1.Effective implementation of hour-1 bundle for sepsis patients in emergency department based on crisis resource management.
Chengli WU ; Jiaqiong SU ; Libo ZHAO ; Qin XIA ; Lan XIA ; Wanyu MA ; Ruixia WANG
Chinese Critical Care Medicine 2025;37(1):23-28
OBJECTIVE:
To explore the implementation effect of hour-1 bundle for sepsis patients based on crisis resource management (CRM) system.
METHODS:
A historical control study was conducted. The hour-1 bundle for sepsis based on CRM was used to train 24 nurses in the emergency department from October 2022 to March 2023. Clinical data of sepsis patients admitted to the emergency department of the First People's Hospital of Zunyi from April 2022 to September 2023 were collected. The patients were divided into three groups based on different stages of CRM system construction: control group (before construction, from April to September in 2022), improvement group (during construction, from October 2022 to March 2023) and observation group (after construction, from April to September in 2023). The baseline data, implementation rate of hour-1 bundle [including blood culture, antibiotic usage, blood lactic acid (Lac) detection, fluid resuscitation, hypertensors usage], identification and diagnosis time, and prognosis parameters [including correction rate of hypoxemia, intensive care unit (ICU) occupancy rate, and 28-day survival rate]. Sepsis cognition survey and non-technical skill (NTS) evaluation of nurses in emergency department were conducted before and after training.
RESULTS:
Finally 43 cases were enrolled in the control group, improvement group and observation group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in baseline data including the gender, age, primary site, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, mechanical ventilation ratio among the three groups with comparability. With the gradual improvement of the CRM system, the implementation rate of 1-hour bundle was gradually increased, and the implementation rate in the control group, improvement group and observation group were 65.12% (28/43), 74.42% (32/43) and 88.37% (38/43), respectively, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). It was mainly reflected in the completion rate of blood culture, antibiotic usage rate, Lac detection rate and hypertensors usage rate within 1 hour, which were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group [completion rate of blood culture: 90.70% (39/43) vs. 62.79% (27/43), antibiotic usage rate: 88.37% (38/43) vs. 60.47% (26/43), Lac detection rate: 93.02% (40/43) vs. 72.09% (31/43), hypertensors usage rate: 88.37% (38/43) vs. 60.47% (26/43), all P < 0.05]. The fluid resuscitation rates within 1 hour in the three groups were all over 90%, with no statistically significant difference among the three groups. The recognition and diagnosis time in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group and the improvement group (hours: 0.41±0.15 vs. 0.61±0.21, 0.51±0.18, both P < 0.05), the correction rate of hypoxemia and 28-day survival rate were significantly higher than those in the control group [correction rate of hypoxemia: 95.35% (41/43) vs. 74.42% (32/43), 28-day survival rate: 83.72% (36/43) vs. 60.47% (26/43), both P < 0.05], and ICU occupancy rate was significantly lower than that in the control group [72.09% (31/43) vs. 93.02% (40/43), P < 0.05]. After training in the CRM system, the score of the sepsis awareness survey questionnaire for emergency department nurses was significantly increased as compared with before training (60.42±5.29 vs. 44.17±9.21, P < 0.01), and NTS also showed significant improvement.
CONCLUSION
CRM plays a significant role in promoting the implementation of sepsis hour-1 bundle, which can improve the implementation rate of hour-1 bundle and NTS of medical staff, effectively improve patients' hypoxemia, reduce patients' ICU occupancy rate and 28-day risk of death.
