ObjectiveTo establish a new noninvasive， simple， and convenient clinical predictive model by identifying independent predictive factors for rebleeding after endoscopic therapy in cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding （EGVB）， and to provide a basis for individualized risk assessment and development of clinical intervention strategies. MethodsCirrhotic patients with EGVB who were diagnosed and treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University from September 2018 to October 2023 were enrolled as subjects， and according to whether the patient experienced rebleeding within 1 year after endoscopic therapy， they were divided into rebleeding group with 93 patients and non-rebleeding group with 84 patients. Clinical data were collected and analyzed. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A Logistic model was established based on the results of the univariate and multivariate analyses， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve and the area under the ROC curve （AUC） were used to assess the accuracy of the model. R software was used to visualize the model by plotting a nomogram， and the Bootstrap method was used for internal validation of the model. ResultsThe multivariate analysis showed that red blood cell count （RBC）， cholinesterase （ChE）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， albumin （Alb）， thrombin time （TT）， portal vein trunk diameter， sequential therapy， and primary prevention were independent predictive factors for rebleeding. Based on the results of the multivariate analysis， a logistic model was established as logit（P）=-0.805-1.978×（RBC）+0.001×（ChE）-0.020×（ALP）-0.314×（Alb）+0.567×（TT）+0.428×（portal vein trunk diameter）-2.303×［sequential therapy （yes=1， no=0）］-2.368×［primary prevention （yes=1， no=0）］. The logistic model （AUC=0.928， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 0.893—0.964， P<0.001） had a better performance in predicting rebleeding than MELD score （AUC=0.603， 95%CI： 0.520—0.687， P=0.003）， Child-Pugh class （AUC=0.650， 95%CI： 0.578—0.722， P=0.001）， and FIB-4 index （AUC=0.587， 95%CI： 0.503—0.671， P=0.045）. The model had an optimal cut-off value of 0.607， a sensitivity of 0.817， and a specificity of 0.817. Internal validation confirmed that the model had good predictive performance and accuracy. ConclusionSequential therapy， implementation of primary prevention， an increase in RBC， and an increase in Alb are protective factors against rebleeding， while prolonged TT and widened main portal vein diameter are risk factors. The logistic model based on these independent predictive factors can predict rebleeding and thus holds promise for clinical application.

Narrative will represents an emerging concept in the context of population aging. Guided by life value orientation and premised on respecting individuals’ wishes and needs， it presents individuals’ unique life stories through narrative form. It conveys the holistic experience， meaning interpretation， and life understanding of the experienced events. Preserved and transmitted in a manner that aligns with individuals’ expectations， it also facilitates human beings’ pursuit， reflection， and growth in life meaning through interpersonal interactions that transcend space and time. This paper comprehensively introduced the essence of narrative wills by reviewing their conceptual evolution， connotation attributes， value manifestation， implementation paths， and specific case analysis， aiming to provide a reference for their implementation.

To thoroughly implement the strategic deployment outlined in the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine regarding research on dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine and to uphold the development philosophy of equal emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine，the China Association of Chinese Medicine has fully played a leading academic role by systematically organizing and conducting a series of academic youth salons on clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine. On September 13，2024，the 36^th Youth Salon on Clinical Dominant Diseases was successfully held in Nanjing，focusing on the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and the integrative traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED）. The conference brought together leading experts from traditional Chinese medicine，western medicine，and interdisciplinary fields，facilitating in-depth multidisciplinary discussions that led to key consensus on optimizing traditional Chinese medicine treatment protocols for ED，researching and developing new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，and advancing interdisciplinary development in traditional Chinese medicine. This salon systematically sorted out the clinical strengths and distinctive features of traditional Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of ED. Based on current research foundations and clinical needs，it identified key directions for future scientific layout and scientific research tackling： （1） Standardization of syndrome differentiation system of traditional Chinese medicine for ED. （2） Optimization and standardization of intervention methods of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. （3） High-quality clinical research guided by evidence-based medicine. （4） In-depth analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ED. （5） Clinical translation and application promotion of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine. （6） Interdisciplinary integration and innovation in traditional Chinese medicine. For each research direction，key focus areas，expected objectives，and clinical value were further refined，along with the establishment of a scientifically sound priority funding level evaluation system. Therefore，building on the series of salons on the ED-focused dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine，this paper provides standardized guidance for clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine in ED management，effectively contributing to the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine. It serves as a valuable reference for national scientific and technological strategic layout， research and development decision-making in new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，research topic planning，and clinical guideline formulation.

