ObjectiveThe development trend and knowledge structure of the research on human use experience （HUE） of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） were systematically reviewed， and the core challenges and future directions were identified. This study aims to provide reference for the construction of a scientific and feasible research and development framework and evidence transformation system. MethodsLiterature related to "human use experience" published from January 1， 2019 to July 31， 2025 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang， China Science and Technology Journal Database （VIP）， and PubMed databases. Bibliometric visualization was conducted using Excel， VOSviewer， and CiteSpace， followed by in-depth reading and thematic summarization of core literature. ResultsA total of 181 papers were included for bibliometric analysis， with 45 articles used for in-depth thematic mining. The analysis showed that the number of publications on HUE research has increased in a stepwise manner over the past five years. Yang Zhongqi （24 times） was the core of the author network， the journal with the highest number of publications was China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica， the institutions publishing the most articles were mainly research institutions， regulatory agencies， hospitals， and universities， high-frequency keywords included "new TCM drugs"， "real-world studies"， and "clinical comprehensive evaluation"， keyword clustering analysis formed three major clusters： Policy orientation， application fields， and methodological approaches. Thematic analysis reveals that HUE-based evaluation should be integrated throughout the research and development process， encompassing three dimensions： TCM theory， clinical value， and pharmaceutical fundamentals， with toxic herbs and compatibility contraindications being key foci. Data collection primarily relies on empirical data， while real-world data constitute the primary source for clinical research， with efficacy and safety as the shared core. Data management emphasizes quality control and statistical analysis； however， the management of bias and confounding remains a critical bottleneck in evidence transformation. In practice， HUE-based approaches have successfully supported the registration and evaluation of multiple categories of new TCM drugs. ConclusionThe research on HUE of TCM has formed a policy-driven pattern characterized by， rapid development and close link with regulatory practice. A technical framework covering the whole chain of research and development has been constructed with clinical value as the core， which provides methodological basis and strategy reference for the scientific transformation of HUE of TCM from "experience" to "evidence".

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of polydatin in delaying the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer （CAC） by constructing an azoxymethane （AOM）/dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）-induced CAC mouse model and conducting in vitro experiments. MethodsFifty-four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal， model， and polydatin groups （0.045 g·kg^-1）. The CAC mouse model was established using AOM/DSS， and samples were collected at 4， 7， and 10 weeks. Body weight change rate， disease activity index （DAI）， and tumor formation were assessed. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological injury in intestinal tissues. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was performed to detect zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1） expression in colonic tissues， and Western blot was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin， N-cadherin， and Vimentin in colonic epithelial cells. Real-time PCR was used to measure mRNA expression of interleukin-17A （IL-17A）， Wnt3a， β-catenin， T cell factor 1 （Tcf1）， E-cadherin， N-cadherin， and Vimentin in colonic tissues. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportion of CD8⁺T cells and the expression of exhaustion-related molecules in tumors. Human colon cancer DLD-1 cells were cultured in a polydatin-containing medium， and wound healing assays were performed to observe migration changes. Real-time PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of interleukin-17 receptor A （IL-17RA）， Wnt3a， β-catenin， Tcf1， E-cadherin， N-cadherin， and Vimentin in DLD-1 cells. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group at all three time points showed significantly decreased body weight change rate （P<0.01）， significantly shortened colon length （P<0.01）， and markedly increased DAI scores （P<0.01）. HE staining revealed significant inflammatory cell infiltration in the submucosa of the colon in the model group， accompanied by epithelial dysplasia. ZO-1 expression in colonic tissues was significantly reduced （P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory factor IL-17A and key molecules of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway （Wnt3a， β-catenin， Tcf1） was significantly elevated （P<0.05）. The mRNA and protein expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） markers N-cadherin and Vimentin was significantly upregulated （P<0.05）， while E-cadherin expression was significantly downregulated （P<0.05）. The proportion of tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺T cells expressing immunosuppressive molecules （TIM-3， LAG-3， PD-1） was significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the polydatin group showed significant improvement in body weight and DAI score （P<0.01）， as well as recovery of colon length and tissue injury. ZO-1 expression in colonic tissue was significantly increased （P<0.01）， while IL-17A， Wnt3a， β-catenin， Tcf1， N-cadherin， and Vimentin expression levels were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and E-cadherin expression was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells expressing immunosuppressive molecules were significantly reduced （P<0.05）. In vitro experiments showed that polydatin significantly inhibited migration of DLD-1 cells （P<0.01） and reversed the upregulation of IL-17RA， Wnt3a， β-catenin， N-cadherin， and Vimentin mRNA， as well as the downregulation of E-cadherin mRNA （P<0.05）. ConclusionPolydatin inhibits IL-17A secretion and IL-17RA expression， improves the immune microenvironment， blocks activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway， suppresses EMT markers （N-cadherin and Vimentin）， and restores tight junction protein expression in intestinal epithelial cells， thereby delaying the progression from colitis to colorectal cancer in mice.

