OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of ropivacaine combined with oxycodone for the analgesia of iliac fascia nerve block in patients undergoing hip replacement. METHODS Sixty-six patients who underwent hip replacement at the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from October 2023 to April 2024 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 33 cases in each group. Before induction of anesthesia， ultrasound-guided iliac fascial nerve block was performed. Patients in the observation group were treated with 0.33% ropivacaine+0.1 mg/kg oxycodone injection mixture 30 mL， and patients in the control group were treated with 0.33% ropivacaine injection 30 mL. The time of first postoperative rescue analgesia， 24 h postoperative analgesic drug consumption， sensory block and motor block effective and maintenance time， satisfaction degree， numerical rating scale （NRS） pain score， Ramsay sedation score， muscle strength score， heart rate （HR）， mean arterial pressure （MAP）， oxygen saturation（SpO2）， sleep score， anxiety score， and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were all recorded. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the first rescue analgesia time after operation was significantly prolonged in the observation group， and 24 h postoperative analgesic drug consumption after operation decreased； the effective time of sensory block was significantly shortened， and the maintenance time of sensory block was significantly prolonged， and the satisfaction score was higher； the NRS pain score after iliac fascia nerve block was lower， HR and MAP were lower， and the anxiety score and sleep score 24 and 48 h after operation were lower （P＜0.05）. In terms of safety， patients in both groups had adverse reactions after operation， such as hypertension， nausea， vomiting， and dizziness， but there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Oxycodone combined with ropivacaine shows good efficacy and safety for iliac fascial nerve block analgesia in patients undergoing hip replacement， can significantly prolong the analgesic time of ropivacaine， reduce postoperative analgesic drug consumption， improve the sleep quality of patients， and promote the rapid recovery of patients.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and offspring social behavior, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further research on intergenerational social behavioral development. Methods: Relevant research literature about maternal ACEs and the development of children s maladaptive social behaviors were collected, from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase and SpringLink databases, covering the period from the inception of each database to May 2025. The Chinese database matched and searched through three groups of keywords: "Pregnant women" "Mothers" and "Women"; "Bad childhood experience" "Bad early experience" and "Bad adolescent experience"; "Children" "Teenagers" "Children s behavior" "Children s development" "Teenagers behavior" "Internalized behavior" and "Externalized behavior". The English database was searched by three groups of keywords: "Female" "Pregnant women" "Mothers"; "Adverse childhood experiences" "Adverse early childhood experiences" "Adverse experiences of adolescent"; "Child behavior" "Child development" "Adolescent behavior" "Internalized behaviors" "Externalized behaviors". The selected literature was evaluated for quality and data extraction, with OR and 95% CI as effect indicators. Stata 16.0 software was used for heterogeneity testing, subgroup analysis, and publication bias analysis. Results: A total of 14 studies involving 64 302 mother-child pairs were included. The Meta analysis results showed a significant correlation between maternal ACEs and both offspring maladaptive internalized behaviors ( OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.42-2.15, P <0.01) and externalized behaviors ( OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.51-2.20, P <0.01). The results of subgroup analyses showed that in different regions[internalized behaviors:domestic, foreign OR (95% CI )=2.03(1.49-2.76), 1.55(1.19-2.03); externalized behaviors: domestic, foreign OR (95% CI )=2.41(1.52-3.82), 1.65(1.36-2.01)], study type[internalized behaviors: cohort study, cross sectional study OR (95% CI )=1.64(1.34-2.00), 1.85(1.30-2.65); externalized behaviors: cohort study, cross sectional study OR (95% CI )=1.76(1.46-2.12), 2.12(1.40-3.20)], sample size [internalized behaviors: ≥4 000, <4 000 pairs OR (95% CI )=1.69(1.13-2.55), 1.77( 1.41 -2.24); externalized behaviors: ≥3 000, <3 000 pairs OR (95% CI )=1.72(1.37-2.17), 2.13(1.44-3.15)], there were significant and positive association between mothers ACEs and children s internalizing and externalizing behaviors (all P <0.05). Conclusion A substantial positive association exists between maternal ACEs and the development of offspring maladaptive internalized and externalized behaviors, but the result needs to be continued to be validated by more research.

Objective To systematically evaluate the measurement properties and methodological quality of the liver cancer patients specific self-reported outcome assessment tools,and to provide a basis for healthcare professionals to select a high-quality scale.Methods Systematic search of PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP Database,Wanfang Database,and China Biomedical Literature Database was conducted for studies related to the evaluation of the measurement properties of liver cancer specific self-reported outcome assessment tools.The search period was from the date of creation to February 1,2024,and 2 researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction according to the COSMIN selection criteria,and used the COSMIN Risk of Bias Inventory and Quality Criteria Scale to measure the methodological quality and measurement properties,and the final recommendations were formed.Results A total of 12 studies involving 8 specific self-reported outcome assessment tools for liver cancer patients were included.Finally,TSM-PLC was recommended at level A;EORTC QLQ-HCC18,QOL-LC,QLICP-LI were recommended at level C;FACT-HEP,MDASI-Periop-Hep,Quality of Life Scale for Liver Cancer Patients,and FHSI-8 were recommended at level B.Conclusion Compared to other scales,TSM-PLC has relatively good methodological quality and measurement properties,and is recommended for use as a priority.Due to its evaluation content mainly focusing on the patient's physical symptom distress,it can be used in conjunction with other scales to enhance the comprehensiveness of the evaluation.

