Objective To analyze the metabolic changes of myocardial tissue in rats under acute exposure to macleaya cordata by gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS),explore forensic identifications of its characteristic metabolites,and verify its toxicological mechanism in poisoning cases.Methods The rats in the exposure group were given 382 mg/kg macleaya extract solution by gavage,and the rats in the control group were given the same dose of solvent.The myocardial samples were analyzed by GC-MS,and pattern recognition was conducted through partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLSDA).The differential metabolites with characteristic changes were identified by variable importance projection(VIP value＞1)and Student's t test(P＜0.01).Results Compared with the control group,21 potential characteristic metabolites were identified.Through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis,it was found that these metabolites were mainly involved in the pathways of glycine,serine and threonine metabolism;pyruvate metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism.Conclusion Through the study of myocardial metabolism in rats exposed to macleaya cordata,we found the information on metabolites closely related to poisoning,which provides new insight and reference for studies on the mechanisms of macleaya cordata poisoning in the field of forensic medicine.

Objective To investigate the effect of Danhuangsan on high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell injury based on PINK 1/Parkin signaling pathway,and to explore its specific mechanism.Methods Human um-bilical vein endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control group,growth factor group,Danhuangsan group,high glucose group,high glucose+growth factor group,high glucose+Danhuangsan group,with 3 cases in each group,treated for 48 hours.Cell scratch test was used to detect cell migration rate,and Transwell test was used to detect cell invasion rate.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2,Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of PINK 1,Parkin and LC 3-Ⅱ.Results Cell scratch test and Transwell test showed that under normal environment and high glucose treatment,Danhuangsan could reduce the cell migration and invasion rate(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence assay showed that under normal environment and high glucose treatment,Danhuang-san up-regulated the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 protein in cells(P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that under normal environment and high glucose treatment,Danhuangsan increased the protein expression levels of PINK 1,Parkin and LC 3-Ⅱ in cells and down-regulated the expression levels of Bax protein(P＜0.05),and the effects of Danhuang powder were significantly better than those of blank serum and growth factor(P＜0.05).Conclusion Danhuangsan can alleviate high glucose-induced endothelial cell injury by activating PINK 1/Parkin pathway,and the mechanism may be related to promoting mitophagy and enhancing the repair of damage.

BACKGROUNDS: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of deaths nationwide. However, little is understood about its temporal trend and corresponding influence on longevity improvements. We aimed to describe the updated tendency in CVD mortality and to quantify its impact on life expectancy (LE) increase in China. METHODS: All-cause mortality rates were calculated with population sizes from the National Bureau of Statistics and death counts from the National Health Commission. We estimated CVD mortality rates by allocating age- and sex-based mortality envelopes to each CVD subtype based on its proportion derived from the Disease Surveillance Points system. The probability of CVD premature deaths and LE were calculated with life tables and we adopted Arriaga's method to quantitate age- and cause-specific contributions to LE gains. RESULTS: During 2013 to 2018, the age-standardized mortality rate of CVD decreased from 289.69 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 289.03, 290.35)/100,000 to 272.37 (95%CI: 271.81, 272.94)/100,000, along with a decline in probability of CVD premature deaths from 9.05% (95%CI: 9.02%, 9.09%) to 8.13% (95%CI: 8.10%, 8.16%). The gap in CVD mortality across sexes expanded with more remarkable declines in females, especially for those aged 15 to 64 years. Among major subtypes, the probability of premature deaths from hemorrhage stroke declined fastest, while improvements of ischemic stroke and ischemic heart disease were limited, and there was an increase in stroke sequelae. LE in China reached 77.04 (95%CI: 76.96, 77.12) years in 2018 with an increase of 1.38 years from 2013. Of the total LE gains, 21.15% (0.29 years) were attributed to reductions of CVD mortality in the overall population, mostly driven by those aged >65 years. CONCLUSIONS The general process in reducing CVD mortality has contributed to longevity improvements in China. More attention should be paid to prevention and control of atherosclerotic CVD and stroke sequelae, especially for the elderly. Working-age males also deserve additional attention due to inadequate improvements.
Aged ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Life Expectancy ; China/epidemiology* ; Disease Progression ; Stroke ; Cause of Death

