Objective:To evaluate the safety and feasibility of double-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) combined with transcystic common bile duct (CBD) exploration using ultrafine choledochoscopy on patients with gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones.Methods:Clinical data of 35 patients undergoing double-port LC combined with transcystic CBD exploration using ultrafine choledochoscopy in Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital from December 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 males and 27 females, aged (45.8±18.1) years. In all patients, the diameter of the gallbladder duct was greater than 3 mm, the maximum diameter of the stones was less than 10 mm, and the number of stones was less than 5, and the gallbladder ducts were normal. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was used to measure the diameter of CBD, the number and the maximum diameter of stones. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative hospital stay and complications (including abdominal infection, biliary tract infection, bile leakage, bleeding, etc.) of all patients were analyzed. The incidence of bile duct stenosis, residual stone or stone recurrence were followed up by telephone or outpatient review.Results:MRCP measurement indicated that the common bile duct diameter of patients was (8.1±1.3) mm. Single CBD stone occurred in 27 cases (77.1%, 27/35), and the mean maximum diameter of CBD stones was (3.9±1.3) mm. All patients successfully underwent the procedure. The operative time was (80.1±10.9) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (25.5±10.2) ml, the recovery time of postoperative anal exhaust was (17.3±4.7) h, and the postoperative hospital stay was (2.5±0.6) d. There were no complications such as abdominal and biliary tract infection, bile leakage and bleeding. All patients were followed up for 1-30 months, with a median follow-up time of 12 months. No biliary stricture, residual stones or recurrence occured during the follow-ups.Conclusion:In selected cases, double-port LC combined with transcystic CBD exploration using ultrafine choledochoscopy could be safe and feasible, with less trauma, quick recovery and short operative time.

Gallbladder cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy of the biliary system, often diagnosed at the advanced stage due to its insidious early symptoms, leading to poor overall progno-sis. In recent years, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their inte-gration into medicine have opened new avenues for the early diagnosis and precision treatment of gallbladder cancer. Currently, AI incorporating deep learning algorithm has significantly improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in ultrasound, computed tomography, and pathological analysis. However, clinical translation of AI models remains limited by challenges such as insufficient annota-ted data and limited model interpretability. Future research should focus on establishing multi-center data-sharing mechanisms, developing interpretability tools, and optimizing multimodal data integration strategies, thereby promoting the transformation of AI technologies from an auxiliary diagnostic tool to a core component of clinical decision-making.

Gallbladder cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy of the biliary system, often diagnosed at the advanced stage due to its insidious early symptoms, leading to poor overall progno-sis. In recent years, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their inte-gration into medicine have opened new avenues for the early diagnosis and precision treatment of gallbladder cancer. Currently, AI incorporating deep learning algorithm has significantly improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in ultrasound, computed tomography, and pathological analysis. However, clinical translation of AI models remains limited by challenges such as insufficient annota-ted data and limited model interpretability. Future research should focus on establishing multi-center data-sharing mechanisms, developing interpretability tools, and optimizing multimodal data integration strategies, thereby promoting the transformation of AI technologies from an auxiliary diagnostic tool to a core component of clinical decision-making.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and feasibility of double-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) combined with transcystic common bile duct (CBD) exploration using ultrafine choledochoscopy on patients with gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones.Methods:Clinical data of 35 patients undergoing double-port LC combined with transcystic CBD exploration using ultrafine choledochoscopy in Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital from December 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 males and 27 females, aged (45.8±18.1) years. In all patients, the diameter of the gallbladder duct was greater than 3 mm, the maximum diameter of the stones was less than 10 mm, and the number of stones was less than 5, and the gallbladder ducts were normal. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was used to measure the diameter of CBD, the number and the maximum diameter of stones. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative hospital stay and complications (including abdominal infection, biliary tract infection, bile leakage, bleeding, etc.) of all patients were analyzed. The incidence of bile duct stenosis, residual stone or stone recurrence were followed up by telephone or outpatient review.Results:MRCP measurement indicated that the common bile duct diameter of patients was (8.1±1.3) mm. Single CBD stone occurred in 27 cases (77.1%, 27/35), and the mean maximum diameter of CBD stones was (3.9±1.3) mm. All patients successfully underwent the procedure. The operative time was (80.1±10.9) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (25.5±10.2) ml, the recovery time of postoperative anal exhaust was (17.3±4.7) h, and the postoperative hospital stay was (2.5±0.6) d. There were no complications such as abdominal and biliary tract infection, bile leakage and bleeding. All patients were followed up for 1-30 months, with a median follow-up time of 12 months. No biliary stricture, residual stones or recurrence occured during the follow-ups.Conclusion:In selected cases, double-port LC combined with transcystic CBD exploration using ultrafine choledochoscopy could be safe and feasible, with less trauma, quick recovery and short operative time.