AIM: To analyze the pathological features, immunophenotype, and imaging findings of conjunctival lymphangiectasia(CL), and to explore the etiological mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODS:This single-center descriptive cross-sectional study enrolled postoperative specimens from patients with CL who underwent surgical treatment in the hospital between Feb. 2023 and Sept. 2025. Routine hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemical staining(D2-40, CD31, CD34, CK)were performed. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)was used to observe the lesion morphology. The pathological results were comprehensively analyzed combined with clinical data. RESULTS: A total of postoperative specimens from 32 eyes of 32 patients with CL were enrolled, including 23 females(72%)and 9 males(28%), with a mean age of 53.03±12.47 y. All patients presented with single or multiple transparent cystic elevations beneath the bulbar conjunctiva. The postoperative pathological manifestations were characterized by dilation of conjunctival lymphatic vessels lined with a single layer of flattened endothelial cells, accompanied by edema and inflammatory infiltration in the surrounding stroma. All cases were positive for D2-40, confirming a lymphatic origin; some cases also expressed CD31 and CD34. AS-OCT revealed the lesions as unilocular or multilocular cystic spaces with low reflectivity. After complete surgical resection, the mean follow-up period was 16.2 mo with no recurrence.CONCLUSION:CL is a benign ocular surface lesion characterized by lymphatic vessel dilation. The endothelium co-expresses lymphatic and some vascular markers, suggesting that CL may belong to the spectrum of vascular malformations. AS-OCT has adjunctive diagnostic value, and surgical resection has definitive therapeutic efficacy.

Background/Aims: Dexamethasone (DEX) is a widely used exogenous therapeutic glucocorticoid in clinical settings. Its long-term use leads to many side effects. However, its effect on metabolic disorders in individuals on a high-fat diet (HFD) remains poorly understood. Methods: In this study, HFD-fed mice were intraperitoneally injected with DEX 2.5 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Lipid metabolism, adipocyte proliferation, and inflammation were assayed using typical approaches. Results: DEX increased the epididymal fat index and epididymal adipocyte size in HFD-fed mice. The number of epididymal adipocytes with diameters > 70 μm accounted for 0.5% of the cells in the control group, 30% of the cells in the DEX group, 19% of the cells in the HFD group, and 38% of all the cells in the D+H group. Adipocyte proliferation in the D+H group was inhibited by DEX treatment. Adipocyte enlargement in the D+H group was associated with increased the lipid accumulation but not the adipocyte proliferation. In contrast, the liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and their metabolism were downregulated by the same treatment, indicating the therapeutic potential of DEX for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusions DEX synergizes with HFD to promote lipid deposition in adipose tissues. A high risk of obesity development in patients receiving HFD and DEX treatment is suggested.

