Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of dual fluorescence laparoscopy in the localization of ureteral stricture and its blood supply，and to provide a new idea for the treatment of complex ureteral stenosis，thus helping doctors to improve the efficiency of ureteral reconstruction surgery. Methods: Our team developed a dual fluorescence laparoscopic system，which could simultaneously identify the ureter stricture by intra-ureteral injection of methylene blue (MB) and assess the blood supply of the ureteral stumps by intravenous injection of indocyanine green (ICG). Results: The clinical data of 3 patients who underwent lingual mucosa ureteroplasty using dual fluorescence laparoscopy in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University were retrospectively analyzed.All operations were successful，without conversion to open surgery.The operation time was 144，132 and 163 minutes，respectively.The length of harvested lingual mucosa graft was 2.0，2.8 and 3.5 cm，respectively.No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.Eight weeks after operation，ureterography showed that the ureter was unobstructed. Conclusion: Dual fluorescence laparoscopy is safe and feasible in the repair of complex ureteral stricture with lingual mucosa graft，which provides a new idea for complex ureteral reconstruction.

Objective: To investigate the mediating role of children s sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children, providing a reference for promoting the development of the executive function of preschool children. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 842 preschoolers from 12 kindergartens in Wuhu City, Anhui Province in December 2021 as the subjects of the first follow up study with follow up every six months thereafter. Finally, 746 children were included in the study after 3 follow up. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the associations among mother-child relationship, sleep quality and executive function in preschool children. Bootstrap program and PROCESS software were applied to test the mediating effect of sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Results: Conflictual mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and organizational planning ( r=0.40, 0.37, 0.36, 0.41, 0.38 , 0.34, all P <0.05). Dependent mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory , and organizational planning ( r=0.23, 0.20, 0.21, 0.22 , 0.22, 0.19, all P <0.05). Sleep quality was positively correlated with the total executive function score ( r=0.27, P <0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep quality played a partial mediating role in the associations between dependent and conflictual mother-child relationships and executive function, the mediating effects were 19.40% and 11.22% respectively. Conclusions Sleep quality plays a mediating role in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Improving sleep quality in the early stage can promote the executive function of preschool children.

Objective: To explore the effects of parenting style on emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) of preschool children and to provide theoretical reference for promoting children s physical and mental health. Methods: In October-November 2021, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 3 575 preschool children aged 3-6 years from 12 kindergartens in Hefei. Data on parenting styles and children s EBPs were collected through electronic questionnaires. Binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the effects of parenting styles on children s EBPs. Results: The detection rates of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer interaction problems, and prosocial behavior problems were 15.5% ( n =554), 23.2% ( n =830), 22.4% ( n =802), 38.2% ( n =1 367), and 29.5% ( n =1 055) in preschool children, respectively. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates such as child s age, sex, and preterm birth, a high authoritative parenting style reduced the risk of EBPs in children ( OR =0.29-0.78), while a high authoritarian ( OR =1.36-2.15) and high permissive ( OR =1.36-1.68) parenting style in mothers increased the risk of EBPs in children (all P <0.05). Further stratified analysis indicated that among children with fathers exhibiting high authoritative, high authoritarian, or high permissive parenting styles, a high authoritative parenting style in mothers reduced the risk of peer interaction problems and prosocial behavior problems ( OR =0.51, 0.30 ; 0.44, 0.23; 0.51, 0.29, all P <0.05). Among children with fathers exhibiting a high authoritative parenting style, a high authoritarian parenting style in mothers increased the risk of emotional problems ( OR =2.59), and both high authoritarian and high permissive parenting styles in mothers increased the risk of conduct problems ( OR =3.25, 2.09) and hyperactivity problems ( OR =2.35, 2.87) (all P <0.05). Among children with fathers exhibiting high authoritarian or high permissive parenting styles, a high authoritarian parenting style in mothers increased the risk of EBPs ( OR =1.65-2.71, 1.62-2.52, all P <0.05). Conclusion Parenting style is an important factor affecting EBPs of preschool children, and appropriate parenting style is beneficial for children s psychological development.

Objective: To analyze the association of mother-child interaction and screen exposure of preschool children with psychological and behavioural problems, so as to provide guidance for promoting the psychological development of preschool children. Methods: From November to December 2024, a convenience cluster sampling method was used to survey 2 977 mothers of preschool children in Daguan and Yingjiang districts of Anqing City. The Chinese Parent-Child Interaction Scale (CPCIS) was applied to evaluate the quality of mother-child interaction, and the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to assess the psychological and behavioral problems of preschool children. Binary Logistic regression was applied to analyze the association of mother-child interaction, screen exposure and their combined effect on psychological and behavioral problems among preschool children. Results: The detection rate of psychological and behavioral problems among preschool children was 13.9%. Binary Logistic regression results showed that low scores of mother-child interaction ( OR=2.31, 95%CI =1.72-3.11) and high screen exposure ( OR= 1.52 , 95%CI =1.23-1.88) were higher risks for psychological and behavioral problems in preschool children; the results of the combined effect showed that preschool children in low scores of mother-child interaction and low screen exposure group ( OR=2.18, 95%CI =1.46-3.28), low scores of mother-child interaction and high screen exposure group ( OR=3.13, 95%CI =2.10- 4.65 ) had significantly higher risks of abnormal detection in psychological and behavioral problems, compared to those in the high scores of mother-child interaction and low screen exposure group respectively (all P <0.05). Conclusions Both screen exposure and mother- child interaction are associated with psychological and behavioral problems in preschool children. High quality mother-child interaction can relieve the adverse effects of screen exposure on preschool children s psychological and behavioral development.

Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the second most prevalent malignancy among men worldwide. Early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and prognosis prediction of PCa play a crucial role in improving patients' survival rates. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly the utilization of deep learning (DL) algorithms, has brought about substantial progress in assisting the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of PCa. The introduction of the foundation model has revolutionized the application of AI in medical treatment and facilitated its integration into clinical practice. This review emphasizes the clinical application of AI in PCa by discussing recent advancements from both pathological and imaging perspectives. Furthermore, it explores the current challenges faced by AI in clinical applications while also considering future developments, aiming to provide a valuable point of reference for the integration of AI and clinical applications.
Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Male ; Artificial Intelligence ; Deep Learning ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of Shenge powder (SGP) on myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction and its relation with lysyl oxidase like protein 2 (LOXL2)/transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/IL-11 signaling pathway. METHODS: Seventy-two SPF male SD rats were divided into blank control group, model control group, SGP small dose group, SGP large dose group, positive control group, SGP large dose+LOXL2 activator group, with 12 rats in each group. Except for the blank control group, post-myocardial infarction heart failure was induced by coronary constriction. Corresponding treatments were given immediately after successful modeling, once a day for 4 weeks. Left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in rats were detected by color Doppler ultrasound imaging. Levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were analyzed by ELISA method. Myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was evaluated by Masson staining. Expressions of collagen Ⅰ and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in myocardial tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) in myocardial tissue were detected by qRT-PCR. Expression of LOXL2, TGF-β1, and IL-11 proteins in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the LVFS and LVEF of the model control group decreased, the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β elevated, and the CVF value, the expressions of collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA in myocardial tissue, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA, and LOXL2, TGF-β1, IL-11 proteins increased (all P<0.05). Compared with the model control group, the LVFS and LVEF of SGP small dose group, SGP large dose group and positive control group increased, the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β decreased, and the CVF value, the expressions of collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA in myocardial tissue, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA, and LOXL2, TGF-β1, IL-11 proteins decreased (all P<0.05); while LOXL2 activator reversed the improvement effect of high-dose SGP on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS Shenge powder may inhibit myocardial fibrosis in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction by inhibiting the LOXL2/TGF-β1/IL-11 pathway.
Animals ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Myocardial Infarction/complications* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Rats ; Heart Failure/pathology* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Fibrosis ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/metabolism* ; Interleukin-11/metabolism* ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/metabolism* ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism*

Objective:To evaluate and compare dermoscopic features of toenail psoriasis and fingernail psoriasis.Methods:Between June 2020 and January 2022, 61 patients with confirmed toenail psoriasis and 80 with confirmed fingernail psoriasis were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology of Peking University First Hospital. Dermoscopy was performed on 139 affected toenails and 158 affected fingernails among the psoriasis patients, and dermoscopic characteristics were analyzed between the two groups by using the chi-square test.Results:The most common dermoscopic feature of nail psoriasis was pitting (223/297, 75.08%), followed by splinter haemorrhages (164/297, 55.22%), subungual hyperkeratosis (133/297, 44.78%), oil drop sign (126/297, 42.42%), complete onycholysis (121/297, 40.74%), linear margin of the proximal onycholysis (107/297, 36.03%) and linear erythema at the margin of the onycholysis (77/297, 25.93%). Compared with the patients with fingernail psoriasis, those with toenail psoriasis more commonly presented with subungual hyperkeratosis (81[58.27%] vs. 52[32.91%], P < 0.001), punctate/blocky haemorrhages (22[15.83%] vs. 11[6.96%], P < 0.05), longitudinal striae (34[24.46%] vs. 10[6.33%], P < 0.001), longitudinal nail splitting (24[17.27%] vs. 9[5.70%], P < 0.01), brown discoloration (14[10.07%] vs. 2[1.27%], P < 0.01), transverse grooves (17[12.23%] vs. 1[0.63%], P < 0.001) and leukonychia (10[7.19%] vs. 1[0.63%], P < 0.01) ; compared with the patients with toenail psoriasis, those with fingernail psoriasis more commonly presented with splinter haemorrhages (100[63.29%] vs. 64[46.04%], P < 0.01), oil drop sign (81[51.27%] vs. 45[32.37%], P < 0.01), linear erythema at the margin of the onycholysis (55[34.81%] vs. 22[15.83%], P < 0.001), partial onycholysis (50[31.65%] vs. 19[13.67%], P < 0.001) and red spots in the lunula (36[22.78%] vs. 12[8.63%], P < 0.01) . Conclusion:The dermoscopic features of toenail psoriasis were quite different from those of fingernail psoriasis, and features such as subungual hyperkeratosis, longitudinal streaks, and brown discoloration were more commonly presented in patients with toenail psoriasis.