Objective:To explore the safety of laparoscopic antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (L-RAMPS) through vascular axis approach in the treatment of pancreatic body and tail adenocarcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 12 patients with pancreatic body and tail adenocarcinoma undergoing L-RAMPS in Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital from April 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including eight males and four females, aged (65.8±11.6) years. Data regarding operative time, intraoperative blood loss, anal exhaust time, postoperative hospital stay, lymph node dissection, pathology, and postoperative complications, and survival were analyzed.Results:The procedures were successfully completed in all 12 patients. Eight patients underwent anterior L-RAMPS, four underwent posterior L-RAMPS. In one patient laparoscopic procedure was almost completed, but eventually conversed to open surgery due to vascular invasion. The operative time was (221.5±21.7) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (224.1±125.3) ml, the anal exhaust time was (3.5±1.0) d, and the postoperative hospital stay was (10.0±3.9) d. All patients underwent R 0 resection, and (15.1±3.7) lymph nodes were dissected. Positive lymph nodes were confirmed in four patients. Six patients had postoperative pancreatic fistula. The patients had been followed up for a median time of 9.5 (3.2-15.0) months, and three patients died. Conclusion:The vascular axis approach could optimize the L-RAMPS surgical approach and improve surgical safety.

Identification of the risk factors for conversion to cesarean section during labor can significantly improve the mother and infant outcomes. Though advocated by the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG), intrapartum ultrasound is not widely practiced in managing labor progress. The Obstetrics and Gynecology Center of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University has carried out intrapartum ultrasound in recent years. We summarize the clinical key point and the significance of measuring the major sonographic parameters during labor and illustrate the role of occiput-spine angle, a new sonographic index, in predicting fetal head descent during the first stage of labor.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of intervention with oral probiotic METHODS: This study were conducted among 155 women in the third trimester of pregnancy with positive results of GBS culture in the Outpatient Department of Zhujiang Hospital from March to November, 2019. After excluding 32 patients who received lactobacillus intervention for less than 2 weeks or underwent postpartum GBS retesting, the women were divided into oral probiotics intervention group (60 cases) and non-intervention group (63 cases). According to the results of GBS retesting, the 60 women in the intervention group were divided into GBS-negative group (18 cases) and persistent GBS-positive group (42 cases). At the end of the intervention, the rates of negative GBS culture result were calculated and the pregnancy outcomes were compared. From 5 women randomly selected from the intervention group, samples of vaginal secretions were collected before and after the intervention for amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS: At the end of the intervention, the GBS-negative rate in the intervention group was 30% (18/60), as compared with 23% (3/13) in the non-intervention group. Probiotic intervention significantly reduced the incidence of premature rupture of membranes ( CONCLUSIONS Intervention with oral probiotics can reduce vaginal GBS colonization in late pregnancy and improve the pregnancy outcome.
Female ; Humans ; Lactobacillus reuteri ; Lactobacillus rhamnosus ; Microbiota ; Pregnancy ; Probiotics/therapeutic use* ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; Vagina

Objective To evaluate effect of dexmedetomidine on mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis during hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury to hippocampal neurons of rats.Methods The primarily cultured hippocampal neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups (n =40 each) using a random number table method:control group (C group),vehicle group (V group),H/R group and dexmedetomidine group (D group).Hippocampal neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by restoration of oxygen supply to establish the model of H/R injury.Dexmedetomidine 1 μmol/L was added at 6 h of reoxygenation in D group.The viability of neurons was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay at 20 h of reoxygenation.The ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscopy.The expression of cytochrome c (Cyt c),caspase-3,Fis1 and Drp1 was detected by Western blot.The neuronal apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,and apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with C group,no significant change was found in the viability of neurons in group V (P＞0.05),and the viability of neurons was significantly decreased,the apoptosis rate was increased,the expression of Cyt c,caspase-3,Fis1 and Drp1 was up-regulated (P＜0.05),and the damage to mitochondrial ultrastructure was accentuated in H/R and D groups.Compared with H/R group,the viability of neurons was significantly increased,the apoptosis rate was decreased,the expression of Cyt c,caspase-3,Fis1 and Drp1 was down-regulated (P＜0.05),and the damage to mitochondrial ultrastructure was significantly attenuated in D group.Conclusion The nechanism by which dexmedetomidine reduces the H/R injury to hippocampal neurons is related to inhibiting mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis in rats.