Humans
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Sepsis/therapy*
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Emergency Service, Hospital
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Patient Care Bundles
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Intensive Care Units
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Female
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Male
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Middle Aged
2.Clinical efficacy analysis of interventional treatment of iatrogenic massive vaginal bleeding
Shengdong QIN ; Chaodi LI ; Yuhong HOU ; Yanping ZHAO ; Su YAN ; Ruixia GUO ; Xinwei HAN ; Jianhao ZHANG
Journal of Practical Radiology 2024;40(1):103-106
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and value of interventional treatment of iatrogenic massive vaginal bleed-ing.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 35 patients with postoperative vaginal massive hemorrhage in obstetrics and gynecology who were admitted.Abdominal aorta and bilateral internal iliac arteries angiography and embolization of abnormal vessels were performed under digital subtraction angiography(DS A),and relevant clinical data were recorded and analyzed.Results After interventional treatment,the vaginal bleeding of 33 patients basically stopped within 3 days,and the average interventional operation time was(57.5±17.2)min.The hemoglobin value,hematocrit and blood pressure decreased and the heart rate increased significantly before and after interventional embolization in obstetrics and gynecology,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There were no sig-nificant changes in hemoglobin value and hematocrit between the completion of interventional embolization and 72 hours after interventional embolization(P>0.05).The increase of blood pressure and the decrease of heart rate were statistically significant(P<0.05).Two patients with cesarean section had poor hemostatic effect after interventional embolization,and the bleeding stopped after exploratory laparotomy and hysterectomy.Conclusion Interventional treatment has the advantages of small trauma,simple operation,signifi-cant curative effect,few adverse reactions,and rapid recovery.It plays an important role and clinical value in the diagnosis and treat-ment of iatrogenic vaginal bleeding.
3.Predictive value of lactate/albumin ratio,interleukin-6 and CD4+T lymphocyte count in the short-term prognosis of severe pneumonia and sepsis
Zhiyu MIAO ; Lei ZHANG ; Xiaoyan LI ; Ruixia ZHANG ; Mengjiao ZHAO ; Yanqiu GAO
Journal of Xinxiang Medical College 2024;41(3):232-239
Objective To investigate the predictive value of lactate/albumin ratio(LAR),interleukin-6(IL-6)and CD4+T lymphocyte count in 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis.Methods A total of 73 patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis admitted to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit(RICU)of Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to June 2023 were enrolled and divided into the survival group(n=43)and the death group(n=30)according to their 28-day outcomes.The clinical data of the patients were collected from their electronic medical records,including age,gender,comorbidities with hypertension,diabetes,and coronary artery heart disease(CHD),as well as sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score,mean arterial pressure(MAP),confusion,uremia,respiratory rate,blood pressure,age ≥65 years(CURB-65)score,total bilirubin(Tbil),serum creatinine(Scr),platelet count(PLT),white blood cell(WBC)count,procalcitonin(PCT),and C-reactive protein(CRP)at admission to RICU.On the 1st,3rd,and 7th day after admission to RICU,the patients'arterial blood was drawn,and the lactate level was detected by a fully automated blood gas analyzer.The peripheral venous blood was drawn,and the serum albumin and IL-6 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the CD4+T lymphocyte subset count was measured by flow cytometry.The LAR of patients on the 1st,3rd and 7th day was calculated.The clinical data of the patients and the LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 1st,3rd,and 7th day were compared between the two groups.The influencing factors of 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis were analyzed by logistic regression,and the predictive value of each influencing factor on the 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results There was no significant difference in gender,age,proportions of comorbidities with hypertension,diabetes and CHD,length of stay in RICU,and Tbil,MAP,PLT,Scr,WBC,PCT and CRP at admission to RICU(P>0.05).The APACHE Ⅱ and CURB-65 scores of the patients in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group(P<0.05).On the 1st,3rd and 7th day,the CD4+T lymphocyte count in the death group was significantly lower than that in the survival group,while the SOFA score was significantly higher than that in the survival group(P<0.05).On the first day,there was no significant difference in the LAR and IL-6 level be-tween the death group and the survival group(P>0.05).However,on the 3rd and 7th day,the LAR and IL-6 level in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group(P<0.05).The LAR,IL-6 level and SOFA score on the 3rd and 7th day in the survival group were significantly lower than those on the 1st day,and these indicators on the 7th day were sig-nificantly lower than those on the 3rd day(P<0.05);the CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 3rd and 7th day was significantly higher than that on the 1st day(P<0.05),while it showed no significant difference on the 7th and 3r day(P>0.05).The IL-6 level on the 7th day in the death group was significantly lower than that on the 1st and 3rd day(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in IL-6 level on the 1st day compared with the 3r day(P>0.05);moreover,there was no significant difference in LAR,CD4+T lymphocyte count and SOFA score between each time point(P>0.05).Pearson correlation analy-sis showed that on the 3rd day,the LAR and IL-6 level were significantly positively correlated with the SOFA score in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis(r=0.385,0.394;P<0.05).On the 7th day,the LAR and IL-6 level were also significantly positively correlated with the SOFA score(r=0.418,0.402;P<0.05).On the 3 rd and 7 th day,CD4+T lymphocyte count was significantly negatively correlated with the SOFA score(r=-0.451,-0.454;P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the APACHE Ⅱ score,LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 3rd day,and the IL-6 level and CD4+T lym-phocyte count on the 7th day were the influencing factors for 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis(P<0.05).The ROC curve showed that the APACHE Ⅱ score,LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 3rd day and the combination of the three,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 7th day and the combination of the two had certain predictive value for the 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis(P<0.05).The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 3rd day combined to predict 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis was 0.891,and the AUC of APACHE Ⅱ score for predicting 28-day mortality in pa-tients with severe pneumonia and sepsis was 0.769.The AUC values of LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 3rd day for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis were 0.795,0.757 and 0.770,respective-ly,and the AUC values of IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count on the 7th day and their combination for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis were 0.743,0.802 and 0.888,respectively.Conclusion The 3-day LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count,and the 7-day IL-6 level and CD4+T lymphocyte count after admission are re-lated to the 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis.The combined LAR,IL-6 level and CD4+T lympho-cyte count on the 3rd day can better assess the severity and prognosis of patients.
