Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Objective To analyze the epidemiological distribution of new occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as "pneumoconiosis") in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022. Methods Data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022 were collected, and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed using descriptive analysis method. Results A total of 972 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases were reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022. Except for mica pneumoconiosis, 12 other types of pneumoconiosis were reported. Most of the cases were males, accounting for 97.0%. The diagnosis age of the cases of 40-<60 years old accounted for 77.4%, and the dust exposure age<30 years of the cases accounted for 96.4%. Silicosis was the most common type of pneumoconiosis, followed by coal workers' pneumoconiosis, accounting for 64.6% and 27.9%, respectively. The cases of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ pneumoconiosis accounted for 77.7%, 14.9% and 7.4%, respectively. The regional distribution was mostly in Hechi City, accounting for 51.9%. Industry distribution was more common in non-ferrous metal mining, coal mining and washing industry, accounting for 64.9% in total. Most cases were reported in private enterprises and small to medium-sized enterprises, accounting for 53.7% and 76.6% respectively. The most common occupations were coal miners and drillers, accounting for 47.7% in total. Conclusion Newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region show certain clustering characteristics in terms of disease type, region, enterprise characteristics, and occupation distribution. The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in small and medium-sized private enterprises in key areas and key industries should be strengthened, especially for workers over 40 years old and with less than 30 years of dust exposure.

[Objective] To predict potential target genes for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) with stigmasterol and construct a relevant prognostic model, in order to reveal its antiglioma mechanism and the role of these target genes in the prognosis of GBM patients. [Methods] Differential expression genes in GBM and stigmasterol target genes were obtained via online databases. Venn diagram was used to select potential target genes for stigmasterol treatment of GBM, and enrichment analysis was performed using R language. Univariate COX regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis were made to select stigmasterol target genes related to the prognosis of GBM patients and construct a relevant prognostic model. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting analyses were used to detect the effect of stigmasterol on the expressions of related target genes. [Results] In this study, a total of 31 potential target genes for the treatment of GBM with stigmasterol were identified. Enrichment analysis showed that these target genes were associated with the activation of the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway and the regulation of lipid metabolism. Regression analysis identified two stigmasterol target genes, namely, fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) and alpha 1B adrenergic receptor (ADRA1B), which are associated with the prognosis of GBM. A prognostic model constructed based on these two genes could accurately predict the prognosis of GBM patients. Finally, stigmasterol inhibited the expressions of these two genes in GBM cells (FABP5: t=9.909, P=0.001; ADRA1B: t=3.319, P=0.029). [Conclusion] Stigmasterol’s anti-tumor effect may be linked to its regulation of GPCR signaling pathways and lipid metabolism. By inhibiting the expressions of FABP5 and ADRA1B, stigmasterol could potentially enhance the prognosis for GBM patients. Additionally, a prognostic model based on the expression levels of FABP5 and ADRA1B can be valuable for predicting patient outcomes and monitoring therapeutic efficacy in GBM.