OBJECTIVE To construct three-class （insufficient， normal， excessive） and two-class （insufficient， normal） models for predicting plasma concentration of valproic acid （VPA）， and compare the performance of these two models， with the aim of providing a reference for formulating clinical medication strategies. METHODS The clinical data of 480 patients who received VPA treatment and underwent blood concentration test at the Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital were collected from November 2022 to September 2024 （a total of 695 sets of data）. In this study， predictive models were constructed for target variables of three-class and two-class models. Feature ranking and selection were carried out using XGBoost scores. Twelve different machine learning algorithms were used for training and validation， and the performance of the models was evaluated using three indexes: accuracy， F1 score， and the area under the working characteristic curve of the subject （AUC）. RESULTS XGBoost feature importance scores revealed that in the three-class model， the importance ranking of kidney disease and electrolyte disorders was higher. However， in the two-class model， the importance ranking of these features significantly decreased， suggesting a close association with the excessive blood concentration of VPA. In the three-class model， Random Forest method performed best， with F1 score of 0.704 0 and AUC of 0.519 3 on the test set； while in the two-class model， CatBoost method performed optimally， with F1 score of 0.785 7 and AUC of 0.819 5 on the test set. CONCLUSIONS The constructed three-class model has the ability to predict excessive VPA blood concentration， but its prediction and model generalization abilities are poor； the constructed two-class model can only perform classification prediction for insufficient and normal blood concentration cases， but its model performance is stronger.

This study was aimed at exploring the prevalence and drug sensitivity of Gordonia strains isolated from sputum samples in Henan Province,to provide data to aid in the prevention and treatment of Gordonia infection.A combination of 16S rDNA and sec A1 gene sequencing was used to identify the isolated strains,and susceptibility to16 drugs was determined with the broth microdilution method.A total of 21 strains were identified through 16S rDNA gene and sec A1 gene sequencing,including five strains of Gordonia broncians,eight strains of Gordonia paraphernivans,seven strains of Gordonia sputi,and one strain of Gordonia aichiensis.Drug sensi-tivity testing showed high Gordonia sensitivity to drugs such as ceftriaxone,linezolid,doxycycline,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,mino-cycline,cefotaxime,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,imipenem,tobramycin,and clarithromycin.The sensitivity rates of the isolated strains were 90.48%(19/21),100%(21/21),90.48%(19/21),90.48%(19/21),95.24%(20/21),90.48%(19/21),90.48%(19/21),90.48%(19/21),and 95.24%(20/21),respectively.Gordonia showed high resistance to rifampicin and cefepime,with rates of 28.57%(6/21)and 19.05%(4/21),respectively.Meanwhile,the resistance varied among bacterial strains.The resistance rate of G.sputi to rifampicin reached 71.43%(5/7),whereas that of G.parapffinivoras to cefepime was 37.5%(3/8).The main species of Gordo-nia isolated from sputum samples of patients in Henan Province were G.bronchialis,G.paraffinivoras,G.sputi,and G.aichiensis.Drug sensitivity tests indicated that drugs including amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,tobramycin,clarithromycin,mi-nocycline,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,linezolid,and doxycycline had good antibacterial effects against Gordonia.

Objective To investigate the effects of gut microbiota regulation combined with exercise rehabilitation on non-motor symptoms and neurological function in Parkinson's disease patients.Methods A total of 154 Parkinson's disease patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected as the subjects of the study.Using a random number table,these 154 patients were evenly divided into a control group and a treatment group,with 77 patients in each group.Both groups received standard treatments,but the control group also underwent exercise rehabilitation therapy,while the treatment group received probiotic supplementation and exercise rehabilitation therapy.The effectiveness of the two groups was then compared.Results Following the 12 weeks,24 weeks therapeutic regimen,The treatment group showed significantly better outcomes(P<0.05).Clinically meaningful reductions were observed in Hoehn-Yahr staging,alongside decreased scores on standardized instruments assessing psychiatric symptoms HAMA,HAMD,SCOPA-AUT,UPDRS Ⅰ-IV and PDSS(P<0.05).Concurrently,the study group exhibited enhanced MMSE(P<0.05).Fecal microbiome analyses revealed a favorable ecological shift characterized by increased colonization of beneficial genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus,with concomitant suppression of pathobionts Enterococcus and Enterobacteriaceae.Gait analysis revealed increased step length,speed,and frequency in the treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with Parkinson's disease who received probiotics combined with exercise rehabilitation treatment could effectively improve non-motor symptoms and neurological function,while promoting the balance of intestinal flora,and reduce clinical symptoms.