Objective:To analyze the current status of diagnosis and treatment of rosacea in China, and to strengthen the understanding and management of this disease.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, and patients with rosacea were enrolled from 23 tertiary hospitals in 6 provinces or municipalities in northern and southern China. Clinical characteristics, previous diagnosis and treatment status of these patients were collected through questionnaires. Non-normally distributed continuous data were described by M ( Q1, Q3), and compared using Mann-Whitney U test, while categorical data were compared using chi-square test. Results:Among the 593 patients with rosacea, 164 were males and 429 were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶2.6; 205 patients were from southern China, and 388 from northern China; most patients (349 cases, 58.8%) were aged 20 to 40 years, and the patients from northern China were significantly older than those from southern China (median age: 37 years vs. 30 years, P < 0.001). Multiple-site involvement (371 cases, 62.6%) and coexistence of multiple phenotypes (391 cases, 65.9%) were common, the cheeks (429 cases, 72.3%) and nose (393 cases, 66.3%) were mostly affected, and skin lesions mainly manifested as persistent erythema (354 cases, 59.7%), papulopustules (344 cases, 58.0%), and telangiectasia (282 cases, 47.6%). Involvement of the cheeks was more common in the patients from southern China (160 cases, 78.0%) than in those from northern China (269 cases, 69.3%), but the nose and eyes were less involved in the patients from southern China than in those from northern China (nose: 125 cases [61.0%] vs. 268 cases [69.1%]; eyes: 3 cases [1.5%] vs. 23 cases [5.9%]; both P < 0.05). The prevalence of transient erythema and papulopustules was significantly higher in the patients from southern China (38.0% and 65.4%, respectively) than in those from northern China (20.9% and 54.1% respectively, both P < 0.05), while the patients from northern China more frequently presented with persistent erythema compared with those from southern China (64.9% vs. 49.8%, P < 0.05). The disease duration ( M [ Q1, Q3]) was 12 (4, 30) months among the patients with rosacea, and the time from the onset to diagnosis was 10 (3, 24) months. The disease duration was significantly longer (12 [4, 36] months), and the proportion of patients with disease duration > 5 years was significantly higher (16.4% [63 cases]) in the patients from northern China than in those from southern China (12 [3, 24] months, 9.4% [19 cases], respectively; both P < 0.05). The patients with varied subtypes and severity of rosacea were previously mainly treated with topical antimicrobial agents (71.9%) ; 72.7% of the patients with mild rosacea were treated with systemic drugs; poor patient compliance was observed, and only 40.6% of the patients completed more than 4 consecutive weeks of treatment at a time. Conclusions:Rosacea usually occurred in young and middle-aged people in China, mostly involved the cheeks and nose, and mainly manifested as erythema or papulopustules. Delayed diagnosis, non-standard treatment and poor patient compliance existed in clinical practice.

Objective: To explore the mediating role of psychological and physical aggression in the association between maternal emotional symptoms with emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children, so as to provide references for effective intervention of risk factors related to childrens emotional and behavioral problems. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted to select 12 kindergarten children and their mothers in Wuhu City, Anhui Province by using stratified clustering sampling. The baseline survey was carried out in June 2021, followed up every six months, and a total of 3 followups were administered. Totally 853 valid questionnaires of junior class children were included by the survey data from baseline, second and thirl followups. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales (CTSPC) and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used to measure maternal emotional symptoms, psychological and physical aggression, and childrens emotional and behavioral problems, respectively. Results: The physical aggression of mothers towards children in boys was higher than in girls (t=3.53, P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that maternal depressive symptoms were positively correlated with psychological aggression, physical aggression and childrens SDQ scores (r=0.20, 0.21, 0.18, P<0.01), maternal anxiety symptoms were positively correlated with psychological aggression, physical aggression and childrens SDQ scores (r=0.24, 0.22, 0.10, P<0.01), respectively; maternal stress symptoms were positively correlated with psychological aggression, physical aggression. The SDQ scores were positively correlated (r=0.26, 0.25, 0.18, P<0.01), and the scores of maternal psychological aggression and physical aggression were positively correlated with the SDQ scores of children (r=0.12, 0.16, P<0.01). The mediating analysis showed that after controlling for related confounding factors, psychological aggression played a partial mediating effect in the association between maternal depressive symptoms and childrens emotional and behavioral problems, and the mediating effect ratio was 8.05%. Physical aggression played a partial mediating effect in the association between maternal depression, anxiety and stress symptoms and childrens emotional and behavioral problems, which were 15.94%, 11.73% and 12.54% (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions Psychological and physical aggression play mediating roles in the association between maternal emotional symptoms and childrens emotional and behavioral problems, and actively improving maternal emotional symptoms and their childrens discipline methods can help reduce the occurrence of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children.