1.Causal relationship of liposomes and circulating metabolomes to schizophrenia: a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Mengyun LEI ; Yanhong DU ; Yao GAO ; Huaili DENG ; Binhong WANG ; Zhiyong REN ; Sha LIU
Sichuan Mental Health 2025;38(3):223-228
BackgroundSchizophrenia is a complex, chronic and severe mental disorder, and the pathogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. The abnormalities in lipid metabolism and circulating metabolomes have already been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, available studies have mainly focused on a few liposomes and circulating metabolites, failing to systematically reveal the mediating role of circulating metabolomes in the causal relationship between liposomes and schizophrenia. ObjectiveTo uncover mediating role of circulating metabolomes in the causal relationship between liposomes and schizophrenia, thereby providing biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of schizophrenia. MethodsData from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) were analyzed, taking data on 179 liposomes as exposure variables, data on 123 circulating metabolites as intermediate variables, and data on schizophrenia as outcome variable. A two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR- Egger, Weighted median, and Weighted mode methods to study the causal relationship of liposomes with schizophrenia and the mediating role of circulating metabolomes in the relationship. ResultsIVW model identified 8 lipids associated with schizophrenia without reverse causality. There were 5 circulating metabolomes strongly associated with schizophrenia. Acetate played a significant mediating role in the causal relationship between phosphatidylinositol (18:0_18:2) and schizophrenia (P=0.023, 95% CI: 0.036~0.532), accounting for 28.4% of the causal relationship. ConclusionThis study demonstrates a causal relationship between liposomes and schizophrenia, with phosphatidylinositol being a risk factor in the progression of schizophrenia, and acetate playing a mediating role in this process. [Fund by National Natural Science Foundation of China General Program (number, 82271546); Shanxi Merit Funding for Overseas Students Sci-Tech Activities Project (number, 20240041); Shanxi Province Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Team Project (number, 202304051001049); Shanxi Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars (number, 2022-190); "Six Measures for Health Care Prosperity" Specialized Research Program (number, Y2024008)]
2.Alzheimer's disease diagnosis among dementia patients via blood biomarker measurement based on the AT(N) system.
Tianyi WANG ; Li SHANG ; Chenhui MAO ; Longze SHA ; Liling DONG ; Caiyan LIU ; Dan LEI ; Jie LI ; Jie WANG ; Xinying HUANG ; Shanshan CHU ; Wei JIN ; Zhaohui ZHU ; Huimin SUI ; Bo HOU ; Feng FENG ; Bin PENG ; Liying CUI ; Jianyong WANG ; Qi XU ; Jing GAO
Chinese Medical Journal 2025;138(12):1505-1507
3.Prediction of testicular histology in azoospermia patients through deep learning-enabled two-dimensional grayscale ultrasound.
Jia-Ying HU ; Zhen-Zhe LIN ; Li DING ; Zhi-Xing ZHANG ; Wan-Ling HUANG ; Sha-Sha HUANG ; Bin LI ; Xiao-Yan XIE ; Ming-De LU ; Chun-Hua DENG ; Hao-Tian LIN ; Yong GAO ; Zhu WANG
Asian Journal of Andrology 2025;27(2):254-260
Testicular histology based on testicular biopsy is an important factor for determining appropriate testicular sperm extraction surgery and predicting sperm retrieval outcomes in patients with azoospermia. Therefore, we developed a deep learning (DL) model to establish the associations between testicular grayscale ultrasound images and testicular histology. We retrospectively included two-dimensional testicular grayscale ultrasound from patients with azoospermia (353 men with 4357 images between July 2017 and December 2021 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China) to develop a DL model. We obtained testicular histology during conventional testicular sperm extraction. Our DL model was trained based on ultrasound images or fusion data (ultrasound images fused with the corresponding testicular volume) to distinguish spermatozoa presence in pathology (SPP) and spermatozoa absence in pathology (SAP) and to classify maturation arrest (MA) and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) in patients with SAP. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were used to analyze model performance. DL based on images achieved an AUC of 0.922 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.908-0.935), a sensitivity of 80.9%, a specificity of 84.6%, and an accuracy of 83.5% in predicting SPP (including normal spermatogenesis and hypospermatogenesis) and SAP (including MA and SCOS). In the identification of SCOS and MA, DL on fusion data yielded better diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.979 (95% CI: 0.969-0.989), a sensitivity of 89.7%, a specificity of 97.1%, and an accuracy of 92.1%. Our study provides a noninvasive method to predict testicular histology for patients with azoospermia, which would avoid unnecessary testicular biopsy.