BackgroundThe middle school stage represents a crucial period for the development of borderline personality features. Negative parenting styles and emotional regulation strategies are associated with the formation of borderline personality features. However， the moderating role of emotional regulation strategies between negative parenting styles and borderline personality features among middle school students remains unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the moderating influence of emotional regulation strategies in the relationship between negative parenting styles and borderline personality features among middle school students， and to provide references for the intervention of borderline personality features. MethodsIn October 2023， a total of 5 965 middle school students from three middle schools in Nanning， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected by cluster sampling， and assessed by the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children （BPFS-C）， the Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran （EMBU）， and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Chinese Revised Version （ERQ-CRV）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the scores of each scale， and the model 1 of the Process macro program was used to conduct the moderating effect test. ResultsA total of 5 572 middle school students （93.41%） completed this study， and 1 388 of them （24.91%） were identified as having high borderline personality features. The BPFS-C score of middle school students was positively correlated with the score of the negative parenting style dimension of EMBU （r=0.367， P<0.01）， negatively correlated with the score of the cognitive reappraisal dimension of ERQ-CRV （r=-0.168， P<0.01）， and positively correlated with the score of the expression inhibition dimension of ERQ-CRV （r=0.344， P<0.01）. Cognitive reappraisal played a negative moderating effect between negative parenting styles and borderline personality features （β=-0.072， 95% CI： -0.104–-0.041， P<0.01）， while expressive suppression played a positive moderating effect （β=0.076， 95% CI： 0.055–0.097， P<0.01）. ConclusionCognitive reappraisal strategy may help mitigate the negative influence of negative parenting styles on middle school students' borderline personality features， while expressive suppression may exacerbate the harm of negative parenting styles to the borderline personality features of middle school students.

Objective To explore a novel method for early lung cancer screening based on exhaled breath analysis. Methods This study enrolled patients with suspected pulmonary malignancies and healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Qingchun and Qiantang campuses) from September 2023 to June 2024. Enrolled subjects were categorized into a lung cancer group, a benign nodule/tumor group, and a healthy control group. Exhaled breath samples were collected using a sensor array constructed from multiple graphene composite materials to capture breath fingerprints. Based on the collected data, screening and diagnostic models for lung cancer were developed and their performance was evaluated. Results A total of 4 580 subjects were included. Among them, 3 195 were pathologically diagnosed with pulmonary malignancies, including 1 394 males and 1 801 females with a mean age of (58.93±12.37) years, 599 were diagnosed with benign nodules/tumors including 339 males and 260 females with a mean age of (57.10±11.06) years, and 786 were healthy controls with no pulmonary nodules detected on chest CT including 420 males and 366 females with a mean age of (29.75±9.32) years. There were 4 031 patients in the training set and 549 patients in the external testing set. The screening model for high-risk populations (distinguishing patients with lung cancer/high-risk pulmonary nodules from healthy individuals) demonstrated excellent performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.926. At the optimal Youden’s index (cutoff threshold of 63.5%), the external testing set achieved a specificity of 85.2%, a sensitivity of 88.4%, and an accuracy of 86.8%. The diagnostic model (distinguishing patients with lung cancer/premalignant lesions from those with benign pulmonary nodules/healthy individuals) achieved an AUC of 0.818. At its optimal Youden’s index (cutoff threshold of 47.0%), the external testing set showed a specificity of 71.7%, a sensitivity of 77.3%, and an accuracy of 74.5%. Conclusion The non-invasive breath analysis platform based on a sensor array, developed in this study, can achieve rapid and relatively accurate lung cancer screening by analyzing breath fingerprints. This confirms the feasibility of this technology for early lung cancer screening and holds promise for facilitating the early detection and intervention of lung cancer.

