Objective To investigate the clinical features，laboratory findings，and prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis positive for leucine rich glioma inactivated 1（LGI1）antibody. Methods We reviewed the clinical data of 11 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis hospitalized in Fu Yang People's Hospital from October 2019 to December 2024. Results All the 11 patients（100%）had cognitive function involvement，9（81.8%）had epileptic seizures，5（45.5%）had mental and behavioral abnormalities，4（36.4%）had sleep disorders，3（27.3%）had autonomic nervous dysfunction，2（18.2%）had faciobrachial dystonic seizures（FBDS），2（18.2%）had facial numbness，and 1（9.1%）had phantosmia and pruritus in both eyes and the neck. LGI1 antibody was positive in the serum of all the cases（100%）and present in the cerebrospinal fluid of 8 cases（72.3%）. Seven cases（63.6%）had hyponatremia，and 5 cases（45.5%）also had hypophosphatemia，hypocalcemia，and hypomagnesemia in addition to blood sodium lower than 134 mmol/L. Intracranial abnormalities were detected in 7 cases（63.6%）on magnetic resonance imaging. Electroencephalogram abnormalities were recorded in 6 cases（54.5%）. After immunosuppressive treatment，2 cases（18.2%）had recurrent symptoms，and 2 cases（18.2%）had residual mild memory impairment. In terms of prognosis，the modified Rankin Scale scores were generally favorable. Conclusion Anti-LGI1 encephalitis manifests as convulsions，FBDS，memory decline，mental and behavioral abnormalities，autonomic nervous dysfunction，sleep disorders，hyponatremia，and multiple electrolyte disorders such as hypomagnesemia，hypocalcemia，and hypophosphatemia when blood sodium is below 134 mmol/L. The prognosis with immunosuppressive treatment is favorable，but recurrent symptoms may occur.

BackgroundPrenatal depression has an important impact on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have shown that maternal prenatal depression is associated with social support， and social support is related to fear of childbirth. However， there is limited research on the relationship among maternal prenatal depression， social support and fear of childbirth， and no studies have specifically explored the influence of social support and fear of childbirth on prenatal depression in primiparous women. ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of prenatal depression among primiparous women， and to analyze the correlation between social support and fear of childbirth， and to further explore the influence of social support and fear of childbirth on prenatal depression in this population， so as to provide references for improving their mental health. MethodsA total of 380 primiparous women admitted to the inpatient department of Chengdu Wenjiang District People's Hospital from December 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled as study subjects. A self-made questionnaire， Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS）， Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire （CAQ） were used to conduct the survey. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between scale scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors of prenatal depression. ResultsA total of 380 questionnaires were distributed， with 372 （97.89%） valid responses collected. Among the participants， 222 cases （59.68%） were identified with prenatal depression. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that EPDS score was negatively correlated with SSRS score （r=-0.283， P<0.01） and positively correlated with CAQ score （r=0.341， P<0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that social support （β=-0.166， P<0.01） and fear of childbirth （β=0.269， P<0.01） were influencing factors of prenatal depression in primiparous women. ConclusionThe prevalence of prenatal depression among primiparous women is concerning， with depression levels showing significant associations with both social support and fear of childbirth.

Objective We aim to analyse semaglutide related adverse events in real-world,overall and by gender and age subgroups and compare the differences of different gender and age patients in adverse events,in order to supply references for security usage in the clinic.Methods OpenVigil 2.1 was used to search FDA Adverse Event Reporting System for semaglutide related adverse events from the establishment of the databases to April 2023.According to age and gender,patients were divided into 18-64 years old group and≥65 years old group,male group and female group.We selected ten adverse events which we interested(nausea,diarrhoea,vomiting,pancreatitis,cholecystitis,cholelithiasis,hypoglycaemia,diabetic retinopathy,acute kidney injury and thyroid cancer/medullary thyroid cancer)and analyzed overall and each group of semaglutide adverse events.Results A total of 5 330 cases and 15 558 adverse events were collected.2 935 patients aged 18-64 old group years with 8 553 adverse events;2 395 patients aged≥65 years old group with 7 005 adverse events.2 231 male group patients with 6 195 adverse events;3 059 female group patients with 9 277 adverse events.The sex of 40 patients was unknown.Nausea(1 089 cases/7.00％),vomiting(775 cases/4.98％)and diarrhoea(545 cases/3.50％)remained the most common adverse events.The constituent ratio of pancreatitis was significantly higher in patients aged 18-64 years old group than in patients aged 65 years old group(P＜0.05);the constituent ratio of diarrhoeaand cholelithiasis was significantly lower in patients aged 18-64 years old group than patients aged≥65 years old group(P＜0.05).The constituent ratio of diarrhoea,vomiting,pancreatitis,cholecystitis,cholelithiasis,diabetic retinopathy,and acute kidney injurywas significantly higher in male group patients than in female group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nausea,diarrhoea and vomiting remined the most common adverse events of semaglutide.Male should be more concerned about gastrointestinal,pancreatitis,gallbladder events,retinopathy and acute kidney injury.Elderly patients should be more alert diarrhoea and cholelithiasis.

Objective To analyze the effect of dapagliflozin on epicardial fat attenuation(EFat)in patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes.Methods The patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes in our hospital were retrospectively collected.The patients were grouped into treatment group and control group.The treatment group was newly treated with dapagliflozin on the basis of the original treatment.The control group maintained the original antidiabetic drugs without using dapagliflozin.After median follow-up of thirteen months,the clinical characteristics,including body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose(FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),triglycerides,total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and EFat between the two groups were compared.Results A total of 235 patients were collected,of which 205 cases completed follow-up.There were 111 cases in the treatment group and 94 cases in the control group.The BMI,FBG and HbA1c of patients in the treatment group significantly decreased compared to those before therapy,while HDL-C significantly increased.The EFat of patients in the treatment group significantly decreased compared to baseline[(-96.48±14.71)HU vs(-88.59±10.60)HU,P＜0.05].Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between changes in EFat and changes in HDL-C in patients in the treatment group(r=-0.188,P＜0.05).Conclusion Dapagliflozin can reduce the epicardial fat attenuation in patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of constructing a preeclampsia(PE)risk model based on multiple exosomal micrornas(miRNA)expression levels and to verify its efficacy in predicting PE.Methods A total of 1037 pregnant women who were archived in our hospital from June 2019 to December 2021 and whose gestational weeks were less than or equal to 20 weeks were selected as the research subjects.The expression of exosomal miRNA(including miR-155-5p,miR-215-5p,miR-203a-3p,miR-199a-5p and miR-125a-3p)in all samples was detected by qRT-PCR.Then,all patients were followed up to the end of pregnancy.The occurrence of PE during the follow-up period was counted,and all samples were divided into the PE group and the control group according to results.Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of PE.The multi-miRNA risk model was constructed with ggrisk package,and the predictive effect of the model on PE was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results By the end of follow-up on October 31,2022,974 cases were finally followed up,and the follow-up completion rate was 93.92%.Among all the 974 patients who completed the follow-up,65 patients developed PE,so they were finally divided into the PE group,and 909 cases were used as the control group.The age,pre-pregnancy BMI and waist circumference at 12 weeks of gestation were higher in the PE group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The proportions of smoking history and drinking history were higher in the PE group than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The contents of triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),alanyl aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),miR-155-5p,miR-199a-5p and miR-215-5p were higher in the PE group than those in the control group,while contents of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),miR-125a-3p and miR-203a-3p were lower in the PE group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of miR-125a-3p,miR-155-5p,miR-199a-5p and miR-215-5p were independent predictors of PE(P＜0.05).The predictive risk model constructed from the above miRNAs had good predictive value in the occurrence of PE(AUC=0.998),with a sensitivity of 98.46%(63/65)and a specificity of 93.94%(854/909).Conclusion miR-125a-3p,miR-155-5p,miR-199a-5p,miR-203a-3p and miR-215-5p are significantly related to the occurrence of PE,and the PE prediction model constructed with the above five miRNAs has better effect.