Objective To investigate the impact of hepatectomy combined with splenectomy on hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ≤5 cm and with hypersplenism.Methods This is a retrospective case-control study on 167 patients with HCC ≤5 cm and with hypersplenism who underwent hepatectomy combined with splenectomy at the Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital between May 2008 and June 2015.64 patients underwent hepatectomy combined with splenectomy,and 103 patients hepatectomy alone.The patients were assigned to the hepatectomy combined with splenectomy group (the combined group,n =61) or the hepatectomy alone group (the control group,n =61) using propensity score matching (PSM).Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relative clinical factors associated with HBV reactivation.The stratified Chi-squared test was utilized to determine the impact of the surgical procedure and preoperative anti-viral therapy on postoperative hepatitis B virus reactivation of these patients.Results The serum PLT level,Child-Pugh grading,tumor diameter and surgical procedures were shown to be independent risk factors associated with postoperative HBV reactivation (P ＜ 0.05).To study the impact of preoperative anti-viral therapy on postoperative HBV reactivation:-the incidence of HBV reactivation was higher in the control group than in the combined group (19.7％ vs.6.6％,P ＜ 0.05).In the combined group,there was no significant difference between patients who received anti-viral therapy and those who were treatment-naive (5.3％ vs.7.1％,P ＞0.05).In the control group,a higher incidence of HBV reactivation was found in patients with treatment-na(i)ve than in patients who received anti-viral therapy (26.1 ％ vs.0,P ＜ 0.05).For the patients who received anti-viral therapy,there was no significant difference between the combined group and the control group (5.3％ vs.0,P ＞ 0.05).In patients with treatment-na(i)ve,a higher incidence of HBV reactivation was observed in the control group than the combined group (26.1％ vs.7.1％,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In patients who were not treated with antiviral therapy,hepatectomy combined with splenectomy decreased the incidence of postoperative HBV reactivation in patient with HCC ≤5 cm and with hypersplenism.For the patients who received preoperative anti-viral therapy,the incidence of postoperative HBV reactivation was not decreased with hepatectomy combined with splenectomy.

Objective To investigate the morbidity, diagnostic profile and perinatal outcome of pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) in 15 hospitals in Guangdong province. Methods A total of 41338 women delivered in the 15 hospitals during the 6 months,195 women with PGDM(PGDM group) and 195 women with normal glucose test result(control group)were recruited from these tertiary hospitals in Guangdong province from January 2016 to June 2016. The morbidity and diagnostic profile of PGDM were analyzed. The complications during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. In the PGDM group, pregnancy outcomes were analyzed in women who used insulin treatment (n=91) and women who did not (n=104). Results (1)The incidence of PGDM was 0.472%(195/41338). Diabetes mellitus were diagnosed in 59 women (30.3%, 59/195) before pregnancy, and 136 women (69.7%,136/195) were diagnosed as PGDM after conceptions. Forty-six women (33.8%) were diagnosed by fasting glucose and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) screening. (2) The maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), prenatal BMI, percentage of family history of diabetes, incidence of macrosomia, concentration of low density lipoprotein were significantly higher in PGDM group than those in control group (all P<0.05). Women in PGDM group had significantly higher HbA1c concentration((6.3±1.3)% vs (5.2±0.4)%), fasting glucose [(6.3±2.3) vs (4.8±1.1) mmol/L], oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)-1 h glucose((12.6±2.9) vs (7.1± 1.3) mmol/L)and OGTT-2 h glucose [(12.0±3.0) vs (6.4±1.0) mmol/L] than those in control group (P<0.01). (3)The morbidity of preterm births was significantly higher (11.3% vs 1.0%, P<0.01), and the gestational age at delivery in PGDM group was significantly smaller [(37.6±2.3) vs (39.2±1.2) weeks, P<0.01]. Cesarean delivery rate in the PGDM group (70.8% vs 29.7%) was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01). There was significantly difference between PGDM group and control in the neonatal male/female ratio (98/97 vs 111/84, P=0.033). The neonatal birth weight in PGDM group was significantly higher((3159±700) vs (3451±423) g, P<0.01). And the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in the PGDM group was higher than the control group (7.7% vs 2.6%, P=0.036).(4)In the PGDM group, women who were treated with insulin had a smaller gestational age at delivery [(36.9±2.9) vs (37.9±2.5) weeks, P<0.01], and the neonates had a higher neonatal ICU(NICU)admission rate (24.2% vs 9.6% , P<0.01). Conclusions The morbidity of PGDM in the 15 hospitals in Guangdong province is 0.472%. The majority of PGDM was diagnosed during pregnancy; HbA1c and fasting glucose are reliable parameters for PGDM screening. Women with PGDM have obvious family history of diabetes and repeated pregnancy may accelerate the process of diabetes mellitus. Women with PGDM have higher risk for preterm delivery and neonatal hypoglycemia. Unsatisfied glucose control followed by insulin treatment may increase the need for NICU admission.