BackgroundPrevious studies have found that patients with generalized anxiety disorder （GAD） have impaired performance in executive function， and group cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） has been shown to be effective in alleviating negative affect in patients with GAD， while its efficacy on executive function remains unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of group CBT on anxiety symptom and executive function in GAD patients， so as to provide references for the rehabilitation program for GAD. MethodsA total of 80 consecutive patients with GAD who were hospitalized in Sleep and Psychosomatic Medical Center of Shiyan Taihe Hospital from March 2021 to August 2022 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） diagnostic criteria for GAD were enrolled， and they were assigned into study group （n=40） and control group （n=40） using random number table methods. All patients were subjected to routine medication treatment and regular health education， based on this， study group received group CBT once a week （6 weeks， 60 to 90 minutes per session）. At the enrollment and after 6 weeks of treatment， patients were assessed using Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） and Frontal Assessment Battery （FAB）. ResultsANOVA with repeated measures on HAMA score revealed a significant time effect （F=1 870.320， P<0.01）， no significant group effect and no significant time×group interaction effect （F=1.254， 0.293， P>0.05）. Significant time effect， group effect and time×group interaction effect were reported on FAB scores （F=311.190， 4.399， 7.021， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Further analysis indicated that FAB scores of both groups after treatment were higher than those at baseline （t=200.569， 115.401， P<0.01）.And the FAB score of study group was higher than that of control group after treatment （t=-3.211， P<0.01）. ConclusionGroup CBT combined with medication treatment for GAD may alleviate the anxiety symptoms and improve executive function in GAD patients. ［Funded by Shiyan Science and Technology Bureau Pilot Scientific Research Project （number， 21Y21）］

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Hubei. Methods Pharyngeal swab specimens from 16,500 patients with suspected influenza infection admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected. Viral detection and serotyping were performed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the epidemiological and clinical data of patients were collected to analyze the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of influenza viruses. Results A total of 16 500 clinical specimens were tested in this study, with a positive detection rate of 16.27% (2 684/16 500). The positive detection rate was 5.10% (862/16 500) for influenza A virus, 10.13% (1 672/16 500) for influenza B virus and 0.91% (150/16 500) for mixed influenza. The positive detection rate of influenza viruses was on the rise from 2020 to 2022 , reaching 18.43% in 2022. Seasonal distribution analysis denoted that the highest positive detection rates were observed in spring (18.23%) and winter (19.72%), with statistical difference (P<0.05). In terms of age distribution, patients<12 years (19.14%) had the highest positive detection rate, followed by those >60 years (17.71%), with statistical difference (P<0.05). From 2020 to 2022, the positive detection rate of influenza virus was 16.89% in males, which was higher than 15.63% in females (P<0.05). The main clinical symptoms were fever (86.89%) and cough (80.27%) for influenza A virus infections, cough (92.52%) and fever (86.06%) for influenza B virus infections, and cough (94.00%), fever (88.00%) and runny nose (86.00%) for mixed infections. Conclusion The influenza B viruses are the leading cause of influenza in Hubei from 2020 to 2022, and the infection demonstrates an increasing annual trend, with a high prevalence in winter and spring. Furthermore, children and the elderly are high-risk populations, and clinical manifestions are mainly cough and fever.

Guizhi Mahuang Geban Tang derived from ZHANG Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold Damage is included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic formulas （the second batch） issued by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. By reviewing the ancient literature related to Guizhi Mahuang Geban Tang， this study analyzed the origin， medicinal composition， original plants and processing， dosage， decocting method， compatibility， effects， and indications of this formula. A total of 186 records of Guizhi Mahuang Geban Tang were obtained， involving 108 ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine. There are 6 synonyms of Guizhi Mahuang Geban Tang. This formula consists of Cinnamomi Ramulus， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Ephedrae Herba， Jujubae Fructus， and Armeniacae Semen Amarum， the original plants and processing of which are clear. With consideration to the dosage in modern clinical practice， it is recommended that the formula should be composed of 7.67 g Cinnamomi Ramulus， 4.60 g Paeoniae Radix Alba， 4.60 g Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， 4.60 g Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， 4.60 g Ephedrae Herba， 4.00 g Jujubae Fructus， and 2.60 g Armeniacae Semen Amarum. The decoction should be prepared by boiling Ephedrae Herba with 1 000 mL water for 15 min before the addition of other medicines， and the mixture was decocted to reach a volume of 360 mL， and 120 mL of the decoction should be taken warm once. Guizhi Mahuang Geban Tang is a combination of Guizhi Tang and Mahuang Tang， with the effects of dispersing wind cold and harmonizing nutrient-defense. The main diseases treated by this formula in the past dynasties have expanded compared with those in Treatise on Cold Damage. The traditional indications of this formula involve the diseases of greater Yang， reverting Yin， Yang brightness， and lesser Yin. In addition to common cold due to wind-cold， this formula can be used to treat headache， bitter mouth， dry throat， full abdomen， panting， heat invading blood chamber in women， skin itching， exanthema variolosum， syncope， and hardly perceivable pulse. In modern clinical practice， Guizhi Mahuang Geban Tang is used for treating pulmonary diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection， skin diseases （e.g.， urticaria， eczema， psoriasis， and neurodermatitis）， kidney failure， and diabetes complicated with pruritus.