4.Multi-criteria decision analysis of four first-line combination immunotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Rongrong ZHANG ; Yu FU ; Ruixia ZHAO ; Yuxuan FANG ; Jingwen WANG ; Mingyi SHAO
China Pharmacy 2024;35(15):1876-1881
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comprehensive value of four first-line combination immunotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, and provide a reference for determining the optimal clinical treatment decision for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS R4.2 software was used for network meta-analysis to obtain the effect values of the efficacy and safety indicators of four combination therapies [atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab (AB), sintilimab combined with bevacizumab biosimilars (SB), camrelizumab combined with apatinib (CA), durvalumab combined with tremelimumab (DT)]. Combined with the efficacy, safety and economic indicators, the categorical based evaluation technique (M-MACBETH) was used to establish the value tree. At the same time, the comprehensive value scores of four therapies were calculated, and sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness. RESULTS In terms of prolonging median overall survival, the advantage order of the four therapies was ranked as SB, CA, AB and DT. In terms of extending median progression-free survival, the advantage order of the four therapies was CA, SB, AB and DT. In terms of safety, the order of advantages was DT, AB, SB and CA. In terms of economy, the order of advantages was CA, SB, AB and DT. The comprehensive scores of SB, CA, AB and DT were 67.11, 57.77, 52.53 and 42.59 points, respectively. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the ranking results of comprehensive value for four regimens were robust. CONCLUSIONS Among the four first-line immune combination therapies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, SB is the optimal treatment regimen, followed by CA, AB and DT.
5.Research Ideas on Human Experience in Medical Cases of Classic Formulas Based on Evidence-Based Concept
Hongyan CUI ; Mingyi SHAO ; Ruixia ZHAO ; Rongrong ZHANG ; Lanqing LYU ; Yuxuan FANG
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024;65(22):2310-2315
The amount of data generated by the human experience in medical cases of classic formulas is large and the research value is high, but how to extract valuable information from these massive data is an important problem of researches on classical formulas. It is concluded that there are many problems in the current study of human experience in classical formulas, such as large amount of data, uneven quality, weak extrapolation and clinical application, which seriously affected the evidence strength of human experience in classical formulas and the contribution to experience accumulation and theoretical support. Therefore, from the structural perspective of the research questions, this paper proposed the research ideas of human experience in medical cases of classic formulas: firstly, according to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cases, based on the PICO model, which refers parti-cipants (P), intervention (I), comparisons (C), and outcomes (O), a TCM medical record evaluation tool in line with the evidence-based concept was constructed to evaluate the quality of medical cases; secondly, constructing a standardized database of human experience in classical formulas and using data mining algorithms to explore the deep relationship hidden in human experience; finally, the clinical value evaluation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the diagnosis and treatment rules of classical formulas to achieve clinical transformation.