With the rapid development of healthcare technologies, the improvement of patient health expecta-tions, and the increasing of the government or insurer's financial budget pressure, risk-sharing agreements has be-come the focus of the governments or insurer concerned. This article systematically analyzed Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan risk-sharing agreements from five aspects, including the operation main, scope, classification, application processes and the implementation effects. According to the results of the analysis, we suggests that China should im-prove risk-sharing agreements theoretical basis, diversify risk-sharing agreements models, establish risk-sharing a-greements standardization process and so on.

Objective To study the trends over time in meningococcal meningitis with Neisseria meningitidis .Methods Routine reported data on Meningococcal meningitis with Neisseria meningitidis in Shijiazhuang from 1949 to 2014 were used to study the trends of disease severity,disease distribution and serogroup switching of Neisseria meningitidis strains over time.The qualitative description and the quantitative evaluation was performed by the annual percent change (APC)in incidence to demonstrate the secular trends.The t test and χ2 test were performed when appropriate.Results From 1949 to 2014, 53 779 meningococcal meningitis cases were reported in Shijiazhuang.Of the 53 779 cases,36 170 were male and 17 609 were female,which was significantly different (χ2 =581 .04,P =0.000).It occurred all the year round,with an increased incidence between February and April,accounting for 81 .44%.The epidemic peak occurred about every 10 years.The range of annual incidence rate was from 0.01/lakh to 387.21/lakh.APC was -4.65 (t=-11 .72,P =0.000).The significant decline of APC were found in the age group of 0—1 year (t=-10.56,P =0.000),1 —5 year (t =-14.32,P =0.000),5 —10 year (t=-11 .01 ,P =0.003 ),10—15 year (t = -8.34,P =0.033 )and 40—50 year (t = -7.42,P =0.045).The risk population was those under 5 years old during 1949 to 2002 period and the serogroup was dominated by A strains.Whereas during 2003 to 2014,that was those of 5 —15 years old,and the dominant serogroup was C strains. Conclusions There is a remarkable decline in incidence of meningococcal meningitis in Shijiazhuang.The serogroup changes from A strains to C strains and the risk population of cases shifts to older children.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe actual evaluation of immunological function is significant for studing the tumor development and devising a treatment in time. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunological function of advanced lung cancer patients systematically, and to discuss the clinical significance.

METHODSThe nucleated cell amounts of advanced lung cancer patients and the healthy individuals were counted. The immune cell subsets and the levels of IL-4, INF-gamma, perforin and granzyme in CD8+T cells by the flow cytometry were measured. The proliferation activity and the inhibition ratio of immune cells to several tumor cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay.

RESULTSThe absolute amounts and subsets of T, B, NK cells of advanced lung cancer patients were lower than the healthy individuals (P < 0.05); However, the proportion of regulatory T cells of advanced lung cancer patients (4.00 +/- 1.84)% was lower than the healthy individuals (1.27 +/- 0.78)% (P < 0.05). The positive rates of IFN-gamma perforin, granzyme in CD8+T cells decreased while them in IL-4 did not in the advanced lung cancer patients compared to the healthy control group (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity of immune cells, the positive rate of PPD masculine and the inhibition ratio to tumor cells in the advanced lung cancer patients was lower than the healthy subsets obviously (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was a significant immune depression in the advanced lung cancer patients compared to the healthy individuals.

