During long-term extravehicular activities(EVA),there have been multiple instances of localized discomfort due to cold extremities such as hands and feet.The primary reason is that the design of space suit gloves prioritizes maximizing operational flexibility,which leads to reduced passive thermal protection in certain areas.Insufficient local thermal protection can cause the hands to lose metabolic heat in cold environments over time,resulting in cold stress.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct research on temperature control technology to meet the thermal comfort requirements of astronauts' hands during EVA.Effective active temperature measures can expand the range of low temperature working environments that astronauts' hands can adapt to during EVA,enhance hand thermal comfort,and ensure hand operational capabilities,preventing excessive cold from exceeding medical requirement and affecting extravehicular missions.This paper combines the metabolic heat generation patterns of the human hand to analyze the temperature control requirements for extravehicular gloves,simulate and optimize the layout of electric heaters,and evaluate the feasibility of the electric heating system for extravehicular gloves by building a thermal simulation model.Through prototype vacuum thermal testing,comprehensive verification of the temperature control module for extravehicular gloves was achieved,demonstrating the effectiveness of the temperature control system.

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative oral midazolam on postoperative de-lirium in elderly patients with preoperative moderate-severe anxiety undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods Eighty elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for radical resection of colorectal cancer,32 males and 48 females,aged 65-79 years,BMI 21-27 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,the state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI-S)≥38 scores at admission were selected.Patients were divided into two groups using random number method:control group and midazolam group,40 patients in each group.The midazolam group were administrated midazolam 7.5 mg per night till one day before surgery,while the placebo was administrated in the control group.The incidence of delirium 3 days after surgery and the STAI-S scores of one day before surgery were evaluated.The HR and MAP at entry,30 minutes after an-esthesia induction,1 hour,2 hours after anesthesia induction,and 30 minutes after extubation were recor-ded.The total dose of propofol,remifentanil and dexmedetomidine and the using rate of metaraminol were recorded.The visual analog scale scores 30 minutes after extubation,24 and 72 hours after surgery,the u-sing rate of tramadol,and the extubation time were recorded.Results Compared with the control group,the STAI-S scores of one day before surgery,and the incidence of postoperative delirium,the rate of using metaraminol,the VAS scores 30 minutes after extubation and 24 hours after surgery,the rate using of tram-adol were significantly decreased in the midazolam group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in total dose of propofol,remifentanil,and dexmedetomidine,extubation time between the two groups.Conclusion Preoperative oral midazolam can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with preoperative moderate-severe anxiety undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of serum neuroglobin in evaluating hypoglycemic brain injury in neonates. METHODS: A total of 100 neonates with hypoglycemia were enrolled as subjects. According to amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) findings and/or clinical manifestations, they were divided into symptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group (n=22), asymptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group (n=37) and hypoglycemic non-brain injury group (n=41). The three groups were compared in terms of blood glucose, duration of hypoglycemia, levels of neuroglobin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and modified aEEG score. The correlation of neuroglobin with NSE and modified aEEG score was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted. RESULTS: Compared with the asymptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury and hypoglycemic non-brain injury groups, the symptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group had significantly lower blood glucose and modified aEEG score, significantly higher neuroglobin and NSE levels, and a significantly longer duration of hypoglycemia (P<0.05). Compared with the hypoglycemic non-brain injury group, the asymptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group had significantly lower blood glucose and modified aEEG score, significantly higher neuroglobin and NSE levels, and a significantly longer duration of hypoglycemia (P<0.05). Neuroglobin was positively correlated with NSE and duration of hypoglycemia (r=0.922 and 0.929 respectively; P<0.05) and negatively correlated with blood glucose and modified aEEG score (r=-0.849 and -0.968 respectively; P<0.05). The areas under the ROC curve of neuroglobin, NSE and modified aEEG score were 0.894, 0.890 and 0.941 respectively, and neuroglobin had a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 95.8% at the optimal cut-off value of 108 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS Like NSE and modified aEEG score, serum neuroglobin can also be used as a specific indicator for the assessment of brain injury in neonates with hypoglycemia and has a certain value in clinical practice.
Brain Injuries ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Infant, Newborn ; Neuroglobin ; blood ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase

Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) strain SD1511 was isolated from chickens with severe inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome in Shandong Province, China. The isolate was cultured in primary chicken embryo kidney cells. A study of pathogenicity indicated that SD1511 readily infected 7-35-d-old chickens by intramuscular injection and intranasal and oral routes, causing 50%-100% mortality. The 35-d-old chickens suffered more severe infection than 7- and 21-d-old chickens with mortality highest in the intramuscular injection group. The serum from surviving chickens showed potent viral neutralizing capability. The complete genome of SD1511 was sequenced and analyzed. The strain was found to belong to the FAdV-4 cluster with more than 99% identity with the virulent FAdV-4 strains isolated in China in recent years except for some distinct variations, including deletions of open reading frame 27 (ORF27), ORF48, and part of ORF19. Our findings suggest that SD1511 might be used as a prototype strain for the study of pathogenesis and vaccine development.
Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Aviadenovirus/pathogenicity* ; Cell Line ; Chick Embryo/virology* ; Chickens/virology* ; China ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Variation ; Genome ; Genome, Viral ; Genomics ; Kidney/virology* ; Liver/virology* ; Open Reading Frames ; Poultry Diseases/virology* ; Serogroup ; Viral Load ; Virulence ; Virus Diseases/virology*

Objective To compare the vision and visual quality after implantation of refractive rotationally asymmetric mutifocal IOL (SBL-3) and diffractive mutifocal IOL (Zeiss809) in cataract surgery.Methods Totally 80 patients (100 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital from May 2016 to June 2017 were chosen in the research,followed by the implantation of SBL-3 in 39 patients (50 eyes,SBL group) and Zeiss809 in other 41 patients (50 eyes,Zeiss group).The gender,age,length of optic axis and corneal curvature between the both groups were not significantly different (all P ＞ 0.05) before surgery.Variables including far,middle and near uncorrected vision acuity,defocus curves,vision quality were observed 3 months after surgery.Objective scattering index (OSI),modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTFcutoff) and Strehl ratio (SR) were detected,and objective optical quality analysis system was conducted.Results Both groups has no ocular hypertension and complications after surgery.The far uncorrected vision acuity of both groups in 3 months after surgery showed significant statistic difference from preoperation (both P ＜ 0.01).There has no statistic difference between both groups in far and near uncorrected vision acuity 3 months after surgery (both P ＞0.05).SBL group showed better outcomes than that in Zeiss group in the middle uncorrected vision acuity 3 months after surgery (P =0.04).Defocus curves showed the better middle uncorrected vision acuity in SBL group than that in Zeiss group when the degree was-1.50 D (70 cm).The OSI,MTFcutoff and SR in both groups significantly improved after surgery when compared with before surgery (all P ＜0.05).And the OSI,MTFcutoff and SR 3 months after surgery had no statistic difference between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Questionnaire results showed there were 3 patients in SBL group and 4 in Zeiss group complaining glare at night,and there was no statistic difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both refractive rotationally asymmetric mutifocal IOL and diffractive multifocal IOL shows satisfactory vision acuity after cataract surgery.Significant improvement of vision quality in both groups can be presented after IOL implantation.

AIM To investigate the clinical effects of Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid combined with artificial tears on dry eye visual fatigue patients due to Liver-Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome.METHODS Ninety patients (180 eyes) randomly and equally were divided into artificial tears group (0.1％ Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops),oral liquid group (Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid) and combination group (0.1％ Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops and Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid) underwent a ten-day course of treatment,and they had their subjective symptom score,tear secretory volume (Schirmer Ⅰ test,SIT),tear film break-up time (BUT),corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score and visuognosis persistence observed prior to the treatment,and on the 1 lth,21st,30th days after the treatment.RESULTS All the aforementioned indices in the three groups were improved after the treatment,especially of the 11th day (P ＜0.01).Obvious changes of BUT,CFS score and visuognosis persistence at different time points,in the three groups were found as compared with those data prior to the treatment (P ＜0.05),so were the subjective symptom score and SIT in the oral liquid group and combination group (P ＜ 0.05).The combination group displayed significantly better results than the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05),which exhibited no obvious differences between the interventions of artificial tears and oral liquid (P ＞ 0.05).A markedly higher total efficacy rate of combination group than the other two groups was achieved as well (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION For patients of dry eye visual fatigue due to Liver-Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome,Qingrun Yangmu Oral Liquid combined with artificial tears can relieve their symptoms in terms of tear secretory promotion and prolonged BUT.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of serum restriction on the invasiveness and expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells in vitro.

METHODSHTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured in the presence of 1%, 5%, or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 48 h. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence staining were employed to examine the changes in IGF-1 and MMP-2 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels in HTR-8/SVneo cells; MTT assay and Transwell invasion assay were used to assess the changes of the cell proliferation and the cell invasion ability, respectively. MMP-2 expression, cell proliferation and invasiveness were also assessed in the cells treated with recombinant human IGF-1.

RESULTSHTR-8/SVneo cells exhibited significantly lowered cell proliferation in cultures containing low concentrations of FBS (P<0.05). The expressions of IGF-1 and MMP-2 at both mRNA and protein levels were significantly down-regulated and the invasiveness was significantly lowered in cells cultured in the medium containing 1% FBS as compared with those of cells cultured in the presence of 5% and 10% FBS (P<0.05). Treatment of the cells with recombinant human IGF-1 significantly up-regulated MMP-2 expression (P<0.05) and increased the cell invasiveness (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFBS restriction down-regulates IGF-1 expression in human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells and suppress the cell invasiveness possibly by suppressing MMP-2 expression. Treatment with recombinant human IGF-1 can up-regulate MMP-2 expression and promote the invasiveness of HTR-8/SVneo cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the molecular subtypes and biological prognostic factors of invasive breast cancer masses.

METHODSBreast MRI data (including dynamic enhanced and diffusion-weighted imaging) were collected from 64 patients with pathologically confirmed invasive breast cancer masses (a total of 69 lesions). The mean ADC values of the lesions were calculated and their correlations were analyzed with the 5 molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer and the biological prognostic factors including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 index.

RESULTSThe ADC values did not differ significantly among the 5 molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer masses (P>0.05) or among lesions with different ER, PR, or HER2 status (P>0.05). The mean ADC values were significantly higher in Ki-67-positive lesions than in the negative lesions (P=0.023 and negatively correlated with the expressions of Ki-67 (r=-0.249).

CONCLUSIONADC value can not be used to identify the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer masses or to evaluate the biological prognosis of the lesions, but its correlation with Ki-67 expression may help in prognostic evaluation and guiding clinical therapy of the tumors.

In an anti-thrombotic pressure circulatory device, relays and solenoid valves serve as core execution units. Thus the therapeutic efficacy and patient safety of the device will directly depend on their performance. A new type of testing system for relays and solenoid valves used in the anti-thrombotic device has been developed, which can test action response time and fatigue performance of relay and solenoid valve. PC, data acquisition card and test platform are used in this testing system based on human-computer interaction testing modules. The testing objectives are realized by using the virtual instrument technology, the high-speed data acquisition technology and reasonable software design. The two sets of the system made by relay and solenoid valve are tested. The results proved the universality and reliability of the testing system so that these relays and solenoid valves could be accurately used in the antithrombotic pressure circulatory equipment. The newly-developed testing system has a bright future in the aspects of promotion and application prospect.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Pressure ; Reproducibility of Results ; Software ; Thrombosis ; diagnosis

A new type of testing system used for antithrombotic pressure circulatory equipment has been developed, which realized a new method for the calibration of pressure sensor. Multi-path control and acquisition functions are achieved by this method based on human-computer interaction testing system. The precision of pressure sensor is ob tained by polynomial fitting for each test point using linear interpolation method. The result showed that the precision test of pressure sensor could be realized easily and efficiently, using the developed testing system, and the parameters of pressure sensor could be calibrated effectively, so that it could be accurately used in the antithrombotic pressure circulatory equipment. The developed testing system has a prosperous future in the aspects of promotion and application.
Algorithms ; Calibration ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Pressure ; Thrombosis ; diagnosis