A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) method was established for simultaneous determination of seven characteristic components from the active fraction of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma in rat plasma, including galangin, kaempferol, kaempferide, pinocembrin, 1,7-diphenyl-4-en-3-heptanone, 5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone(DHPA), and 7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-4-en-3-heptanone(DPHB). The new developed HPLC-MS/MS method was applied to study the pharmacokinetics of the 7 characteristic components in rats with Helicobacter pylori gastritis. A Waters Sunfire C_(18) column(2.1 mm×150 mm, 3.5 μm) was used. The acetonitrile-aqueous solution(containing 0.1% formic acid) was adopted as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Seven components and internal standard(chlorogenic acid) were separated within 12 min. Mass spectrometric detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode using electrospray ionization(ESI) source with fast switching between positive and negative ions. The method was verified by specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability and met the requirements of pharmacokinetic study on the 7 components in rat plasma. Pharmacokinetic results showed that the average peak time(T_(max)) of the 7 components was 0.31-2.19 h, their elimination half-life(t_(1/2)) was 5.26-16.65 h, and the average residence time(MRT) was 6.29-31.03 h after the oral administration of the active fraction of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma to rats with H. pylori gastritis. The plasma exposure levels of galangin and DHPA were higher than those of the other components. The concentration-time curves of four detected flavonoids showed obvious double peaks. This study elucidated the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 7 characteristic components from the active fraction of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma in rats with H. pylori gastritis, providing a scientific basis for the identification of the pharmacodynamic substances of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma for treatment of H. pylori gastritis and the clinical application of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma in the prevention and treatment of H. pylori gastritis.
Animals ; Rats ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Helicobacter pylori/drug effects* ; Alpinia/chemistry* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Gastritis/metabolism* ; Helicobacter Infections/metabolism* ; Flavonoids/blood* ; Rhizome/chemistry* ; Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

This study investigates the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships of different Artemisia argyi germplasm resources to provide a basis for germplasm identification, variety selection, and resource protection. A total of 192 germplasm resources of A. argyi were studied, and EST-based simple sequence repeat(EST-SSR) primers were designed based on transcriptomic data of A. argyi. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification was performed on these resources, followed by fluorescence capillary electrophoresis to detect genetic diversity and construct DNA fingerprints. From 197 pairs of primers designed, 28 pairs with polymorphic and clear bands were selected. A total of 278 alleles were detected, with an average of 9.900 0 alleles per primer pair and an average effective number of alleles of 1.407 2. The Shannon's diversity index(I) for the A. argyi germplasm resources ranged from 0.148 1 to 0.418 0, with an average of 0.255 7. The polymorphism information content(PIC) ranged from 0.454 5 to 0.878 0, with an average of 0.766 9, showing high polymorphism. Cluster analysis divided the A. argyi germplasm resources into three major groups: Group Ⅰ contained 136 germplasm samples, Group Ⅱ contained 45, and Group Ⅲ contained 11. Principal component analysis also divided the resources into three groups, which was generally consistent with the clustering results. Mantel test results showed that the genetic variation in A. argyi populations was to some extent influenced by geographic distance, but the effect was minimal. Structure analysis showed that 190 germplasm materials had Q≥ 0.6, indicating that these germplasm materials had a relatively homogeneous genetic origin. Furthermore, 8 core primer pairs were selected from the 28 designed primers, which could distinguish various germplasm types. Using these 8 core primers, DNA fingerprints for the 192 A. argyi germplasm resources were successfully constructed. EST-SSR molecular markers can be used to study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of A. argyi, providing theoretical support for the identification and molecular-assisted breeding of A. argyi germplasm resources.
Artemisia/classification* ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Genetic Variation ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; DNA, Plant/genetics* ; Genetic Markers

AIM To determine the contents of chemical consituents in Lycii Fructus from Qaidam Basin.METHODS Spectrophotometry was adopted in the content determination of polysaccharides,total flavonoids and carotenoid.HPLC was applied to the content determination of betaine and scopoletin.Kjeldahl method was used for the content determination of protein.Then principal component analysis was performed.RESULTS The contents of carotenoid,betaine and scopoletin in samples from six growing areas showed obvious differences (P ＜ 0.05),while those of polysaccharides,total flavonoids and protein exhibited no obvious differences (P ＞ 0.05).The contents of various constituents in samples at three picking time also had no obvious differences (P ＞ 0.05).The comprehensive score of principal components of samples from Delingha City was the highest,followed by that from Ulan County.CONCLUSION The quality of Lycii Fructus from Qaidam Basin from Delingha City is the best.