Adult ; Aged ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Granzymes ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perforin ; metabolism

Objective: To analyze the survival rate of stomach cancer patients and its variation during different periods in Linzhou city, Henan Province, from 1988 to 2004, and evaluate the level of secondary prevention and diagnosis of stomach cancer in this area. Methods: All of the incidence and death records of stomach cancer from 1988 to 2004 were collected and matched from Linzhou Cancer Registry. The records that were identified as duplicate cases or had only death certificate (DCO) were excluded. The tumor cause eliminated life tables in this area were calculated and linked to the data of incidence and death of stomach cancer. FivE-year observed survival rates and fivE-year relative survival rates in three periods (1990-1994, 1995-1999, and 2000-2004) were calculated using period survival analysis mehod. The relative survival curves in the three periods were plotted. Results:The 5-year relative survival rate of stomach cancer was 26.66% during 1990-1994, 32.01% during 1995-1999, and 40.43% during 2000-2004 in Linzhou city. It showed a gradually increasing trend. The 5-year survival rates were higher in males than those in females. During 1990-1994 and 1995-1999, the 5-year survival rates of gastric cardia cancer were higher than those of non-cardia cancer. During 2000-2004 period, the 5-year survival rate of gastric cardia cancer was lower than that of non-cardia cancer. Conclusion: The survival rates of stomach cancer in Linzhou city are increasing gradually since 1990s in 20 century. It indicates that the levels of secondary prevention and clinical diagnosis and treatment on stomach cancer kept increasing in this area.

Objective To discuss the value of pregnantal ultrasonography(US) on fetus' complicate congenital heart diseases(CHD). Methods The uhrasonographic fetures of fetus complicate CHD were analyzed and compared with the pathological diagnosis. Resells Twenty fetus' complicate CHD were diagnosed by pregnantal US. Four cases with single ventricle, two eases with transposition of great arteries,two eases with double outlet right ventricle,two cases with truncus arteriosus,three cases with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, three cases with endocardial cushion defect, two cases with hypoplastic right heart syndrome,one case with tetralogy of Fallot and one case with pulmonary atresia were included. The diagnosing according rate was 100%. Conclusions Pregnantal US can fully evaluate the fetus' complicate CHD.

[Objective]To investigate diagnosis of lumbar instability,segment of spinal canal decompression and principle of fixation and fusion.[Method]158 cases of degnenerative lumbar instability from Feb 2001 and Oct 2006 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,the patients were operated with posterior decompression,instrumentation with pedicle screw and interbody or inter-transverse fusion.Patients all were examined with lumbar radiographys of lateral flexion and extension and with lumbar CT befor operation,Patients began to walk after operation one week,6 months later,restore to normal activities.[Result]The preoperative spinal canal area was 56~114 mm2,averaged 74 mm2,the postoperative spinal canal area 204~296 mm2,averaged 221 mm2.The patients were followed up from 6 months to 5 years(averaged 2 years and 5 months).The score was evaluated according to the JOA score.The preoperative score was averaged 3.7,the postoperative score was averaged 13.2,the improving rate was averaged 85%.108 case excellent,46 good,3 fairand 1 bad,The excellent and good rate was 97.5% in this group.[Conclusion]The spinal stability can be effectively maintained and reconstructed by decompression of spinal canal and instrumentation with pedicle screw system and fusion,which is a good method for treating Degnenerative instability of lumbar spine.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anticancer activity of three-pronged approach: liposome transfer cytosine deaminase (CD) gene, ionizing radiation, and dendritic cells (DCs).

METHODSAfter rectal cancer cells were killed by CD and 5-FC and radiotherapy with improved liposome transfection and radiosensitization, the killed cancer cells, DCs and T lymphocytes were incubated together. The uptake of (3)H-TdR weighed the immune activity of DCs. The effect of anticancer was monitored by MTT.

RESULTSDCs acquired the apoptosis body and other antigen from the killed cancer cells and presented them to T-lymphocytes. The induced CTL killed the cancer cells powerfully and selectively. The mortality of rectal cancer cells was 98.1%, 76.2%, 37.8% at the ratio of efficacy to target of 30:1, 15:1, 1:1, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe three-pronged approach may represent a powerful and safe means to selectively destroy cancer cells.

Combined Modality Therapy ; Cytosine Deaminase ; Dendritic Cells ; Gamma Rays ; therapeutic use ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Liposomes ; Nucleoside Deaminases ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Rectal Neoplasms ; mortality ; radiotherapy ; therapy