Objective:To establish a linear calibration method using two reference substances for seven characteristic peaks of Cassiae Semen under complicated chromatographic condition,and to optimize the method.Methods:Using 15 different types of screened chromatographic columns and 2 components as reference compounds pair,the linear calibration method with 2 reference substances was established to predict the retention time of the other 5 components,and the method was verified by unknown chromatographic columns and unknown samples.Combined with column confirmation number and average coincidence rate of target peaks,the location results were compared comprehen-sively,and the method was optimized according to the defect under the influence of complicated chromatographic condition.Results:The average conformity rate of the target peak of the method before optimization was 73.3％,and the average conformity rate of the target peak of the optimized method was 98.7％.The optimized method has a high-er average peak coincidence rate and a wider range of applicability for the chromatographic column.Conclusion:The optimized linear calibration method using two reference substances can assist the localization analysis of chromato-graphic peaks in the characteristic chromatogram under complicated chromatographic condition.

Objective:To establish a linear calibration method using two reference substances for seven characteristic peaks of Cassiae Semen under complicated chromatographic condition,and to optimize the method.Methods:Using 15 different types of screened chromatographic columns and 2 components as reference compounds pair,the linear calibration method with 2 reference substances was established to predict the retention time of the other 5 components,and the method was verified by unknown chromatographic columns and unknown samples.Combined with column confirmation number and average coincidence rate of target peaks,the location results were compared comprehen-sively,and the method was optimized according to the defect under the influence of complicated chromatographic condition.Results:The average conformity rate of the target peak of the method before optimization was 73.3％,and the average conformity rate of the target peak of the optimized method was 98.7％.The optimized method has a high-er average peak coincidence rate and a wider range of applicability for the chromatographic column.Conclusion:The optimized linear calibration method using two reference substances can assist the localization analysis of chromato-graphic peaks in the characteristic chromatogram under complicated chromatographic condition.

Objective:To study the allocation status of traditional Chinese medicine health resources in Shanxi Province from 2009 to 2021,conduct a vertical evaluation of the operation efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine health resources in Shanxi Province,discuss the related causes,and propose improvement method.Methods:The Gini coefficient method was used to make statistical data of traditional Chinese medicine health resources in Shanxi Province according to population allocation,Lorentz curve was drawn to analyze the equity of resource allocation,and BCC model was used to evaluate the input-output efficiency of resources.Results:The allocation of TCM health resources per population in Shanxi Province was the shortest in 2014,showing a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.The data output of operation efficiency showed that the allocation of TCM health resources in Shanxi Province was DEA effective in 2013,2015,2017-2019 and 2021,weak in 2009-2012 and 2014,and non-DEA effective in 2016 and 2020.Conclusion:The health resources of traditional Chinese medicine invested in Shanxi are not reasonably matched,the utilization of resources is not sufficient,the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of operation need to be improved.The redundancy of health resources and the"increasing return to scale"phenomenon coexist.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused havoc across the entire world. Even though several COVID-19 vaccines are currently in distribution worldwide, with others in the pipeline, treatment modalities lag behind. Accordingly, researchers have been working hard to understand the nature of the virus, its mutant strains, and the pathogenesis of the disease in order to uncover possible drug targets and effective therapeutic agents. As the research continues, we now know the genome structure, epidemiological and clinical features, and pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we summarized the potential therapeutic targets involved in the life cycle of the virus. On the basis of these targets, small-molecule prophylactic and therapeutic agents have been or are being developed for prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

OBJECTIVE: To reconstruct a three-dimensional model of female urinary system based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tomography angiography (CTA) data. METHODS: MRI and CTA datasets were collected from 20 patients in our department in 2018 for reconstructing 3D models of the bladder urethra in resting state using Mimics19.0 software combined with engineering software. The metric parameters of the bladder urethra were analyzed in the reconstructed 3D model. RESULTS: The bladder and urethra were successfully reconstructed using 10 MRI datasets, and the kidney, ureter and bladder were reconstructed using 10 CTA datasets. Using engineering software, we measured a number of cysto-urethral geometric parameters, including the cysto-urethral posterior angle (151.1±17.9°), beta angle (137.3±14.0°), urethral pubic angle (47.8± 12.1°), urethral tilt angle (21.5±7.3°), alpha angle (83.8±13.8°), the posterior pubic space (15.3±3.0 mm), and the urethral striated muscle thickness (2.6±0.6 mm). CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomical model of the human urinary system provides a platform for studying the fine anatomy of the female urinary system and allows measurement of multiple parameters to better understand the functional differences of the bladder and urethra in different populations.
Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Models, Anatomic ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urethra ; diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Bladder ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVE: To reconstruct a three-dimensional model of female urinary system based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tomography angiography (CTA) data. METHODS: MRI and CTA datasets were collected from 20 patients in our department in 2018 for reconstructing 3D models of the bladder urethra in resting state using Mimics19.0 software combined with engineering software. The metric parameters of the bladder urethra were analyzed in the reconstructed 3D model. RESULTS: The bladder and urethra were successfully reconstructed using 10 MRI datasets, and the kidney, ureter and bladder were reconstructed using 10 CTA datasets. Using engineering software, we measured a number of cysto-urethral geometric parameters, including the cysto-urethral posterior angle (151.1±17.9°), beta angle (137.3±14.0°), urethral pubic angle (47.8± 12.1°), urethral tilt angle (21.5±7.3°), alpha angle (83.8±13.8°), the posterior pubic space (15.3±3.0 mm), and the urethral striated muscle thickness (2.6±0.6 mm). CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomical model of the human urinary system provides a platform for studying the fine anatomy of the female urinary system and allows measurement of multiple parameters to better understand the functional differences of the bladder and urethra in different populations.
Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Models, Anatomic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder

Objective: To understand the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among college freshmen in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2013 to 2015, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools. Methods: The latent tuberculosis infection was identified through a tuberculin purified-protein derivative (TB-PPD) skin test. TB-PPD test results of 65 233 college students in the Chaoyang District during 2013 to 2015 were collected and stored, by using descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Among the 65 233 freshmen, 63 135 were effective PPD test results, 11 754 were PPD positive, 2 720 were PPD strong positive, the LTBI status: the PPD positive rate was 18.62% and the PPD strong positive rate was 4.31%. The positive rate and the strong positive rate in male (19.56%, 4.76%) were higher than that in female(17.87%, 3.95%)(χ2=29.37, 24.29), in ethnic minorities were higher than that in Han Nationality (18.25%,4.16%) and in Tibetans (29.45%, 8.69%) were the highest(χ2=102.01, 70.04), among freshmen from the western region (21.88%, 5.11%)were the highest and from Beijing city (16.25%, 3.46%) were lower (χ2=220.63, 99.03, P<0.01), among those with BCG scar (18.94%, 4.34%) are slightly higher than those without BCG scar(16.96%, 4.08%) (χ2=48.46, 10.43, P<0.01). 19 cases of tuberculosis patients were found, the prevalence rate was 29.13/100 000 (19/65 233), of which 68.42% (13/19) were found through the strong positive for PPD. Among the strong positive students (2 707), there were 1 433(52.94%) who received preventive therapy, and during the follow-up two years, 7 were newly diagnosed with tuberculosis, the annual incidence rate was 129.29/100 000 (7/2 707). Conclusion Freshmen from high-risk areas of tuberculosis are the focus of tuberculosis screening, for which we should continue to carry out PPD screening. Those with latent tuberculosis infection are high-risk groups of tuberculosis, and should be paid more attention in the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools.

Objective To verify the validity of standard air cushion inflation method, and to explore the relationship between patients' body mass index (BMI) and the optimal air cushion inflation pressure. Methods A total of 90 orthopedic patients who were treated in Liangxiang Hospital of Fangshan District in Beijing from June 2017 to March 2018 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 45 cases in each group. The control group used air cushion bed routinely according to the experience of nurses, while the observation group used standard air cushion bed inflation method according to previous research. Comparing the skin pressure and the feeling of using the mattress softness and hardness between the two groups, and analyzing the relationship between the pressure value of the mattress and the BMI of the patients in the observation group, the regression equation was obtained.Results The local skin redness rate of the observation group was 4.4％, 2.2％ and 4.4％ after 2, 48 and 72 hours of using air cushion mattress, which was lower than that of the control group 22.2％, 31.1％ and 33.3％. The result was statistically significant (P<0.01). Within 72 hours, the satisfaction degree of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The BMI of the patients in the observation group was linearly correlated with the optimal air cushion pressure (R2=0.962). The air cushion pressure (kpa)=3.835+BMI×0.379. Conclusions Reasonable adjustment of the pressure of the air cushion bed can improve the effect of using air cushion bed. The method of adjusting the pressure of the air cushion bed based on patient BMI is convenient for nurses to master and operate.

Objective:To compare the wear resistance between dentin and dental restoration material in vitro.Methods:The friction and wear behaviors of natural tooth dentin respectively against highly polished polymer ceramic,glass ceramic and zirconia were investigated in an artificial saliva test environment by UMT-2 friction and wear testing machine.Worn surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),roughness was measured by roughness instrument,the rigidity value was weighed by electronic balance.Results:The roughness of the 3 materials was similar to that of dentin(P ＞ 0.05),the rigidity of dentin was less than that of the 3 materials (P ＜ 0.05).After friction and wear test,the abrasion quantity of dentin respectively against the 3 materials was less than that of the materials (P ＜ 0.05).There was positive correlation between the wear loss and the hardness of the 3 materials and dentin(r =0.846).The mass loss of the dentin against Poly Ceramic after grinding abrasion was the closest among the 3 materials.Conclusion:Different materials have varying degrees abrasion against dentine.The Polymer Ceramic has closer abrasion performancez with dentin than the other 2 materials.

Objective:To study the biological safety and biocompatibility of the mixture of Paris polyphylla-chitosan.Methods:According to the GB/T 16886.12-2005 standard,YY/T 0279-1995 standard and GBT16886.5-2003 standard,samples were prepared and tested by oral mucous membrane irritation test,cytotoxicity test and flow cytometry.Results:No local response to the mixture of Paris polyphylla-chitosan was found,and the visual observation and pathological findings of oral mucosa were normal and similar to that of the control group.Therefore,the mixture of Paris polyphylla-chitosan had no irritation response to oral mucosa.The mixture of Paris polyphylla-chitosan showed no cytotoxicity to L929 cells,and did not affect the cycle distribution and apoptosis of L929 cells.Conclusion:The mixture of Paris polyphylla-chitosan has good bio-safety and biocompatibility.