6.Prognostic Model of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Middle-aged and Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Stable Angina Pectoris
Zhongrui WANG ; Rong ZHU ; Qian ZHEN ; Ruixia ZHAO ; Shuxun YAN ; Mingyi SHAO ; Haibin YU ; Yu FU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(14):138-144
ObjectiveThis study aims to explore risk factors for the development of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with stable angina pectoris (T2DM-SAP) based on real-world clinical data in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), so as to develop a COX proportional risk prediction model and visualize the predicted results using a nomogram. MethodBased on the clinical scientific research information sharing system, the medical records of 586 T2DM-SAP patients (45-94 years old) were collected from January 2012 to December 2019, including age, gender, course of disease, major medical history, laboratory examination, tongue image, pulse image, TCM syndrome, and major treatment drugs. MACCE outcome indicators of patients were obtained by telephone follow-up and re-hospitalization records. The data was divided into a training set and a validation set according to 7∶3. In the training set, COX univariate analysis was used to determine the risk factors for MACCE in T2DM-SAP patients, and then variables were screened by forward-backward stepwise regression method, so as to establish a MACCE risk prediction model and construct a nomogram. The predictive efficacy of the model was reflected by the C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration map, and clinical decision curve. ResultThe history of cerebrovascular disease [Hazard ratio (HR)=1.983, 95% confidence interval (CI,1.314-2.993)], low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C/mmol·L-1)≥4.1[HR=2.683, 95%CI(1.461-4.925)], dull red tongue [HR=1.955, 95%CI(1.273-3.002)], dull purple tongue [HR=4.214, 95%CI(2.017-8.803)], white thick coating [HR=3.030, 95%CI(1.634-9.293)], thin and weak pulse [HR=2.233, 95%CI(1.283-3.888)], and syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collaterals [HR=2.007, 95%CI(1.179-3.418)] were found to be risk factors in middle-aged and elderly T2DM-SAP patients. Insulin [HR=0.604, 95%CI(0.399-0.914)], glycosidase inhibitor [HR=0.627, 95%CI(0.409-0.962)], and TCM treatment [HR=0.328, 95%CI(0.214-0.503)] were protective factors in middle-aged and elderly T2DM-SAP patients. The prediction model was constructed based on the above risk factors. The C-index of the model was 0.818 (95% CI 0.777 -0.859) in the training set and 0.814 (95% CI 0.773-0.855) in the validation set, and the change of C-index over time was plotted. The AUC of patients for 5, 10, 15 years in the training set was 0.71, 0.67, and 0.61. The AUC of patients for 5, 10, and 15 years in the validation set was 0.60, 0.68, and 0.63, respectively. The calibration map and clinical decision curves of 5, 10, 15 years were drawn in the training set and the validation set, respectively. The model was well calibrated and clinically effective. ConclusionThe history of cerebrovascular disease, LDL, dull red tongue, dull purple tongue, white thick coating, thin and weak pulse, and syndrome of wind-phlegm blocking collaterals are risk factors for MACCE in middle-aged and elderly T2DM-SAP patients, and insulin, glycosidase inhibitors, TCM treatment are protective factors for MACCE in middle-aged and elderly T2DM-SAP patients. A clinical prediction model is established accordingly. This model has good discrimination, calibration degree, and clinical effectiveness and provides a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of MACCE in middle-aged and elderly T2DM-SAP patients.
7.Effects and mechanism analysis of recovery experience, distress disclosure and self-efficacy on negative emotion in operating room nurses
Huaiyan LIU ; Jianping GAO ; Ruixia ZHAO ; Rui ZHANG ; Zhiping DIAO
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing 2024;40(15):1166-1173
Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of recovery experience, distress disclosure and self-efficacy on negative emotion in operating room nurses.Methods:The 270 operating room nurses from 4 general hospitals were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method in May 2023, and cross-sectional investigation was carried out with general data questionnaire, Recovery Experience Scale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, Distress Disclosure Index Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Model 6 of Hayes′ SPSS-Process program was used to test the mediation effect.Results:Among 270 nurses in the operating room, there were 48 males and 222 females, aged (32.07 ± 5.27) years old. The scores of recovery experience, negative emotion, distress disclosure and self-efficacy of operating room nurses were (42.36 ± 9.67), (25.37 ± 11.25), (38.13 ± 9.41) and (24.37 ± 4.57) points, respectively. The scores of recovery experience of operating rooms nurses with different ages, professional titles, working years in operating rooms and positions were statistically different ( F values were 3.04 to 10.44, all P<0.05). Recovery experience had a direct negative predictive effect on negative emotion ( β=-0.268, P<0.01), and the direct effect was 46.69%. Distress disclosure and self-efficacy had partial mediating effects between recovery experience and negative emotion, independent mediating effects were 16.38%, 30.31%, and chain mediating effects were 6.62%, respectively. Mastering experience and controlling experience were the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -3.71 to-2.11, all P<0.05). Relaxation experience and psychological detachment were the influencing factors of stress, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-2.52, -2.30, both P<0.05). Distress disclosure and self-efficacy were the factors influencing the three dimensions of negative emotion, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -3.34 to -2.13, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The recovery experience of operating room nurses is a positive psychological factor affecting negative emotion, and distress disclosure and self-efficacy are important psychological mechanisms between them. Managers should pay attention to nurses' negative emotion and the mediating effect of nurses′ distress disclosure and self-efficacy, and take more active measures to reduce the level of negative emotion.
