in the elderly.Conclusion:The influencing factors of delayed surgery for hip fractures in the elderly are abnormal heart function, mental disorders, taking reserpine, clopidogrel and abnormal coagulation function.

Objective:To investigate the effect of serum lipid level on prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) at the initial treatment.Methods:The clinical data of patients with SCLC from 2012 to 2017 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the standard of appropriate level and abnormal stratification of blood lipid in Chinese population, the lipids included total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) at the time of initial treatment were grouped. Then the relationship between different lipid levels and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Finally, Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the independent prognostic factors of patients.Results:A total of 129 patients with SCLC were included in this study. At the time of initial treatment, there were 90 (69.8%) cases whose TC < 5.2 mmol/L, while 39 (30.2%) cases ≥5.2 mmol/L; 95 (73.6%) cases whose TG <1.7 mmol/L, while 34 (26.4%) cases ≥1.7 mmol/L; 27 (20.9%) cases whose HDLC <1.0 mmol/L while 102 cases (79.1%) ≥1.0 mmol/L; 90 (69.8%) cases whose LDLC <3.4 mmol/L while 39 cases (30.2%) ≥3.4 mmol/L. The patients′ triglyceride initial treatment was associated with their body mass index ( P<0.05). The median disease-free survival (PFS) of SCLC patients was related with their serum TC level and clinical stage ( P<0.05) and the overall survival (OS) was related with clinical stage of SCLC patients ( P<0.05). The median PFS of SCLC patients in the TC <1.7 mmol/L group at the initial treatment was 10.5 months, significantly longer than 8.8 months of the TC ≥1.7 mmol/L group ( P=0.024). The median OS of SCLC patients in the TG <1.7 mmol/L group at the initial treatment was 20.2 months, marginally longer than 15.6 months of the TG ≥1.7 mmol/L group ( P=0.097). Multivariate analysis result showed that, the TG level was an independent risk factor of SCLC progression at the time of initial treatment ( P=0.024). There was no significant correlation of TC, HDLC, LDLC and SCLC prognosis ( P>0.05). Conclusion:TG level is an independent risk factor for the progression of SCLC at the time of initial treatment, and the increase of TG level indicates rapid disease progression and poor prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of serum lipid level on prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) at the initial treatment.Methods:The clinical data of patients with SCLC from 2012 to 2017 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the standard of appropriate level and abnormal stratification of blood lipid in Chinese population, the lipids included total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) at the time of initial treatment were grouped. Then the relationship between different lipid levels and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Finally, Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the independent prognostic factors of patients.Results:A total of 129 patients with SCLC were included in this study. At the time of initial treatment, there were 90 (69.8%) cases whose TC < 5.2 mmol/L, while 39 (30.2%) cases ≥5.2 mmol/L; 95 (73.6%) cases whose TG <1.7 mmol/L, while 34 (26.4%) cases ≥1.7 mmol/L; 27 (20.9%) cases whose HDLC <1.0 mmol/L while 102 cases (79.1%) ≥1.0 mmol/L; 90 (69.8%) cases whose LDLC <3.4 mmol/L while 39 cases (30.2%) ≥3.4 mmol/L. The patients′ triglyceride initial treatment was associated with their body mass index ( P<0.05). The median disease-free survival (PFS) of SCLC patients was related with their serum TC level and clinical stage ( P<0.05) and the overall survival (OS) was related with clinical stage of SCLC patients ( P<0.05). The median PFS of SCLC patients in the TC <1.7 mmol/L group at the initial treatment was 10.5 months, significantly longer than 8.8 months of the TC ≥1.7 mmol/L group ( P=0.024). The median OS of SCLC patients in the TG <1.7 mmol/L group at the initial treatment was 20.2 months, marginally longer than 15.6 months of the TG ≥1.7 mmol/L group ( P=0.097). Multivariate analysis result showed that, the TG level was an independent risk factor of SCLC progression at the time of initial treatment ( P=0.024). There was no significant correlation of TC, HDLC, LDLC and SCLC prognosis ( P>0.05). Conclusion:TG level is an independent risk factor for the progression of SCLC at the time of initial treatment, and the increase of TG level indicates rapid disease progression and poor prognosis.