The chemical constituents were systematically separated from the roots of Berberis polyantha by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel column chromatography, HP20 column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography, reversed-phase C_(18) column chromatography, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic techniques(1D NMR, 2D NMR, UV, MS, and CD). Four phenylpropanoids were isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of B. polyantha, and they were identified as(2R)-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), methyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate(2),(+)-syringaresinol(3), and syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4). Compound 1 was a new compound, and other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated based on the release of nitric oxide(NO) in the culture of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. At a concentration of 10 μmol·L~(-1), all the four compounds inhibited the LPS-induced release of NO in RAW264.7 cells, demonstrating potential anti-inflammatory properties.
Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Animals ; Mice ; Berberis/chemistry* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism* ; Molecular Structure ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of lengthened proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and InterTan in the treatment of subtrochanteric femur fractures in the elderly. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 65 elderly patients diagnosed with subtrochanteric femoral fractures who met the inclusion criteria between October 2016 and January 2022. The enrolled patients were categorized into two groups according to the type of internal fixation used: the lengthened proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) group and the InterTan group. There were 32 patients in the PFNA group, comprising 20 males and 12 females, with ages ranging from 60 to 85 years old with an average of (69.3±6.7 ) years old. Among these patients, 15 patients resulted from traffic accidents and 17 patients were caused by falls. According to the Seinsheimer classification system, there were 11 patients as type Ⅱ, 14 patients as type Ⅲ, 6 patients as type Ⅳ, and 1 patient as type Ⅴ. The InterTan group comprised 33 patients, including 20 males and 13 females, aged from 60 to 85 years old with an average of (69.8±7.8 ) years old. Of these, 15 patients resulted from traffic accidents, while 18 patients were caused by falls. According to the Seinsheimer classification system, 10 patients as type Ⅱ, 15 patients as type Ⅲ, 7 patients as type Ⅳ, and 1 patient as type Ⅴ. The intraoperative blood loss, operative duration, and fracture healing time were recorded and compared between two groups. The quality of fracture reduction was assessed using Chang's criteria. Additionally, the Harris hip score was utilized to evaluate hip function in both groups at 3 months postoperatively and at the final follow-up. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for a period ranging from 10 to 20 months with an average of (14.6±4.5) months. No statistically significant differences were observed between two groups in terms of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, quality of fracture reduction, or reduction methods (P>0.05). Three months after the surgery, the Harris hip score in the InterTan group was 80.0(78.0, 83.5) points, which was significantly higher than that in the PFNA group, which recorded a score of 77.5(75.0, 81.8) points. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the final follow-up, the Harris hip score in the InterTan group was 80.0(76.5, 87.0), while that in the PFNA group was 78.0(74.3, 82.8). No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The use of lengthened PFNA and InterTan in the treatment of elderly subtrochanteric femur fractures can both achieve good treatment results, with the advantages of simple operation, firm fixation, and low failure rate of internal fixation. The lengthened InterTan can achieve better hip function than PFNA.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Retrospective Studies ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/instrumentation* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Femoral Fractures/surgery*

PURPOSE: We carried out the study aiming to explore and analyze the risk factors, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria, and their antibiotic-resistance characteristics influencing the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI), to provide valuable assistance for reducing the incidence of SSI after traumatic fracture surgery. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study enrolling 3978 participants from January 2015 to December 2019 receiving surgical treatment for traumatic fractures was conducted at Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University. Baseline data, demographic characteristics, lifestyles, variables related to surgical treatment, and pathogen culture were harvested and analyzed. Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to reveal the independent risk factors of SSI. A bacterial distribution histogram and drug-sensitive heat map were drawn to describe the pathogenic characteristics. RESULTS: Included 3978 patients 138 of them developed SSI with an incidence rate of 3.47% postoperatively. By logistic regression analysis, we found that variables such as gender (males) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.012, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.235 - 3.278, p = 0.005), diabetes mellitus (OR = 5.848, 95% CI: 3.513 - 9.736, p < 0.001), hypoproteinemia (OR = 3.400, 95% CI: 1.280 - 9.031, p = 0.014), underlying disease (OR = 5.398, 95% CI: 2.343 - 12.438, p < 0.001), hormonotherapy (OR = 11.718, 95% CI: 6.269 - 21.903, p < 0.001), open fracture (OR = 29.377, 95% CI: 9.944 - 86.784, p < 0.001), and intraoperative transfusion (OR = 2.664, 95% CI: 1.572 - 4.515, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for SSI, while, aged over 59 years (OR = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.059 - 0.296, p < 0.001), prophylactic antibiotics use (OR = 0.082, 95% CI: 0.042 - 0.164, p < 0.001) and vacuum sealing drainage use (OR = 0.036, 95% CI: 0.010 - 0.129, p < 0.001) were protective factors. Pathogens results showed that 301 strains of 38 species of bacteria were harvested, among which 178 (59.1%) strains were Gram-positive bacteria, and 123 (40.9%) strains were Gram-negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (108, 60.7%) and Enterobacter cloacae (38, 30.9%) accounted for the largest proportion. The susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria to Vancomycin and Linezolid was almost 100%. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to Imipenem, Amikacin, and Meropenem exceeded 73%. CONCLUSION Orthopedic surgeons need to develop appropriate surgical plans based on the risk factors and protective factors associated with postoperative SSI to reduce its occurrence. Meanwhile, it is recommended to strengthen blood glucose control in the early stage of admission and for surgeons to be cautious and scientific when choosing antibiotic therapy in clinical practice.