Blinding is an important means to control and reduce measurement bias in clinical research， and blinding assessment is the main method to measure the success of the blinding method. By summarizing the current situation of blinding assessment in randomized controlled trials （RCT） of acupuncture， it was found that the report rate of blinding assessment by acupuncture RCT was relatively low， and the studies reporting blinding assessment had several problems， such as incomplete assessment individuals， unreasonable assessment questionnaires， and unscientific analysis methods， and the setting of the assessment time point is controversial. Given the above problems， this paper discussed the key elements of blinding assessment individuals， assessment questionnaires， assessment time points， and analysis methods. It is suggested that blinding assessment should be carried out on all blinded participants and personnel in the study； the assessment questionnaire should be designed by direct inquiry， with responses designed using three or more categorical options that include an "unclear" option； the early stage of the trial should be taken as the mandatory time point for assessment， integrating the evaluation index of the James blinding index and the Bang blinding index， in order to standardize the application of blinding assessment in acupuncture RCT and improve the quality of acupuncture clinical research.

AIM: To investigate the effects of placement of the absorbable packing material Nasopore around the anastomosis site on postoperative re-bleeding, discomfort, and on the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(En-DCR).METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled study. A total of 101 patients(101 eyes)diagnosed with chronic dacryocystitis that underwent En-DCR in the ophthalmology department, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine from November 2020 to October 2021 were collected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to whether they were packed with Nasopore at the end of operation, namely, the packed group(49 eyes)and the non-packed group(52 eyes). The postoperative follow-up was 9 mo, the degree of re-bleeding, discomfort, and postoperative success rate(including anatomical success rate and functional success rate)were compared between the two groups of patients.RESULTS: This study included 94 patients, including 45(45 eyes)and 49(49 eyes)in packed group and non-packed group, respectively. The En-DCR was performed successfully in all patients. Postoperative re-bleeding occurred in 1 eye(2%)in the packed group, and 9 eyes(18%)in the non-packed group(P<0.05); postoperative nasal discomfort occurred in 2 cases(4%)in the packed group, and 9 cases(18%)in the non-packed group(P<0.05); The success rate of postoperative anatomical success rate was 93%(42/45)in the packed group and 88%(43/49)in the non-packed group(P>0.05). The postoperative functional success rate was 89%(40/45)in the packed group and 86%(42/49)in the non-packed group(P>0.05). Other complications such as orbital fat prolapse, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, sinusitis, visual impairment and double vision were not observed in all patients during the follow-up.CONCLUSION: Nasal packing absorbable material Nasopore around the anastomosis at the end of En-DCR operation can reduce postoperative re-bleeding and postoperative discomfort of patients, and it has no obvious effect on the postoperative success rate.

Blinding is an important method to control the measure bias in clinical trials.As a complex and invasive intervention,acupuncture has more difficulty in blinding implementation compared to drugs and has a higher risk of unblinding breakage.This article provides an overview of the blinding in acupuncture clinical study and summarized the key aspects,including:there is no standard for the application and reporting of sham acupuncture design and blinding measures,appropriate sham acupuncture devices still need to be developed,currently there are no effective methods of operator blinding,blinding assessment has not been given due attention,sham acupuncture design should be standardized and reported.Researchers should conduct further studies to address critical questions and challenges to provide methodological support to improve and promote the quality of acupuncture clinical research.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasonography for injuries of anterior talofibular ligament(ATFL)and anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament distal fascicle(ATiFL-DF)in patients with ankle fractures.Methods:Clinical data of 51 patients with ankle fractures who were clinically suspected of ligament injuries and underwent ankle ultrasonography examination and arthroscopy in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine from April 2019 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Using arthroscopic results as the gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)of ultrasonography in diagnosing ATFL and ATiFL-DF injuries were evaluated,and Kappa consistency test was performed.Results:The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in diagnosis of ATFL injury were 100.0%and 92.3%,with the PPV of 92.6%and NPV of 100.0%.Ultrasonography findings exhibited excellent concordance with arthroscopic results(kappa=0.849).The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in diagnosis of ATiFL-DF injury was 86.7%and 33.3%,with the PPV of 90.7%and NPV of 25.0%.However,the consistency between ultrasonography and arthroscopic results was poor(kappa=0.168).Conclusions:Ultrasonography is reliable in assessing injuries of ATFL in patients with ankle fractures,but its specificity in diagnosing ATiFL-DF is poor.Therefore,ankle arthroscopy remains necessary for ankle fracture patients with negative findings of ATiFL-DF in ultrasonography.