On the basis of the clinical characteristics of atherosclerosis(AS)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and Western medicine,this paper analyzes common animal models of AS.The coincidence of clinical characteristics of the models was scored in the hope of providing new ideas and a reference for those studying AS.This paper reviews the varieties,modeling method,modeling principles,and characteristics of common animal models of AS.Moreover,similarities among common animal models,in terms of their clinical diagnostic criteria and symptom characteristics,were assessed.High-fat feeding type,mechanical injury combined with high-fat feeding type,genetic engineering combined with high-fat feeding type,chemical induction combined with high-fat feeding type,and combined Chinese clinical syndrome and Western disease AS models are widely established.Comparative analysis showed that balloon injury combined with high fat feeding type,ApoE receptor-knockout mouse combined with high-fat diet type,and phlegm and blood stasis type models of disease and symptom combinations showed a comparatively high level of clinical agreement between Chinese and Western medicine.Presently,most animal models of AS have a high degree of relevance to Western medicine,and the evaluation criteria used for the models are predominately from a Western medicine perspective.Models that combine disease and syndrome are lacking,hindering the development of wholism concepts and treatment through the differentiation of syndromes used in TCM.Therefore,establishing an animal model with a high degree of accuracy and coincidence between TCM and Western perspectives that combines the disease and its TCM symptoms is a top priority for studying the prevention and treatment of AS.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and consistency of a new digital classification system of pelvic fractures named as JST classification based on close reduction techniques.Methods:A retrospective collection was conducted of the data from the 63 patients with pelvic fracture who had undergone surgical treatment after JST classification at Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023. Digital classification of the pelvic fractures was performed based on their locations and displacements. The classification first divides the pelvis into 4 parts: left half pelvis and right half pelvis; sacral Denis Ⅲ area and pubic symphysis. The symmetrical left and right sacral Denis Ⅰ and Denis Ⅱ areas are also included in the left/right half pelvis. Subsequently, the left half pelvis and right half pelvis are divided into 4 regions and marked by capitalized English letters: Sacrum Area (including Denis Ⅰ and Denis Ⅱ, denoted as S), Sacroiliac Joint Area (denoted as J), Iliac Area (denoted as I), and Pubic Area (denoted as P); to distinguish right/left, R and L are used as prefixes. The 2 asymmetric parts are also marked with English letters: Denis Ⅲ area of the sacrum (denoted as Sac), and pubic symphysis (denoted as C). Afterwards, the fracture line morphology and displacement in each region are marked digitally to form a complete JST classification system. The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities (Fleiss' and Cohen's Kappa) of the JST classification system were tested by 3 observers with more than 10 years of experience in pelvic fracture treatment.Results:Consistency analysis of the JST classification results showed that the mean κ value of the intra-observer reliability was 0.818 (from 0.658 to 0.946, P<0.001) and the inter-observer reliability 0.873 (from 0.674 to 1.000, P<0.001), both indicating excellent agreement. Of the 63 patients, 59 obtained successful closed reduction with the assistance of the Rossum Robot R-Universal intelligent orthopedic surgical robot system after fracture classification by the JST system, yielding a success rate of 93.7% (59/63). Conclusions:The new JST classification system for pelvic fractures demonstrates strong intra and inter-observer reliabilities compared with traditional classification systems. As JST classification system labels each fracture site and key bones, it is of great significance for the deep learning and intraoperative operations of intelligent fracture robots.

Objective:To study the ultrasonographic manifestations of intercostal muscle and diaphragm involvement in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and their correlations with functional status, and to explore the pattern of muscle damage in patients with DMD and the potential role of ultrasonography in assessing disease progression.Methods:A total of 28 patients with DMD who received treatment in the Third Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital from May to December 2023 were prospectively collected as DMD group, and 28 healthy children matched in age and sex were included as controls for a prospective study.Diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) and intercostal muscle thickening fraction (ICMTF) were measured by B-mode and M-mode ultrasonography, and the muscle gray values were recorded. The differences between groups were compared, and the values of DTF and ICMTF in evaluating the structural and functional changes of respiratory muscle were analyzed.Results:Compared with the control group, the gray value of respiratory muscle was significantly decreased in DMD group, the diaphragm and intercostal muscle were significantly thickened at the end of inspiratory and expiratory periods, DTF was significantly decreased, and ICMTF was significantly increased (all P<0.001). Conclusions:Ultrasound can evaluate the structural changes of respiratory muscle in DMD, so as to clarify the relationship between the structure and function of respiratory muscle in DMD patients.