Humans
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Male
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Azoospermia/diagnostic imaging*
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Deep Learning
;
Testis/pathology*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Adult
;
Ultrasonography/methods*
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Sperm Retrieval
;
Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome/diagnostic imaging*
4.Preliminary efficacy and safety of a dose-intensified C5VD regimen in 24 children with locally advanced hepatoblastoma.
Jia-Xin PENG ; Can HUANG ; An-An ZHANG ; Ya-Li HAN ; Hai-Shan RUAN ; Xiao-Xia WANG ; Min XU ; Yuan XIN ; Li-Ting YU ; Zhi-Bao LYU ; Sha-Yi JIANG ; Yi-Jin GAO
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2025;27(10):1247-1252
OBJECTIVES:
To assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of a dose-intensified C5VD regimen (cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and doxorubicin) in children with locally advanced hepatoblastoma.
METHODS:
This prospective study enrolled 24 children with newly diagnosed, locally advanced hepatoblastoma who received the dose-intensified C5VD regimen at Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Children's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and chemotherapy-related toxicities were analyzed.
RESULTS:
Of the 24 patients, 13 were male and 11 were female, with a median age at diagnosis of 18.7 months (range: 3.5-79.4 months). All patients achieved complete macroscopic resection of hepatic lesions without liver transplantation. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels decreased significantly after two chemotherapy cycles. During a median follow-up of 38.4 months (range: 15.8-50.7 months), all patients maintained continuous complete remission, with 3-year event-free survival and overall survival rates of 100%. Across 144 chemotherapy cycles, the incidence rates of grade 3-4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and infections were 97%, 77%, and 71%, respectively; no treatment-related deaths occurred. Notably, 5 patients (21%) developed Brock grade ≥3 hearing loss, of whom 1 required a hearing aid.
CONCLUSIONS
The dose-intensified C5VD regimen demonstrates significant efficacy with an overall favorable safety profile in the treatment of newly diagnosed, locally advanced pediatric hepatoblastoma. Grade 3-4 myelosuppression and infection are the predominant toxicities. However, high‑dose cisplatin-induced ototoxicity remains a concern, highlighting the need for improved otoprotective strategies.
Humans
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Hepatoblastoma/pathology*
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Male
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Female
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Infant
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Liver Neoplasms/pathology*
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use*
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Child, Preschool
;
Prospective Studies
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Doxorubicin/adverse effects*
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Child
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Cisplatin/adverse effects*
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Vincristine/adverse effects*
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Fluorouracil/adverse effects*
5.Precise Magnetic Stimulation of the Paraventricular Nucleus Improves Sociability in a Mouse Model of ASD.
Sha LIU ; Quyang YANG ; Pengfei ZHU ; Xuan LIU ; Qingbo LU ; Jie YANG ; Jingyao GAO ; Hongbin HAN ; Zhijun ZHANG ; Ning GU ; Tao TAN ; Jianfei SUN
Neuroscience Bulletin 2025;41(10):1711-1728
Magnetic stimulation has made significant strides in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, current magnetic stimulation techniques lack the precision to accurately modulate specific nuclei and cannot realize deep brain magnetic stimulation. To address this, we utilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as mediators to achieve precise targeting and penetration. We investigated the effects of magnetic fields with varying frequencies on neuronal activity and compared the activation effects on neurons using a 10-Hz precise magneto-stimulation system (pMSS) with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in mice. Oxytocin levels, dendritic morphology and density, and mouse behavior were measured before and after pMSS intervention. Our findings suggest that pMSS can activate oxytocinergic neurons, leading to upregulation of oxytocin secretion and neurite outgrowth. As a result, sociability was rapidly improved after a one-week pMSS treatment regimen. These results demonstrate a promising magneto-stimulation method for regulating neuronal activity in deep brain nuclei and provide a promising therapeutic approach for autism spectrum disorder.
Animals
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Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology*
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Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/physiology*
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Disease Models, Animal
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods*
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Male
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Social Behavior
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Mice
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Oxytocin/metabolism*
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Neurons/physiology*
6.Dual effects of branched-chain amino acid on differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through Stat3 pathway
Xinghua Cai ; Jie Gao ; Yuanying Xu ; Huihui Zhang ; Rouzi Maireyanmu ; Wenjun Sha ; Jun Lu ; Tao Lei
Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui 2025;60(3):494-501
Objective :
To investigate the effects of branched-chain amino acid(BCAA) on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and its potential mechanism.