Objective To screen ferroptosis genes related to the prognosis of cervical cancer and to construct a prognosis model. Methods Ferroptosis genes were obtained from FerrDb database, and cervical cancer related data were obtained from The Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog database and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Transcriptome-Wide Association Study, colocalization analysis and differential expression analysis were conducted to screen out candidate ferroptosis genes; Gene Ontology functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were conducted on candidate genes. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to further screen out genes related to the prognosis of cervical cancer. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between genes and the overall survival of patients. The expression levels of genes in pan-cancer were analyzed through the TIMER database. Two prognostic models were conducted, Model 1 included age and tumor stage, while Model 2 incorporated age, tumor stage, and prognostic genes. The predictive capabilities of the two models were compared. Results A total of 91 candidate genes related to ferroptosis were obtained. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that 15 genes were associated with the prognosis of cervical cancer. CA9, SCD, TFRC, QSOX1 and CDO1 were risk factors affecting the prognosis of cervical cancer patients (P＜0.05), while PTPN6, ALOXE3, HELLS, IFNG, MIOX, ALOX12B, DUOX1, ALOX15, AQP3 and IDO1 were protective factors (P＜0.05). The mRNA expression levels of the 15 genes showed significant upregulation or downregulation in at least 7 types of cancers, among which TFRC was associated with the largest number of cancer types. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that HELLS, DUOX1 and ALOXE3 were associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer. The AUC of the model 1 for predicting 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates of cervical cancer patients was 0.455 and 0.478, and the AUC of Model 2 was 0.854 and 0.595. Model 2 (C-index = 0.727) had better predictive ability than Model 1 (C-index = 0.502). Conclusion The prognostic model composed of 15 prognostic-related genes selected based on bioinformatics has better predictive performance for the survival outcomes of cervical cancer patients, providing important reference value for the prognostic assessment of cervical cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy， safety， and cost-effectiveness of two different formulations of short-acting recombinant human growth hormone （rhGH） in the treatment of patients with short stature. METHODS Data from patients with short stature treated with short-acting rhGH at the Leshan People’s Hospital from August 2016 to June 2023 were collected. Patients were divided into powder formulation group and aqueous formulation group based on the rhGH formulation used. The changes in growth-related efficacy indicators and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions were compared between two groups after 12 months of treatment； cost-effectiveness analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to compare the cost per unit of effect achieved； subgroup analysis was performed by dividing the patients into growth hormone deficiency （GHD） subgroup and idiopathic short stature （ISS） subgroup based on clinical diagnosis. RESULTS After 12 months of treatment， the height and the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in serum in aqueous formulation group and powder formulation group were significantly increased compared to before treatment （P＜0.001）， but there was no statistically significant difference in the changes of the above indicators between the two groups（P＞0.05）. The analysis results of GHD and ISS subgroups were consistent with the overall population. In the overall population， the cost-effectiveness ratio of powder formulation group （2 582 yuan/cm） was significantly better than that of aqueous formulation group （6 729 yuan/cm）， with a statistically significant difference （P＜0.001）， and the result was consistent in the GHD and ISS subgroups as well as in the sensitivity analysis. No serious adverse drug reactions occurred in either powder formulation or aqueous formulation group， and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of various adverse reactions between two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Short-acting rhGH powder and aqueous formulations have equivalent efficacy and safety， but the powder formulation has greater economic advantages.

