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Objective:To investigate the protective effect of PSD95 on neurobehavioral abnormalities and synaptic damage in cortex induced by hypoxia exposure in mice.Methods:The 3-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were injected with neuron-specific adeno-associated virus through stereotaxic brain after 7 days of normal environment adaptation.The mice were divided into normoxia group(AAV-NC-Nor),control hypoxia group(AAV-NC-Hyp),normal oxygen group with over-expression of postsynaptic density-95(PSD95)(AAV-PSD95-Nor),and hypoxia group with over-expression of PSD95(AAV-PSD95-Hyp).Using a hypobaric hypoxia chamber,PSD95-overexpressing mice were continuously ex-posed to hypoxic conditions for 14 days to establish a hypoxia exposure model.The open field,elevated cross maze and conditioned fear tests were used to detect the neurobehavioral activities of mice,and Golgi staining was used to observe the density of neuronal dendritic spines in cortex.The expression of PSD95,SYN1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2A(NMDAR2A)were detected by Western blot.Result:Compared with the normal oxygen group,the total distance and average speed of exercise in the open field experiment of mice in hypoxia group increased(P＜0.01),the rigidity time of mice in the conditioned fear box decreased(P＜0.01),and the density of dendritic spines in cortical region decreased(P＜0.05).The expressions of PSD95,SYN1 and NMDAR2A were decreased(P＜0.05).After the over-expression of PSD95,the autonomic activity of mice was reduced,the fear memory was relieved(P＜0.05),the dendrite density was reversed(P＜0.05),and the expression of synaptic related protein was increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Over-expression of PSD95 can alleviate neurobehavioral abnormalities and decline of fear memory induced under hypoxia exposure,protect neuronal dendritic spine injury in cortical region,and up-regulate the expression of syn-aptic protein.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of PSD95 on neurobehavioral abnormalities and synaptic damage in cortex induced by hypoxia exposure in mice.Methods:The 3-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were injected with neuron-specific adeno-associated virus through stereotaxic brain after 7 days of normal environment adaptation.The mice were divided into normoxia group(AAV-NC-Nor),control hypoxia group(AAV-NC-Hyp),normal oxygen group with over-expression of postsynaptic density-95(PSD95)(AAV-PSD95-Nor),and hypoxia group with over-expression of PSD95(AAV-PSD95-Hyp).Using a hypobaric hypoxia chamber,PSD95-overexpressing mice were continuously ex-posed to hypoxic conditions for 14 days to establish a hypoxia exposure model.The open field,elevated cross maze and conditioned fear tests were used to detect the neurobehavioral activities of mice,and Golgi staining was used to observe the density of neuronal dendritic spines in cortex.The expression of PSD95,SYN1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2A(NMDAR2A)were detected by Western blot.Result:Compared with the normal oxygen group,the total distance and average speed of exercise in the open field experiment of mice in hypoxia group increased(P＜0.01),the rigidity time of mice in the conditioned fear box decreased(P＜0.01),and the density of dendritic spines in cortical region decreased(P＜0.05).The expressions of PSD95,SYN1 and NMDAR2A were decreased(P＜0.05).After the over-expression of PSD95,the autonomic activity of mice was reduced,the fear memory was relieved(P＜0.05),the dendrite density was reversed(P＜0.05),and the expression of synaptic related protein was increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Over-expression of PSD95 can alleviate neurobehavioral abnormalities and decline of fear memory induced under hypoxia exposure,protect neuronal dendritic spine injury in cortical region,and up-regulate the expression of syn-aptic protein.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the potential categories of parenting sense of competence and to analyze the influence of rumination and dyadic coping on the potential categories of parenting sense of competence. Methods: A total of 199 postpartum women who met the criteria were surveyed from a tertiary grade-A hospital in Shanxi (China) from May 2023 to August 2023. The instruments included the general demographic characteristics, Chinese version of parenting sense of competence scale, Chinese event related rumination inventory, and Chinese version of dyadic coping inventory. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify the parenting sense of competence in postpartum women, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors. Results: The characteristics of parenting sense of competence in postpartum women can be divided into two potential categories, namely, easy-to-satisfy group (39.3%) and strict-demand group (60.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that years of marriage, place of residence, deliberate rumination, and dyadic coping were the influencing factors of the potential categories of parenting sense of competence in postpartum women (p < .05). Conclusions Through Latent profile analysis (LPA) analysis, it was found that postpartum women's parenting sense of competence exhibits different characteristics. Clinical workers should identify the characteristics and influencing factors of different categories of women and adopt targeted intervention strategies to promote the level of parenting sense of competence.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the potential categories of parenting sense of competence and to analyze the influence of rumination and dyadic coping on the potential categories of parenting sense of competence. Methods: A total of 199 postpartum women who met the criteria were surveyed from a tertiary grade-A hospital in Shanxi (China) from May 2023 to August 2023. The instruments included the general demographic characteristics, Chinese version of parenting sense of competence scale, Chinese event related rumination inventory, and Chinese version of dyadic coping inventory. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify the parenting sense of competence in postpartum women, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors. Results: The characteristics of parenting sense of competence in postpartum women can be divided into two potential categories, namely, easy-to-satisfy group (39.3%) and strict-demand group (60.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that years of marriage, place of residence, deliberate rumination, and dyadic coping were the influencing factors of the potential categories of parenting sense of competence in postpartum women (p < .05). Conclusions Through Latent profile analysis (LPA) analysis, it was found that postpartum women's parenting sense of competence exhibits different characteristics. Clinical workers should identify the characteristics and influencing factors of different categories of women and adopt targeted intervention strategies to promote the level of parenting sense of competence.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the potential categories of parenting sense of competence and to analyze the influence of rumination and dyadic coping on the potential categories of parenting sense of competence. Methods: A total of 199 postpartum women who met the criteria were surveyed from a tertiary grade-A hospital in Shanxi (China) from May 2023 to August 2023. The instruments included the general demographic characteristics, Chinese version of parenting sense of competence scale, Chinese event related rumination inventory, and Chinese version of dyadic coping inventory. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify the parenting sense of competence in postpartum women, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors. Results: The characteristics of parenting sense of competence in postpartum women can be divided into two potential categories, namely, easy-to-satisfy group (39.3%) and strict-demand group (60.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that years of marriage, place of residence, deliberate rumination, and dyadic coping were the influencing factors of the potential categories of parenting sense of competence in postpartum women (p < .05). Conclusions Through Latent profile analysis (LPA) analysis, it was found that postpartum women's parenting sense of competence exhibits different characteristics. Clinical workers should identify the characteristics and influencing factors of different categories of women and adopt targeted intervention strategies to promote the level of parenting sense of competence.