Methods :
3T3-L1 preadipocytes were divided into the Control, differentiation medium(DM), low-concentration BCAA, and high-concentration BCAA groups. A CCK-8 assay was utilized to evaluate pre-adipocyte survival under various BCAA concentrations. Oil-red O staining was used to observe the formation of lipid droplets in adipocytes. Intracellular triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) were detected by enzymatic method. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of Stat3 and adipocyte differentiation-related genes.
Results :
CCK-8 results showed that the viability of 3T3-L1 cells was not affected when the BCAA concentration was ≤ 10 mmol/L. Compared with the DM group, the low-concentration BCAA groups(0.5 and 1.0 mmol/L) had significantly larger intracellular lipid droplets, increased number of lipid droplets, and elevated levels of the intracellular TC(0.88vs0.68 mmol/g; 0.83vs0.68 mmol/g,P<0.01) and TG(0.77vs0.40 mmol/g; 0.62vs0.40 mmol/g,P<0.01). Nevertheless, the cell differentiation in the high-concentration group(5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L) significantly decreased compared with that in the DM group. Further, levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα, Adiponectin, and FABP4 mRNA and protein expression significantly increased in the low-concentration group, but significantly decreased in the high-concentration group than that in the DM group(P<0.01). In addition, low concentrations of BCAA promoted stat3 phosphorylation, while high concentrations inhibited its phosphorylation(P<0.01).
Conclusion
BCAA have a dual role in regulating the differentiation of preadipocytes through Stat3, i.e. low concentrations of BCAA induce cell differentiation by promoting Stat3 phosphorylation; whereas high concentrations of BCAA inhibit Stat3 phosphorylation and cell differentiation.
7.Association between congenital hypothyroidism and in-hospital adverse outcomes in very low birth weight infants
Sha ZHU ; Jing XU ; Ranran SHI ; Xiaokang WANG ; Maomao SUN ; Shina LI ; Lingling GAO ; Yuanyuan LI ; Huimin WEN ; Changliang ZHAO ; Shuai LI ; Juan JI ; Cuihong YANG ; Yonghui YU
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics 2024;62(1):29-35
Objective:To investigate the association between congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and the adverse outcomes during hospitalization in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI).Methods:This prospective, multicenter observational cohort study was conducted based on the data from the Sino-northern Neonatal Network (SNN). Data of 5 818 VLBWI with birth weight <1 500 g and gestational age between 24-<37 weeks that were admitted to the 37 neonatal intensive care units from January 1 st, 2019 to December 31 st, 2022 were collected and analyzed. Thyroid function was first screened at 7 to 10 days after birth, followed by weekly tests within the first 4 weeks, and retested at 36 weeks of corrected gestational age or before discharge. The VLBWI were assigned to the CH group or non-CH group. Chi-square test, Fisher exact probability method, Wilcoxon rank sum test, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between CH and poor prognosis during hospitalization in VLBWI. Results:A total of 5 818 eligible VLBWI were enrolled, with 2 982 (51.3%) males and the gestational age of 30 (29, 31) weeks. The incidence of CH was 5.5% (319 VLBWI). Among the CH group, only 121 VLBWI (37.9%) were diagnosed at the first screening. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CH was associated with increased incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) ( OR=1.31(1.04-1.64), P<0.05) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of stage Ⅲ and above ( OR=1.74(1.11-2.75), P<0.05). However, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed no significant correlation between CH and EUGR, moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in stage Ⅱ or above, and ROP in stage Ⅲ or above ( OR=1.04 (0.81-1.33), 0.79 (0.54-1.15), 1.15 (0.58-2.26), 1.43 (0.81-2.53), 1.12 (0.70-1.80), all P>0.05). Conclusion:There is no significant correlation between CH and in-hospital adverse outcomes, possibly due to timely diagnosis and active replacement therapy.