ObjectiveAs a second messenger in intracellular signal transduction, Ca²⁺ plays an important role in cell migration. Previous studies have demonstrated that extracellular Ca²⁺ influx can promote electric field-guided cell migration, known as electrotaxis. However, the effect of intracellular Ca²⁺ flow on electrotaxis is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the effect of Ca²⁺ flux on the electrotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum. MethodsThe electrotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum was investigated by applying a direct current (DC) electric field. Cell migration was recorded using a real-time imaging system. Calcium channel inhibitors, the extracellular Ca²⁺ chelator EGTA, Ca²⁺-free DB buffer, and caffeine were applied to investigate the impact of intra- and extracellular Ca²⁺ flow on electrotaxis. The involvement of G proteins and ERK2 in directed cell migration mediated by endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release was explored using mutants. ResultsDictyostelium discoideum migrated toward the cathode in the electric field in a voltage-dependent manner. The intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration of the cells was significantly increased in the electric field. Inhibition of both extracellular Ca²⁺ influx and intracellular Ca²⁺ release suppressed cell electrotaxis migration. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release induced by caffeine significantly impaired the electrotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum. Deletion of Gα2, Gβ, Gγ, and Erk2 notably reduced the electrotaxis of the cells. Enhancing Ca²⁺ release mediated by caffeine restored the electrotaxis of the Gα2^-, Gβ ^-, and Erk2^- mutant cells partially or completely, but did not restore electrotaxis in the Gγ^- mutant cells. ConclusionCa²⁺ release from the endoplasmic reticulum regulates electrotaxis migration in Dictyostelium discoideum and is involved in the regulation of cell electrotaxis by G proteins and ERK2.

ObjectivePhotoacoustic pump-probe imaging can effectively eliminate the interference of blood background signal in traditional photoacoustic imaging, and realize the imaging of weak phosphorescence molecules and their triplet lifetimes in deep tissues. However, background differential noise in photoacoustic pump-probe imaging often leads to large fitting results of phosphorescent molecule concentration and triplet lifetime. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel triplet lifetime fitting method for photoacoustic pump-probe imaging. By extracting the phase of the triplet differential signal and the background noise, the fitting bias caused by the background noise can be effectively corrected. MethodsThe advantages and feasibility of the proposed algorithm are verified by numerical simulation, phantom and in vivo experiments, respectively. ResultsIn the numerical simulation, under the condition of noise intensity being 10% of the signal amplitude, the new method can optimize the fitting deviation from 48.5% to about 5%, and has a higher exclusion coefficient (0.88>0.79), which greatly improves the fitting accuracy. The high specificity imaging ability of photoacoustic pump imaging for phosphorescent molecules has been demonstrated by phantom experiments. In vivo experiments have verified the feasibility of the new fitting method proposed in this paper for fitting phosphoometric lifetime to monitor oxygen partial pressure content during photodynamic therapy of tumors in nude mice. ConclusionThis work will play an important role in promoting the application of photoacoustic pump-probe imaging in biomedicine.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in patients with 10 years of hypertension. Methods A total of 350 patients with 10 years or longer course of hypertension who underwent physical examination in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from June 2021 to June 2024 were selected. General information of the patients was collected through questionnaires. Renal function related indicators and imaging results were obtained through relevant laboratory tests and imaging examinations. Based on the results of renal function related indicators, the epidemiological characteristics of chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients with 10 years of hypertension, as well as risk factors for chronic kidney disease in the hypertensive patients were identified. Results Among the 350 patients enrolled in this study, there were 71 (20.29%) with proteinuria, 32 (9.14%) with hematuria, and 40 (11.43%) with decreased renal function. A total of 80 (22.86%) cases with structural variations such as kidney stones and cysts were detected by renal B-mode ultrasound. There were 121 (34.57%) patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. There were statistically significant differences in gender, age, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia between patients with chronic kidney disease and those without (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that gender, age, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia were the risk factors for chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with 10 years of hypertension have a high risk of chronic kidney disease, and the risk factors include gender, age, diabetes, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia.