Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

To investigate the clinical and endoscopic characteristics and endoscopic treatment efficacy of cap polyposis, data of 14 patients (56 polyps) who were histologically diagnosed as having cap polyposis after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) or endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in Beijing Friendship Hospital from June 2017 to February 2021 was retrospectively analyzed. Of the 14 patients, 8 were males and 6 were females. The age ranged from 14 to 74 years, including 7 cases of <60 years old and 7 cases of ≥60 years old. 7 patients (50.0%) had clinical manifestations. Four cases had multiple polyps and 10 cases (71.4%) had single polyps. There were 42 polyps (75.0%) located in the rectum, 13 (23.2%) in the sigmoid colon and 1 in the transverse colon. According to the classification of Yamada, 44 polyps (78.6%) were type Ⅰ, 3 polyps were type Ⅱ, 5 polyps were type Ⅲ and 4 polyps were type Ⅳ. Under endoscopy, there were 41 polyps (73.2%) with obvious white cap-like coverings on the surface and 23 polyps with obvious hyperemia and redness on the mucosa, 8 of which were both visible. Two cases were treated with ESD and 12 cases were treated with EMR, all of which were completely excised. No bleeding, perforation, infection or other complications occurred during and after operation. The clinical symptoms of 7 patients were relieved. During the follow-up period, 11 cases (78.6%) completed colonoscopy, and no polyp recurrence was found. In conclusion, there is no gender or age difference in patients of cap polyposis. It is usually single and located in the rectum and sigmoid colon with Yamada type Ⅰ. The surface of lesions is mostly covered with white cap. Patients may have no obvious clinical symptoms. Treatment of ESD and EMR is safe and effective for cap polyposis.

【Objective】 To explore the effect mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza and safflower on combined anti-ischemic stroke and verify relevant action targets in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model based on network pharmacology. 【Methods】 ①Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and GeneCards databases were used to screen the active components, component targets and ischemic stroke targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza and safflower respectively. The above data were imported into STRING database for protein interaction network analysis, and Cytoscape3.8.0 software was used to construct protein interaction network (PPI) and component target interaction network. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation analysis of target genes were performed using David online analysis tool. ② In this experiment, a rat model of ischemic stroke was prepared by using improved MCAO method, and immunohistochemical method and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (REAL-TIME PCR) to detect the positive expressions of NLRP3 inflammatory body and NF P65 protein in the brain tissue of rats in each group so as to explore the functional mechanism of anti-inflammation reaction against cerebral ischemia injury. 【Results】 ① A total of 87 effective components, corresponding to 253 targets, 1448 targets for ischemic stroke and 161 targets related to drugs and diseases, were screened from the Salvia milticorrhiza and safflower drug pairs. We obtained 730 biological processes, 81 cell components and 128 molecular functions through GO analysis, and 127 signal pathways through KEGG analysis. ②Immunohistochemical method and Real-time PCR determination results showed that compared with control group rats, model group rats had significantly increased tissue NLRP3 inflammatory body and NFkBp65 protein expressions (P<0.01). Compared with those in the model group, NLRP3 inflammatory body and NFkBp65 protein expressions significantly decreased in Dan red compatibility groups and nim horizon groups (P<0.01). 【Conclusion】 Compatibility of effective components in salvia miltiorrhiza, and carthamus tinctorius can further downregulate the release of inflammatory corpuscle NLRP3 through NFkB signaling pathway by blocking inflammatory lesions and thus plays the role of fighting against inflammatory damage.

Objectives To compare total laparoscopic gastrectomy with intracorporeal hand-sewn Gl reconstruction and laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods Between July 2009 and July 2010, 21 patients of gastric cancer underwent total laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy with intracorporeal hand-sewn reconstruction and 28 did laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy in Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases. All patients were operated on by an experienced surgeon. Patient demographics, TNM stage, location of tumor, the intraoperative and postoperative details of the two groups were compared. Results In the 21 patients undergoing total laparoscopic gastrectomy, there were 15 of distal gastrectomy and 6 of total gastrectomy, compared with 21 and 7 in laparoscopy-assisted group. In total laparoscopic group, intracorporeal hand-sewn technique was used for gastro-jejunal and jejuno-jejunal (J-J)anastomosis, and 25 mm circular stapler was used for esophago-jejunal anastomosis. The operation time was significant longer in total laparoscopic group than in laparoscopy-assisted group of (279 ± 65 ) min vs.(232 ±40) min (P ＜ 0.05 ). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in proximal margin [(5.7 ± 1.5 )cm vs. (5.1 ± 1.4) cm, P ＞ 0.05] and distal margin [( 3.1 ± 0.9 )cm vs. ( 2.9 ±0.9) cm,P ＞0.05]. The iv narcotic use in laparoscopy-assisted group was 1.8 d but it was not used in total laparoscopic group. The first passing flatus was on day 3 in total laparoscopic group compared with 4.8 d in laparoscopy-assisted group. Both groups had 2 postoperative early complications, one intra-abdominal infection and one lung infection in total laparoscopic group compared with one wound infection and one lung infection in laparoscopy-assisted group. There was no anastomosis-related complications after 4 months of follow-up. Conclusions The operation time and postoperative early complication was acceptable for selected patients treated by total laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy with intracorporeal hand-sewn GI tract reconstruction in hands of experienced laparoscopic surgeon.

Objective To investigate the effects of HLA matching on long survival of patients with kidney transplantation. Methods In 2508 cases of renal transplants, based on Ag M standard, in 0 MM-6 MM (7 groups), the effects of HLA matching on the survival rate of 1 year, 5 years and 10 years, and the incidence of renal acute rejection (AR) in renal allografts were analyzed. Results Only 7 cases had 0-missmatches, and most cases had 2 or 3 missmatches. In the group of zero antigen mismatches, the incidence of renal AR was 5 %, lower than other groups (P＜0. 01); in the group of six antigen mismatches, the incidence of AR was 23 %, obviously higher than other groups (P＜0. 01). The 1-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rate was 97 %, 90 %, 88 % in the group of zero antigen mismatches; 94 %, 86 %, 83 % in the group of one antigen mismatches; 94 %, 84 %, 82 % in the group of two antigen mismatches; 93 %,85 %, 81% in the group of three antigen mismatches; 91%, 82 %, 74 % in the group of four antigen mismatches; 90 %, 81%, 72 % in the group of five antigen mismatches; 88 %, 80 %, 70 % in the group of six antigen mismatches. Conclusion Good HLA matching can significantly reduce the incidence of AR of renal allografts and increase the survival rate. If recipients are offered to choose those with HLA antigen mismatches ≤3, it is good for the effective use of donor kidneys, the prevention of rejection, and the improvement of the transplantation results.