Humans ; Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Risk Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Fractures, Bone/surgery* ; Aged ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Logistic Models ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Incidence ; Bacteria/drug effects*

Objective To investigate the effects of Licorice chalcone A(LCA)on proliferation,migration,invasion and antioxidant capacity of human glioma U87 cells and its mechanism.Methods Glioma U87 cells cultured in vitro were divided into 4 groups,blank control group(conventional culture)and experimental-L,-M,-H groups(5,10,20 μmol·L-1 LC A).Cell proliferation capacity was detected by cell counting kit-8,cell clonogenesis ability was detected by clonogenesis assay,cell migration ability was detected by scratch assay,and cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell assay.Colorimetric assay was used to detect total glutathione(T-GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt).Results The cell proliferation activities of blank control group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(90.20±2.17)％,(79.06±1.57)％,(66.13±2.11)％and(49.52±1.82)％;cell clone formation rates were(76.83±2.30)％,(42.33±2.09)％,(17.71±1.84)％and(12.12±1.97)％;12 h cell mobility rates were(34.92±2.24)％,(27.90±1.89)％,(18.76±1.14)％and(14.87±0.82)％;24 h cell mobility rates were(50.37±2.61)％,(39.43±2.56)％,(21.11±2.33)％and(18.32±2.39)％;the number of perforated cells were 120.39±4.16,79.95±3.83,45.67±3.55 and 18.14±2.85;T-GSH levels were(71.43±2.39),(58.51±2.91),(49.43±2.78)and(35.44±2.76)μmol·L-1;MDA levels were(4.14±0.91),(7.23±1.75),(9.20±1.56)and(11.37±1.90)nmol·mL-1;SOD levels were(41.44±2.10),(35.43±2.91),(28.56±2.32)and(20.62±2.05)U·mg-1;the relative expression levels of p-Akt were 1.27±0.03,1.06±0.02,0.89±0.01 and 0.60±0.02,respectively.The above indexes were statistically significant between experimental-L,-M,-H groups and blank control group(all P＜0.01).Conclusion LCA can inhibit the proliferation,migration,invasion and induce oxidative damage of glioma U87 cells,and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of p-Akt protein expression in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective　To observe the molluscicidal effect of a new molluscicide, 10% chlorosalicylicamide (LDS), against the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni - Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria straminea, thus to provide the experimental foundation for the field application of this molluscicide. Methods　The 10% LDS was formulated into the series of standard solutions with effective concentrations of 0.400 0, 0.200 0, 0.100 0, 0.050 0, 0.025 0 mg/L and 0.012 5 mg/L, respectively. B. glabrata and B. straminea were separately immersed in these solutions in the laboratory. The deaths of the above snails were observed after immersing into the solutions for 24, 48, and 72 h, and the mortalities of each group were computed, as well as the median lethal concentration LC50 (s) and relative toxicity indexes were calculated. Meanwhile, 50% wettable power of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN) was set as the drug group, and dechlorinated water as the blank control group. Results　 The effective concentration of LDS at or above 0.100 0 mg/L, or WPN at or above 0.200 0 mg/L resulted in a 100% mortality rate for B. glabrata and B. straminea after immersing 24, 48, and 72 h. The LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours for Biomphalaria glabrata immersed in the LDS series concentration solution was 0.047 95, 0.046 52, and 0.037 10 mg/L, respectively; while the LC50 (s) of B. glabrata in WPN serial solutions was 0.063 48, 0.057 05, 0.057 05 mg/L for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. For Biomphalaria straminea, the LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours in the LDS solution was 0.012 35, 0.013 99, and 0.008 40 mg/L, respectively; and for the WPN solution, it was 0.058 95, 0.025 71, and 0.0237 5 mg/L. Using WPN as the standard drug which had higher value of LC50, and the relative toxicity index of WPN was set to 1.00, the relative toxicity indexes of LDS against B. glabrata were 1.32, 1.23 and 1.54 for 24, 48 h and 72 h, respectively, while for B. straminea, it was 4.77, 1.84, and 2.83. After 24, 48, and 72 hours of immersion in LDS, the number of surviving B. glabrata was significantly higher than that of B. straminea, with a statistical significance (χ2=8.044, 5.263, 4.658, P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions　Compared to the traditional molluscicide WPN, 10% LDS shows a superior molluscicidal effect on B. glabrata and B. straminea, especially demonstrating heightened sensitivity and efficacy on B. straminea, suggesting its potential as a substitute agent for snail control.