Objective To explore the risk prediction value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(Gd-EOB-MRI)liver imaging reporting and data system version 2018(LI-RADS v2018)with contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)LI-RADS version 2017(LI-RADS v2017)in high-risk patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The clinical and imaging data of 122 high-risk patients for HCC(with a total of 134 liver lesions)who underwent both Gd-EOB-MRI and CEUS examination at the same time and obtained pathological results within one month were retrospectively col-lected.The nodules were classified according to the CT/MRI LI-RADS v2018 and CEUS LI-RADS v2017 criteria,and the LI-RADS classification results of the two imaging methods were subjected to Cohen's Kappa test.Using pathological results as the gold stand-ard,the diagnostic efficacy of LI-RADS v2018 and LI-RADS v2017 with LR-5 as the standard for HCC was calculated separately.Results The overall consistency between the Gd-EOB-MRI LI-RADS v2018 and CEUS LI-RADS v2017 classification standards was good(Kappa=0.691,P＜0.001).Using LR-5 as the standard for diagnosing HCC,the sensitivity of Gd-EOB-MRI and CEUS was 84.7％and 81.2％,the specificity was 79.6％and 73.5％,the positive predictive value was 87.8％and 84.1％,the negative predictive value was 75.0％and 69.2％,and the accuracy was 82.8％and 78.4％,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic efficacy of the diagnosis of HCC by LR-5 between the two imaging methods(P＞0.05).Conclusion The Gd-EOB-MRI LI-RADS v2018 and CEUS LI-RADS v2017 classifica-tion standards show good overall agreement.The diagnostic efficacy of Gd-EOB-MRI for HCC using LR-5 classification is better than that of CEUS.

Objective To examine the changing prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Burkholderia cepacia in 52 hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021.Methods A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were collected from 52 hospitals between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was tested using Kirby-Bauer method or automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems according to a unified protocol.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints released in the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)guidelines(2023 edition).Results A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were isolated from all age groups,especially elderly patients.The proportion was 11.1％(1 032 strains)in children,significantly lower than the proportion in adults.About half(46.5％,4 310/9 261)of the strains were isolated from patients at least 60 years old and 42.3％(3 919/9 261)of the strains were isolated from young adults.Most isolates(71.1％)were isolated from sputum and respiratory secretions,followed by urine(10.7％)and blood samples(8.1％).B.cepacia isolates were highly susceptible to the five antimicrobial agents recommended in the CLSI M100 document(33rd edition,2023).B.cepacia isolates showed relatively higher resistance rates to meropenem and levofloxacin.However,the resistance rates to ceftazidime,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,and minocycline remained below 8.1％.The percentage of B.cepacia strains resistant to levofloxacin was the highest compared to other antibiotics in any of the three age groups(from 12.4％in the patients＜18 years old to 20.6％in the patients aged 60 years or older).Conclusions B.cepacia is one of the clinically important non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.Accurate and timely reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility test results and ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance are helpful for rational prescription of antimicrobial agents and proper prevention and control of nosocomial infections.

Objective To analyze the impact of the National Centralized Drug Procurement Policy(hereinafter referred to as the"centralized procurement policy")on the utilization of breast cancer treatment drugs in a specialized cancer hospital.Methods The defined daily dose(DDD)method was used to compare the daily drug cost(DDC),drug utilization frequency(DDDs),and affordability of letrozole,anastrozole,and capecitabine before and after the implementation of the centralized pro-curement policy in a tertiary specialized cancer hospital in Guangzhou.Results and Conclusion After the policy implementa-tion,the DDC of all three drugs decreased.The out-of-pocket DDC for the selected drugs remained stable or decreased,while the out-of-pocket DDC for both originator drugs and generic drugs increased,with a more pronounced increase for originator drugs.The proportion of DDDs for the selected drugs increased post-policy.The centralized procurement policy not only reduced the prices of selected drugs but also drove down the prices of generic and originator drugs.It is recommended to further expand the scope of centralized procurement for anticancer drugs and the types of cancers covered,as well as to establish a transitional mech-anism for medical insurance payment standards.