OBJECTIVE: To study the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the polysaccharide of Alocasia cucullata (PAC) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: B16F10 and 4T1 cells were cultured with PAC of 40 µg/mL, and PAC was withdrawn after 40 days of administration. The cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8. The expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western blot and the expressions of ERK1/2 mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A mouse melanoma model was established to study the effect of PAC during long-time administration. Mice were divided into 3 treatment groups: control group treated with saline water, positive control group (LNT group) treated with lentinan at 100 mg/(kg·d), and PAC group treated with PAC at 120 mg/(kg·d). The pathological changes of tumor tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The apoptosis of tumor tissues was detected by TUNEL staining. Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expressions of ERK1/2, JNK1 and p38 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: In vitro, no strong inhibitory effects of PAC were found in various tumor cells after 48 or 72 h of administration. Interestingly however, after 40 days of cultivation under PAC, an inhibitory effect on B16F10 cells was found. Correspondingly, the long-time administration of PAC led to downregulation of Bcl-2 protein (P<0.05), up-regulation of Caspase-3 protein (P<0.05) and ERK1 mRNA (P<0.05) in B16F10 cells. The above results were verified by in vivo experiments. In addition, viability of B16F10 cells under long-time administration culture in vitro decreased after drug withdrawal, and similar results were also observed in 4T1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Long-time administration of PAC can significantly inhibit viability and promote apoptosis of tumor cells, and had obvious antitumor effect in tumor-bearing mice.
Mice ; Animals ; Alocasia/metabolism* ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Caspase 3/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism*

Objective To observe the effects of Postmenstrual Proliferative Prescription(mainly composed of Codonopsis Radix,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Poria,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Cervi Cornu Degelatinatum,Corni Fructus,Cuscutae Semen,and Eucommiae Cortex)through replenishing qi and blood on the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in patients with ovulatory dysfunction infertility caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)during ovulation-induction treatment,and to explore the therapeutic effects and possible therapeutic mechanism.Methods Sixty patients with ovulatory dysfunction infertility due to PCOS were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 30 patients in each group.The control group was given Clomifene Citrate Capsules to promote ovulation,and the treatment group was given Postmenstrual Proliferative Prescription on the basis of the ovulation-induction program of the control group starting from the fifth day of menstruation or progesterone withdrawal bleeding.The two groups were treated for one menstrual cycle as a course of treatment.The changes in the serum sex hormones of estradiol(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),and progesterone(P)on the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation,as well as the changes in serum growth differentiation factor 9(GDF9)and bone morphogenetic protein 15(BMP15)levels on the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation and on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)injection were observed in the two groups.Moreover,the ovulation rate,pregnancy rate and clinical efficacy of the patients in the two groups were analyzed.Results(1)No statistically significant differences in serum levels of sex hormones E2,FSH,LH and P on the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation were shown between the two groups of patients(P＞0.05).(2)On the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation and on the day of HCG injection,there were no significant differences in the serum GDF9 and BMP15 levels between the two groups(P＞0.05).(3)The ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in the treatment group were 93.33%(28/30)and 26.67%(8/30)respectively,which were significantly higher than 70.00%(21/30)and 13.33%(4/30)in the control group.And the differences tested by chi-square test were statistically significant between the two groups(P＜0.05).(4)The total effective rate of the treatment group was 93.33%(28/30),and that of the control group was 70.00%(21/30).The intergroup comparison(tested by rank sum test)showed that the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment group was significantly superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Postmenstrual Proliferative Prescription through replenishing qi and blood can improve the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate during ovulation-induction treatment in the patients with ovulatory dysfunction infertility due to PCOS.It is indicated that Postmenstrual Proliferative Prescription can enhance the quality of the oocytes and the potential of embryo implantation during the ovulation-induction treatment.