Objective : To investigate the effect of hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) on mitochondrial energy metabolism in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells and its possible mechanism. Methods : In this paper, mouse hippocampal nerve cells HT22 were divided into control group, hypoxia group, HPC group, and the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in each group were measured for observing the effect of HPC on cell mitochondrial metabolism. Western blot was used to detect the expression of target of rapamycin ( mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR protein and autophagy substrate P62 protein; cellular immunofluorescence was used to detect phosphorylated mTOR, and LysoTrackerTM probe was used to detect lysosomes. Results : Compared with the control group, the ATP level was significantly decreased and the ROS level was increased in the hypoxia group. Exposed to HPC, the ATP level was increased and the ROS level was decreased. Compared with the control group, the expression of phosphorylated mTOR was down⁃regulated and the expression of autophagy substrate P62 was down⁃regulated in the HPC group. Conclusion HPC may affect the energy metabolism of HT22 cells through the mTOR/autophagy signaling pathway, thereby exerting a protective effect on the HT22 cells.

Objective: To study the prevalence and correlates of diabetes among HIV/AIDS who were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefectures (Dehong), Yunnan province. Methods: The database of HIV/AIDS receiving ART in Dehong was downloaded by using the basic information system of AIDS prevention and control in China. In this cross-sectional study, HIV/AIDS patients who were currently on ART and aged 18 years or above, were consecutively recruited, between July 2017 and June 2018, in Dehong. All the subjects underwent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing. Patient with diabetes was defined as meeting any of these indicators (HbA1c ≥6.5%, baseline FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L, FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L in the most recent visit). Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried on to evaluate the correlates of diabetes among the HIV/AIDS patients. Results: In total of 4 376 HIV/AIDS patients were included for analysis, with the average age as (43.7±10.1) years, proportion of males as 53.8% (2 356/4 376) and the HCV positive rate as 24.1% (1 055/4 376). The mean years was (8.9±3.8) years after the HIV diagnosis was made, and the mean duration on treatment was (6.8±2.9) years. The prevalence of diabetes was 11.4% (500/4 376). Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, data showed that the risk factors of diabetes of HIV/AIDS on ART were: aged 40 years or above, being male, HCV positive, baseline body mass index ≥24.0 kg/m², elevated TG ≥1.70 mmol/L in the most recent visit and baseline antiretroviral regimens under Efavirenz (EFV). Conclusions Prevalence rate of diabetes appeared higher in HIV/AIDS patients who were on ART in Dehong. Prevention and control measures should be targeted on HIV/AIDS patients who were with risk factors of diabetes as being elderly, male, HCV positive, overweight and higher TG. Further esearch is needed to evaluate the association between the use of EFV and diabetes.

Objective:To study the inhibitory effect of γδT cells on the proliferation of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,and to clarify its possible mechanism of inducing apoptosis. Methods:The human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells cultured in vitro were used as control group,and theγδT and SKOV3 cells were co-cultured for 72 h as γδT cells treatment group.Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to obeserve the morphological changes of nucleus SKOV3 cells,and the inhibitory rate of proliferation of SKOV3 cells in two groups were detected by MTT method;Transwell Chambers was used to detect the cell migration ability,then the apoptotic rates of SKOV3 cells were tested by flow cytometry (FCM).Results:The apoptotic morphology of nucleus of SKOV3 cells in γδT cells treatment group were found under microscope,such as nuclear shrinkage.The MTT resultes displayed that the inhibitory rate of proliferation of SKOV3 cells in γδT cells treatment group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05).The Transwell Chambers results showed that the number of transmembrane cells in γδT cells treatment group was lower than that in control group,and the migration rate was decreased compared with control group (P <0.05).The FCM results showed that the apoptotic rate of SKOV3 cells in γδT cells treatment group was higher than that in control group (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion:γδT cells can inhibit the proliferation and the migration abilities of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells,and promote the apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo examine the proportion and reasons of drop-out from antiretroviral therapy (ART) among 8 367 adult HIV-infected individuals in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province.

METHODSAll adult HIV-infected patients receiving ART before September 30 of 2014 were examined for the situation of drop-out from ART.

RESULTSThe proportion of drop-out from ART among adult HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture was 14.4% (1 202/8 367). Results from the univariate logistic regression analyses indicated that drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with factors as: living area, gender, age, marital status, HIV transmission route, baseline CD4⁺ T cell counts and initial treatment regimen of the patients. After adjusted for potential confounding variables by multiple logistic regression model, drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with residential area, marital status, HIV transmission route, baseline CD4⁺ T cell count and initial treatment regimen of the patients. HIV-infected patients who were living in Mangshi city, Lianghe county or Yingjiang County, being married or living with partner, HIV infection through sexual contact, with baseline CD4⁺ T cell counts ≤ 200 cells/mm³, and ART included in the initial treatment regimen etc., were less likely to drop out from ART. The proportion of drop out from ART was significantly decreasing along with the increasing time of ART. Data from specific investigation revealed that among the 1 202 patients who dropped out from ART, 704 (58.6%) were lost to follow-up, 303 (25.2%) did not adhere to treatment, 74 (6.2%) moved out the region, 64 (5.3%) were Burmese that had returned to Burma, 29 (2.4%) stopped the treatment according to doctors' advice, 18 (1.5%) were incarcerated and 10 (0.8%) were under other reasons. Reasons for the drop-out varied, according to the situation of patients.

CONCLUSIONThe proportion of drop-out from ART varied significantly according to the characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture that underscoring the needs for tailored responses to reduce drop-out of ART. Focus should be targeted on reducing the loss to follow-up and improving the treatment adherence.