8.Genetic study of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from the Himalayan marmot natural focus area and domestic rat plague focus area in southern China
LI Sheng ; JIN Juan ; HE Jian ; XIN Youquan ; BAI Jixiang ; ZHANG Qi ; ZHAO Haihong ; ZHANG Xiaolu ; YANG Xiaoyan ; DAI Ruixia
China Tropical Medicine 2023;23(9):916-
Abstract: Objective To understand the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from Himalayan marmot natural focus area and domestic rat plague focus area in southern China, and provide reference for mastering the pathogenic characteristics of Yersinia pestis of two plague foci. Methods A total of 412 of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from Himalayan marmot plague focus and domestic rat plague focus of southern China were subjected to to sorbitol fermentation assays, virulence factor, different region (DFR) typing, and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) typing. Results The biochemical types of Y. pestis from the two plague foci showed distinct regional distribution features. Five biochemical phenotypes were identified in Yersinia pestis isolated from Himalayan marmot natural focus area, while only one biochemical phenotype was identified in strains isolated from the domestic rat plague focus of Southern China. Most of the Yersinia pestis isolated from the two plague foci were capable of producing the virulence factors of Fl and PstI. Among the strains from Himalayan marmot focus, 70.53% (201/285) were VW-positive, 75.09% (214/285) were Pgm-positive, 20.00% (57/285) of the strains were Pgm-negative, and 5.26% (15/285) were Pgm mixed-type strains. Among strains from domestic rat plague focus of southern China, 37.80% (48/127) were VW-positive, 29.13% (37/127) were Pgm-positive, 58.27% (74/127) were Pgm-negative, and 12.60% (16/127) were Pgm mixed-type strains. DFR typing revealed 22 genotypes of Y. pestis from the Himalayan marmot plague focus, with the main genotypes being type 5, 7, 8, 10, 19, 32 and 49. All strains from domestic rat plague focus area in southern China belonged to type 9. CRISPR typing revealed that all strains from the Himalayan marmot natural focus were classified into 7 CRISPR gene clusters and 14 CRISPR genotypes, with the main genotypes being G7, G22, G26-a1'and G22-A1'. All strains from domestic rat plague focus area in southern China belonged to CRISPR genotype G30, with the gene cluster being Ca8. Conclusions The phenotypes and genotypes of the Yersinia pestis of Himalayan marmot plague focus are diverse, with an obvious characteristics of geographical distribution. The phenotype and genotype of the Yersinia pestis of domestic rat plague focus of Southern China are single. DFR and CRISPR genotyping methods with phenotypic characteristics can effectively identify the Yersinia pestis isolated from the two plague foci, thereby meeting the needs of identification and traceability research.