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of different antigen-specific T cell immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)after inoculation with 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine for 12 months.Methods Fifteen healthy adults were enrolled in this study and blood samples collected at 12 months after receiving two doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine.The level and phenotypic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific T lymphocytes were detected by activation-induced markers(AIM)based on polychromatic flow cytometry.Results After 12 months of inoculation with 2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine,more than 90%of adults had detectable Spike and Non-spike antigen-specific CD4+ T cells immune responses(Spike:14/15,P=0.0001;Non-spike:15/15,P<0.0001).80%of adults had detectable Spike and Non-spike antigen-specific CD8+ T cells immune responses(Spike:12/15,P=0.0463;Non-spike:12/15,P=0.0806).Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccination after 12 months were composed of predominantly central memory(CM)and effector memory 1(EM1)cells.On the other hand,in terms of helper subsets,antigen-specific CD4+ T cells mainly showed T helper 1/17(Th1/17)and T helper 2(Th2)phenotypes.Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccination generates durable and extensive antigen-specific CD4+ T cell memory responses,which may be the key factor for the low proportion of severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection in China.

Purpose To explore the pathological features of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL)with bone marrow involvement and to improve awareness of bone marrow infiltration in AITL.Methods The tissue morphology of 32 cases of AITL with bone marrow involvement was retrospectively analyzed.Im-munohistochemistry using the EnVision method and ten-color flow cytometry were conducted to detect AITL-related immune markers.T cell clonality was analyzed through T cell receptor(TCR)gene rearrangement.Results The predominant pat-terns of tumor cell infiltration were nodular(20/32,62.5％)and interstitial or small clusters(10/32,31.3％).The nodules showed a mixture of cellular components.In some cases,the fo-ci contained a mixture of cells with characteristic"granuloma-toid"changes.The tumor cells were mainly small to medium-sized lymphocytes with inconspicuous atypia.Some cases showed plasma cell proliferation.19 cases were subject to immunohisto-chemical staining,which revealed a low count of CD4-positive T cells,with an average of 8.4％.The positive rates of T follic-ular helper cells(TFH)markers were as follows:CD10(7/14,50.0％),BCL6(6/19,31.6％),PD-1(13/19,68.4％),and CXCL13(13/19,68.4％).In most cases,tumor cells showed co-expression of PD-1 and CXCL13,but the number of positive cells was less than 1％.Flow cytometry analysis was performed in 24 cases,among which 22 cases all consistently expressed cytoplasmic CD3(cCD3),CD5,CD4,and CD2,with varying degrees of CD10 expression.In some cases,there was a lack of expression of surface CD3(sCD3)(12/22,54.5％),while there was a lack of expression of CD7(8/22,36.4％).and no abnormal T cells were found in 2 cases.TCR gene rearrangement analysis was performed in 7 cases,with 3 cases showing TCR clonality.Conclusion AITL with bone marrow involvement exhibits a lower proportion of tumor cells and less atypia,making it prone to misdiagnosis.The presence of lymphocytic foci with mixed cellular components in the bone marrow can indicate bone marrow involvement in AITL.Flow cy-tometry detection of abnormal T cells(double positive for CD4 and CD10)strongly suggests bone marrow infiltration in AITL.A comprehensive diagnosis of bone marrow involvement in AITL re-quires consideration of bone marrow biopsy,flow cytometry,and TCR gene rearrangement analysis.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and potential mechanisms of the ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic in contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Methods: CIN rat models and human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2) with iopromide-induced injury were employed to mimic CIN conditions. The effect of Abelmoschus manihot extract on the rat models and HK-2 cells was evaluated. In rat models, kidney function, histology, oxidative stress and apoptosis were determined. In HK-2 cells, cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and endoplasmic reticulum stress were assessed. Results: Abelmoschus manihot extract significantly improved structural and functional impairments in the kidneys of CIN rats. Additionally, the extract effectively mitigated the decline in cellular viability and reduced iopromide-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Abelmoschus manihot extract prominently attenuated acute endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis by downregulating GRP78 and CHOP protein levels. Conclusions: Abelmoschus manihot extract can be used as a promising therapeutic and preventive agent in the treatment of CIN.