Objective To explore the acupoint selection rules of acupuncture for the treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke based on data mining technology.Methods Through the computer retrieval of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase,web of science databases and other databases,the literature that meets the inclusion criteria was selected to establish a database.Descriptive analysis,cluster analysis and association rule analysis were performed on the data through Microsoft Excel 2016,IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software.Results(1)A total of 68 acupuncture prescriptions were included,involving 100 acupoints and a total frequency of 536 uses;(2)the top five in terms of frequency of use of acupoints were Yanglingquan(GB34),Zusanli(ST36),Xuanzhong(GB39),Qiuxu(GB40),Sanyinjiao(SP6);(3)the core acupoint pairing was Yanglingquan(GB34)-Xuanzhong(GB39),and five valid clustering clusters were obtained,which were Shenmai(BL62)-Zhaohai(KI6),Weizhong(BL40)-Kunlun(BL60),Xuehai(SP10)-Huantiao(GB30)-Fenglong(ST40)-Zusanli(ST36),Taixi(KI3)-Yinlingquan(SP9)-Sanyinjiao(SP6),Jiexi(ST41)-Taichong(LR3)-Xuanzhong(GB39)-Qiuxu(GB40)-Yanglingquan(GB34).Conclusion Through data mining,it is found that acupuncture treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke is mostly based on Yanglingquan,Zusanli,Xuanzhong,Qiuxu and Xuanzhong.Priority should be given to the application of three yang channels of the foot and five shu acupoint,syndrome differentiation and treatment,and modification should be adjusted according to the syndromes,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke.

The lingnan liver-soothing and spirit-regulating acupuncture and moxibustion technique,developed by Professor FU Wen-Bin,a renowned traditional Chinese medicine expert in Guangdong Province,represents an innovative achievement in acupuncture therapy for depression-related disorders.Drawing upon the rich legacy of master scholars,meticulous study of medical literature,and over three decades of continuous research and innovation,Professor FU has formulated this technique with profound influence and widespread application.By tracing the developmental trajectory of the Lingnan liver-soothing and spirit-regulating technique,this paper sheds light on its significant guiding principles and reference value for the development of other distinctive acupuncture techniques.Furthermore,it offers insights and inspiration for advancement in various fields of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise and complex environment on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced dopaminergic neuron death in the substantia nigra of midbrain.Methods C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group,LPS group,LPS+swimming group and LPS+complex environment group,with 7 mice in each group.The mice in the LPS group were injected with LPS into the brain to establish an inflammatory model of Parkinson's disease and lived in cages for 2 weeks.Mice in LPS+swimming group were forced to swim for 15 minutes every day for 2 weeks after modeling.The mice in the LPS+complex environment group were placed in a complex environment for 2 weeks after modeling.The control group mice were not treated.After 14 days of modeling,behavioral experiments such as footprint,open field and rotating rod were performed on each group of mice to detect the autonomous exercise ability,exercise balance ability and depression level of mice.The expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)in substantia nigra was detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),Caspase-3,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the substantia nigra of the midbrain were detected by Western blotting.The transcription levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in substantia nigra were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the exercise ability and balance ability of mice in LPS group,LPS+swimming group and LPS+complex environment group decreased,the depression level increased(P＜0.001),the number of TH positive neurons and BDNF protein decreased significantly(P＜0.001),and the contents of Caspase-3,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly(P＜0.001).Compared with the LPS group,the exercise ability and balance ability of the mice in the LPS+swimming group and the LPS+complex environment group were restored,the depression level decreased significantly(P＜0.01),the survival number of TH positive neurons and the content of BDNF increased significantly(P＜0.01),Caspase-3,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α reduced significantly(P＜0.01),and the phenomenon in the LPS+complex environment group was more significant.Conclusion Exercise and complex environment can inhibit LPS-induced central nervous system inflammation in mice,thereby reducing damage to midbrain substantia nigra neurons,and the inhibitory effect of LPS+complex environment group is more significant.