9.Expressions of peripheral blood lymphocytes in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix and early cervical cancer and their significances
Jia ZHANG ; Liqin LINGHU ; Ruixia ZHAO ; Lijun WEI ; Yongfeng GUO ; Jie WANG ; Na LU ; Haixia JIA
Cancer Research and Clinic 2023;35(7):505-509
Objective:To investigate the expression levels of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) of the cervix and early cervical cancer, and to analyze their correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 65 patients with HSIL and 78 patients with early cervical cancer (2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage ≤ stage Ⅱ A) treated in Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital from October 2020 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and 31 healthy people undergoing physical examination during the same period were treated as the healthy control group. The expressions of CD3 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, NK cells, NK/T cells and other immune cells in fasting peripheral blood of the patients were detected by using flow cytometry. Results:The expression levels of CD3 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, CD4 +/CD8 + and NK cells were 71±8, 39±7, 1.5±0.5, 16±7, respectively in HSIL group, and 73±9, 41±9, 1.5±0.6, 16±9, respectively in early cervical cancer group, which were lower than those in the healthy control group (76±9, 45±10, 2.0±1.3, 20±7) (all P < 0.05). The expression levels of CD8 + T cells was 28±7, 29±8, respectively in HSIL group and early cervical cancer group, which were higher than those in the healthy control group (24±7) (all P < 0.05). The expression level of total B cells in early cervical cancer group was lower than that in healthy control group (10±4 vs.12±3, P < 0.05). The expression level of CD3 + T cells in peripheral blood of early cervical cancer patients with tumor diameter >4 cm and nerve/vascular invasion was 71±10 and 72±8, which was lower than that of patients with tumor diameter 2-4 cm, ≤2 cm and without nerve/vascular invasion (72±8, 75±8, 78±7); the expression level of CD8 + T cell was 32±8 and 35±4, which was higher than that of patients with tumor diameter 2-4 cm, ≤2 cm, and without nerve/vascular invasion (28±8, 28±7, 29±8) (all P < 0.05). The levels of CD3 + T cells and total B cells were negatively correlated with the tumor diameter (all P < 0.05), while the level of CD8 + T cells was positively correlated with tumor diameter ( P < 0.05); the levels of CD3 + T cells and NK cells were negatively correlated with nerve/vascular invasion (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The immune function of the body starts to change in the early progression of cervical cancer, and is related to the tumor diameter and nerve/vascular invasion of cervical cancer.
10.Microsatellite instability and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with endometrial carcinoma
Zhuailin DUAN ; Yan WU ; Ruixia ZHAO ; Yongfeng GUO ; Yao ZHANG ; Jing SUN ; Haixia JIA
Cancer Research and Clinic 2023;35(7):521-525
Objective:To explore the status of microsatellite instability (MSI) and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with endometrial carcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 365 patients with endometrial carcinoma who received surgery in Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital between January 2020 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of 4 DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MHS6, and PMS2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and p53 mutant protein in postoperative cancer tissue samples from 365 patients with endometrial carcinoma. All patients were divided into MSI group (1 or more non-expression of MMR protein) and microsatellite stability (MSS) group (4 proteins were all expressed), and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients in both groups were compared. φ efficient was used to analyze the correlation of MSI with ER, PR, p53 mutant protein expressions. Results:There were 72 cases (19.7%) in MSI group and 293 cases (80.3%) in MSS group; and the age of all patients was (53±19) years (21-83 years). There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of MSI patients in endometrial carcinoma patients with different age [>50 years vs. ≤50 years: 22.1% (61/276) vs. 12.4% (11/89)], tumor diameter [≤2 cm vs. > 2 cm: 25.9% (30/116) vs. 16.8% (42/249)], International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging [stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ vs. stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ: 31.1% (14/45) vs. 18.1% (58/320)], histological type [type Ⅰ vs. type Ⅱ: 21.7% (71/327) vs. 2.6% (1/38)] (all P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of MSI patients with different depth of invasion, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, vascular involvement, and lesion location (all P > 0.05). Among 327 cases of type Ⅰendometrial carcinoma, 1 case was mucinous adenocarcinoma (MSS status), and the other 326 cases were endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Of the 72 patients with MSI, 71 cases were endometrioid carcinoma and the other was 1 of 3 mixed carcinomas in type Ⅱ endometrial carcinoma. There was a negative correlation between MSI and mutant p53 ( φ coefficient was -0.11, P = 0.031), and φ coefficient of the correlation of MSI with ER and PR was -0.03 and -0.06, while there were no statistically significant differences ( P value was 0.578 and 0.255, respectively). Conclusions:Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the main type of endometrial cancer patients with MSI. MSI in endometrial cancer is correlated with age, FIGO staging, tumor diameter and histological type of patients, while negatively correlated with mutant p53.

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