ObjectiveTo explore clinical application of selecting flap by using of digital technique in treatment of hemifacial atrophy.MethodsSeven patients with hemifacial atrophy were selected,preoperative CT angiography was performed,deformity and flap three-dimensional reconstruction and design bone and soft tissues using Mimics 14.3 software, latissimus muscular flap or femur anterolateral flap were selected,according to tilt donor area and recipient area blood vessel diameter. Defect model were printed using rapid prototyping. ResultsHemifacial atrophy had a good postoperative shape,and the flaps survived in all the 7 cases.Follow-up 3 years,the flaps look well and the patients get expecting results. ConclusionsThe digital technique was a relatively useful tool that can assist surgeons with reconstruction of the flap,and accurate marking of the extent of the flap to be harvested.Therefore avoiding intraoperative injuries to the blood vessels to better survival of the flaps.

Objective To determine the effect of heat and noise on erythrocyte memb rane ATPase activities in pilots during flying. Method Twenty- four pilots per forming bombing for 3h (45～53℃, 122～97dB in the cabin) served as the su bjects . 21 ground personnel served as control (27℃ in the room). Blood samples were t aken from both groups before flying (6:00 a.m), and immediately (12:00 a.m.) and 8h (8:00 p.m.) after flying. Na+-K+ATPase, and Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase activities in erythrocyte membran e were determined with colorimetry. Result The Na+-K+ATPase activity in eryth rocyte membrane at 6:00 a.m.in pilots was higher than that in control group at the s ame time (P<0.01). The Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase activities in erythrocyte membrane at 12:00 a .m. and 8:00 p.m. in pilots were significantly higher, compared with those in co ntrol group at the same time (P<0.01). Conclusion The ATPase values obtained in our study were all within normal range, and the daytim e variation of both groups are the same. Exposure of human body to heat and noi se for long time may be harmful, the higher ATPase activity is, the more catabol ism of ATP will be. ATP exhaustion will lead to Ca2+ overload in erythrocy te thus stiffen the red cell membrane.

Objective To investigate the effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction for allergic rhinitis(AR)with spleen -qi de-ficiency in guinea pigs.Methods AR guinea -pig model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin for general sensitization and then by nasal drip of ovalbumin for local sensitization.Spleen -qi deficiency mod el was induced by gastric infusion of cold -maceration extract of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.Fifty -four guinea pigs were randoml y allocated to four groups:AR group(Group A),AR model with spleen -qi deficiency group(Group B),AR model with spleen -qi deficiency treated by Buzhong Yiqi group(Group C)and blank control group(Group D).Nasal symptoms were observed.The number of eosinophils(EOS )in nasal secretion was detected by sm ear cytologic examination and the number of EOS and mastocyte in nasal mucosa was exa mined by pathological section.Results Before local sensitization,nasal s ymp-toms such as nose scratching,sneezing and nasal discharge in Group A,Gro up B and Group C were severer than those in Group D and were improved in Group C in the late stage.Positive rate of EOS i n nasal secretion and nasal mucosa of Group C and Group D was lower than that in Group A and Group B and the differen ce was insignificant between Group C and Group D.The number of mastocyte i n Group C was lower than that in Group A and Group B.Conclusion Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can relieve nasal symptom s in AR Guinea pigs with spleen -qi deficiency by counteracting the infiltration of EOS and the increase of nastocytes in nasal mucosa.

Transposition of simple or composite forearm island flaps with a radial vascular pedicle was performed in repairing tissue defects of the hand and reconstruction of the thumb in 16 patients. It was found to be easy to operate and no suturing of blood vessels was necessary. The postoperative swelling was less marked. The flap was good in texture and sensation after the operation. The overall result wassatisfactory. Anatomic-physiological situdy was also carried out. 16 patients have been operated on, including 2 thumb reconstructions, with satisfactoryresults.