Objective To evaluate the ability of the ratio of peripheral blood white blood cell(WBC)counts to platelet counts to predict the onset of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma(TL)in a mouse model.Methods Mice were subjected to fractionated total-body irradiation(TBI)to established a TL model before the changes of the WBC-to-platelet ratio during the development and progression of TL were investigated.Four-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into the normal(non-irradiation)group and radiation exposure group that was subjected to 1.8 Gy TBI once weekly for four consecutive weeks.The survival and TL-incidence of those two groups were compared within 370 days of TBI.Histomorphology and hematoxylin & eosin(H&E)staining of the thymus were used for definite diagnosis of TL while flow cytometry was adopted to detect the frequency changes of T cells in the thymus,bone marrow and spleen.Peripheral blood(PB)cell counts were measured to analyze the changes of peripheral hemogram during TL pathogenesis.Results No mice in the normal group were diagnosed with TL while 83％of the irradiated mic suffered from TL within 370 days of fractionated TBI(P＜0.0001).Using histopathologic technology,medium-sized tumor cells were observed in the thymus of irradiated mice diagnosed with TL.Cytometric analysis showed decreased frequencies of CD4 mono-positive cells and increased frequencies of CD8 mono-positive cells in the thymus,bone marrow and spleen of mice diagnosed with TL.PB analysis displayed a significant increase in the WBC-to-platelet ratio one week prior to the TL-caused death in the irradiated mice(P＜0.01).Conclusion Elevation of the peripheral blood WBC-to-platelet ratio can help predict the onset of IR-induced TL of mice.

Objective To investigate the serum S100 calcium-binding protein A4(S100A4)and fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing 5(FNDC5)levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and their relationship with pregnancy outcomes.Methods From June 2020 to June 2022,a total of 126 patients with GDM in the hospital were included into GDM group,and 126 healthy pregnant women who underwent prena-tal check ups during the same period were selected as the control group.According to the pregnancy outcome of GDM patients,they were grouped into a good pregnancy outcome group(76 cases)and a adverse pregnancy outcome group(50 cases).The levels of S100A4 and FNDC5 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome in GDM pregnant women.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to e-valuate the value of serum S100A4 and FNDC5 in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM pregnant women.Spearman correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between serum S100A4,FNDC5 and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results The serum S100A4 level in GDM group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05),while the serum FNDC5 level was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The serum S100A4 level in the good pregnancy outcome group was lower than that in the adverse pregnancy out-come group(P<0.05),while the serum FNDC5 level was higher than that in the adverse pregnancy outcome group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum S100A4 level in GDM patients was posi-tively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05),while FNDC5 level was negatively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that serum S100A4,fasting blood glucose,and HOMA-IR were risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients(P<0.05),and FNDC5 was a protective factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients(P<0.05).The area un-der the curve of the combination of serum S100A4 and FNDC5 in predicting pregnancy outcomes in GDM was greater than that of S100A4 alone(Z=2.045,P=0.041)and FNDC5 alone(Z=2.010,P=0.044).Conclu-sion The level of S100A4 in the serum of GDM patients is high,and the level of FNDC5 is low.Both have certain reference value for evaluating the pregnancy outcome of GDM pregnant women.