Objective:To explore the clinical phenotype and genetic etiology of a child with Developmental epileptic encephalopathy type 104 (DEE 104).Methods:A child who had presented at the Children′s Medical Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University in February 2021 for recurrent seizures over 1 month was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Peripheral blood samples of the child and his parents were collected and subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing.Results:The child, a five-month-old male, had presented with frequent focal seizures with severe developmental retardation from infancy. Physical examination showed emaciation, microcephaly, oblique palpebral fissures, Stahl′s ears, and hypotonia in the limbs. Electroencephalogram revealed multi-focal sharp waves, slow waves and slow spinal waves. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed enlargement of bilateral lateral ventricles and the third ventricle, along with widening of brain sulci, fissure and cisterna. WES revealed that he had harbored a heterozygous c. 2401C>T (p.His801Tyr) missense variant of the ATP6V0A1 gene. Sanger sequencing showed that both of his parents were of the wild type. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was predicted to be likely pathogenic (PS2+ PM2_Supporting+ PP3). The proband was diagnosed with DEE 104. Early treatment with sodium valproate has failed, but the child had become seizure free after the addition of levetiracetam and topiramate. He still had abnormal EEG discharges and severe psychomotor retardation. Combining our case and a review of literature, DEE104 is mainly caused by de novo heterozygous variants of the ATP6V0A1 gene with an autosomal dominant inheritance. The patients may show refractory epilepsy and severe global developmental delay from infancy. Conclusion:The c. 2401C>T (p.His801Tyr) variant probably underlay the DEE104 in this child.

Objective To develop the'E-Bone',a comprehensive one-stop preoperative planning system for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with improved accuracy and efficiency.Methods The nnU-net deep neural network was utilized for scapula segmentation to obtain precise scapula segmentation results.Based on the 3 key factors,namely bone density,upward and downward angle and nail length,the base was automatically positioned.The quantitative parameters required for surgical planning were calculated.A personalized guide plate was generated by combining glenoid morphology and base positioning information.The system interface was developed to modularize various functions for easy use,providing interactive operation and real-time display.Results Compared with the Mimics system,the'E-bone'preoperative planning system reduced complex manual adjustments during the planning process.The average planned nail length was longer than that of the Mimics system,and the planning time was reduced by 86%.The scapula segmentation accuracy of this system reached 99.93%,better than that of Mimics to achieve a higher precision.Conclusion The"E-bone"system provides a one-stop,efficient,and accurate preoperative planning system for reverse shoulder replacement and potentially broader clinical applications.

Objective To develop the'E-Bone',a comprehensive one-stop preoperative planning system for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with improved accuracy and efficiency.Methods The nnU-net deep neural network was utilized for scapula segmentation to obtain precise scapula segmentation results.Based on the 3 key factors,namely bone density,upward and downward angle and nail length,the base was automatically positioned.The quantitative parameters required for surgical planning were calculated.A personalized guide plate was generated by combining glenoid morphology and base positioning information.The system interface was developed to modularize various functions for easy use,providing interactive operation and real-time display.Results Compared with the Mimics system,the'E-bone'preoperative planning system reduced complex manual adjustments during the planning process.The average planned nail length was longer than that of the Mimics system,and the planning time was reduced by 86%.The scapula segmentation accuracy of this system reached 99.93%,better than that of Mimics to achieve a higher precision.Conclusion The"E-bone"system provides a one-stop,efficient,and accurate preoperative planning system for reverse shoulder replacement and potentially broader clinical applications.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) was proposed to deal with rotator cuff tear arthropathy in the 1970s and improved from 1985 to 1995 by Dr. Grammont who designed the contemporary type of reverse shoulder prosthesis successfully. The number of RSAs has grown rapidly over the past decade. Currently, the indications for RSA include, in addition to rotator cuff tear arthropathy, massive rotator cuff tears which can not be repaired, proximal humerus fractures or their sequelae, inflammatory shoulder disease, osteoarthritis with abnormal glenoid morphology, anatomic revision after failed total shoulder arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty, and shoulder tumors. Absolute contraindications to RSA include infection, complete axillary nerve palsy, neuropathic shoulder arthropathy, and glenoid bone loss. At present, the stability of the glenoid baseplate, an important factor affecting the incidence of postoperative complications, is mainly achieved by implantation of the screws for the glenoid baseplate base. Therefore, correct implantation of the screws is of great significance to reduce the complications in RSA.