8.Effect and mechanism of dandelion flavonoids in alleviating lipopolysaccharide-induced colon epithelial cell injury
Jia-Qi ZHANG ; Dong-Xue MEI ; Sha LI ; Sheng-Gai GAO ; Jia ZHENG ; Hong-Xia LIANG ; Yi WANG
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2024;40(4):549-553
Objective To investigate the protective effect of dandelion flavone(DF)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced colon epithelial cell injury by intervening oxidative stress and inflammation with AT-specific binding protein 2(SATB2).Methods Colon epithelial cells FHC were cultured.FHC cells were randomly divided into control group(normal cultured),LPS group(10 μg·mL-1 LPS),experimental-L group(10 μg·mL-1 LPS+1 μmol·L-1 DF),experimental-H group(10 μg·mL-1 LPS+5 μmol·L-1 DF),experimental-H+sh-NC group(transfected with sh-NC+10 μg·mL-1 LPS+5 μmol·mL-1 DF),experimental-H+sh-SATB2 group(transfected with sh-SATB2+10 μg·mL-1 LPS+5μmol·L-1 DF).The relative expression level of SATB2 protein in FHC cells was detected by Western blotting.The survival rate of FHC cells in each group was determined by tetramethylazolium blue(MTT).The apoptosis rate of FHC cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry.The levels of malondialdehyde(MDA)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in FHC cells were detected by the kit.Results The relative expression levels of SATB2 protein in control group,LPS group,experimental-H group,experimental-H+sh-NC group and experimental-H+sh-SATB2 group were 0.83±0.09,0.19±0.03,0.66±0.05,0.62±0.07 and 0.23±0.03,respectively;cell viability rates were(100.00±1.00)%,(48.16±4.31)%,(85.31±5.83)%,(81.39±6.47)%and(58.75±5.24)%,respectively;cell apoptosis rates were(3.27±0.81)%,(41.26±2.09)%,(11.35±1.04)%,(10.29±1.26)%and(35.87±2.15)%,respectively;MDA levels were(13.16±1.73),(52.87±3.49),(23.19±2.05),(20.98±3.17)and(44.87±3.05)μmol·L-1,respectively;IL-6 levels were(507.18±103.26),(2 132.09±198.15),(883.16±136.92),(801.69±119.85)and(1 736.29±206.91)pg·mL-1,respectively.The above indicators in the LPS group showed significant differences compared to the control group(all P<0.05);the above indicators in the experimental-H group showed significant differences compared to the LPS group(all P<0.05);the above indicators in the experimental-H+sh-SATB2 group showed significant differences compared to the experimental-H+sh-NC group(all P<0.05).Conclusion DF has a protective effect on LPS-induced colon epithelial cell injury by intervening oxidative stress and inflammation through SATB2.
9.Health risk assessment of oral exposure to 9 metals/ metalloids in drinking water for adults in Zibo, Shandong Province
Sha ZHU ; Yi HE ; Hui GAO ; Tong CHANG ; Tao WANG ; Cheng PENG
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine 2024;41(9):1049-1053
Background Oral exposure to metals/metalloid elements in drinking water may be harmful to human health. Objective To assess potential health risks of oral exposure to 9 metals/metalloids in drinking water in Zibo City of Shandong Province from 2019 to 2023, and provide reference for the development of local drinking water management policies. Method From 2019 to 2023, a total of
10.Perspective of Calcium Imaging Technology Applied to Acupuncture Research.
Sha LI ; Yun LIU ; Nan ZHANG ; Wang LI ; Wen-Jie XU ; Yi-Qian XU ; Yi-Yuan CHEN ; Xiang CUI ; Bing ZHU ; Xin-Yan GAO
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2024;30(1):3-9
Acupuncture, a therapeutic treatment defined as the insertion of needles into the body at specific points (ie, acupoints), has growing in popularity world-wide to treat various diseases effectively, especially acute and chronic pain. In parallel, interest in the physiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia, particularly the neural mechanisms have been increasing. Over the past decades, our understanding of how the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system process signals induced by acupuncture has developed rapidly by using electrophysiological methods. However, with the development of neuroscience, electrophysiology is being challenged by calcium imaging in view field, neuron population and visualization in vivo. Owing to the outstanding spatial resolution, the novel imaging approaches provide opportunities to enrich our knowledge about the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia at subcellular, cellular, and circuit levels in combination with new labeling, genetic and circuit tracing techniques. Therefore, this review will introduce the principle and the method of calcium imaging applied to acupuncture research. We will also review the current findings in pain research using calcium imaging from in vitro to in vivo experiments and discuss the potential methodological considerations in studying acupuncture analgesia.
Calcium
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Acupuncture Therapy
;
Acupuncture
;
Acupuncture Analgesia/methods*
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Acupuncture Points
;
Technology


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