BackgroundPostpartum depression （PPD） is a prevalent postpartum complications that significantly compromises women's psychological and physical well-being. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS）， a conventional neuromodulation technique， has been increasingly used in the treatment of PPD. However， high-quality evidence regarding its efficacy and safety remains limited. ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of rTMS in the treatment of PPD， thereby providing references for clinical treatment. MethodsDatabases including Cochrane Library， PubMed， Embase， CNKI， Wanfang， VIP and China Biology Medicine disc （CBM） were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials （RCTs） on rTMS for PPD， with the search spanning from database inception to February 8， 2025. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 5.0.1， and the certainty of evidence was graded according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluation （GRADE） approach. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0. The outcomes of the Meta-analysis included the total effective rate， Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS） score， Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD） score， and adverse reactions （dizziness， headache， nausea， diarrhea， and the overall incidence of adverse reactions）. ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 729 patients with PPD were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the total effective rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group （OR=5.54， 95% CI： 3.07–10.01， P<0.01）. Both EPDS score （SMD=-2.38， 95% CI： -3.39–-1.37， P<0.01） and HAMD score （SMD=2.53， 95% CI： 1.21–3.85， P<0.01） in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group， with statistically significant differences. Comparisons between the study group and control group reveal no significant differences in the incidence of dizziness and headache （RR=1.47， 95% CI： 0.63–3.43， P>0.05）， nausea （RR=1.46， 95% CI： 0.55–3.86， P>0.05）， diarrhea （RR=0.71， 95% CI： 0.23–2.20， P>0.05）， and overall adverse reactions （RR=1.30， 95% CI： 0.79–2.15， P>0.05）. GRADE assessment rated the four indicators of dizziness and headache， diarrhea， overall incidence of adverse reactions， and EPDS score as "moderate-certainty evidence"， and rated the total effective rate， nausea， and the HAMD score as "low-certainty evidence". ConclusionrTMS demonstrates certain therapeutic efficacy for PPD， with a safety profile comparable to conventional treatment. ［Funded by Sichuan Psychological Society Research Planning Project （number， SCSXLXH202403099）； Guiding Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangyuan （number， 23ZDYF0095）］

Objective:To explore the correlation between elderly education and health status of elderly people in urban and rural areas.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from Jul 2024 to Dec 2024 involving 200 elderly people aged 60 and above in Shenyang.Among them,62 participated in elderly education and 138 did not.The psychological and health status of the two groups were evaluated using the Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale,Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale,and a self-designed questionnaire on health status.Results:There were statistically significant differences in age,years of education,occupation(before retirement),living conditions,and residential location between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in life satisfaction,delayed recall ability,and occurrence of physical limitations between the two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Conducting elderly education for the elderly population is of great significance in promoting their physical and mental health,promoting the construction of a positive aging concept,and establishing a comprehensive elderly health system.

Objective:To provide a theoretical foundation for improving the evaluation of ideological and political education within medical curricula by comparing and analyzing the teaching effectiveness of AI-empowered ideological and political case teaching with conventional case teaching.Methods:Utilizing a cluster sampling method,two administrative classes who received the course of Preventive Medicine were selected,and randomly divided into the AI-empowered ideological and political case group(case 1 group)and the common case group(case 2 group).During the medical course instruction,each group received teaching sessions incorporating their respective case study content.A questionnaire survey was subsequently administered to compare the students'levels of acceptance and perception towards the ideological and political case teaching.Results:The students'recognition rates for"whether the ideological education cases could achieve the teaching objectives","the close combination of ideological education cases and preventive medicine professional knowledge"and"case teaching deepened students'understanding of doctors'social services"in Case 1 group were all higher than those in Case 2 group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the recognition rate for"the case content has practical guiding significance(such as response to public health events)","the case enhanced my sense of mission in the field of public health",and"the lecture process of the case impressed me"between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conversely,the recognition rate of the Case 2 group for"the integration of ideological education cases had more warmth"was higher than that of the Case 1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Correctly evaluating and utilizing AI-empowered ideological and political case teaching in medical course education can more efficiently achieve the goals of ideological and political education.

Objective:To explore the teaching reform of the Food Analysis experiment course under the concept of employment-oriented education,and to improve students'practical ability and employment competitiveness.Methods:Taking students majoring in Food Quality and Safety at a certain university as the research objects,the control group adopted traditional teaching,while the experimental group carried out reforms by optimizing the curriculum system,innovating the teaching mode,and establishing a diversified evaluation system.The total scores,teaching effectiveness,satisfaction with the teaching mode,and the evaluation of graduates by employers between the two groups were compared.Results:The average total score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The teaching effect evaluations of the experimental group in improving experimental operation skills and enhancing employment position cognition were all higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The satisfaction of the experimental group with the teaching mode was better than that of the control group(P＜0.05).In the evaluation results of employers on graduates,the excellent rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion:The reform measures effectively improve the teaching quality and students'comprehensive literacy,and deliver high-quality talents with both practical ability and innovative thinking to the food industry.

Objective:To evaluate the toxicity of foscarnet sodium injection into the anterior chamber and intravitreal cavity on the cornea and retina.Methods:Thirty-six adult New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into control group, intravitreal injection group, and intracameral injection group, with 12 rabbits in each group.In the control group, 0.1 ml of balanced salt solution (BSS) was injected into the vitreous cavity of one eye, and an equal volume of BSS was injected into the anterior chamber of the other eye.In the intracameral injection group and intravitreal injection group, 0.1 ml of sodium foscarnet 1.2 mg was injected into the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity of one eye, respectively.Slit-lamp microscopy, ophthalmoscope, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed on 3 experimental rabbits from each group on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 after injection.After sacrifice, both eyeballs were removed, and the corneas and retinas were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the toxicity to the cornea and retina comprehensively.The use and care of the animals complied with the ARVO Statement.The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Peking University Third Hospital (No.IRB00006761-2015197). Results:Slit-lamp microscopy and OCT showed no corneal edema, intraocular inflammation, or other abnormalities in the intravitreal injection and control groups.Mild corneal edema was observed in intracameral injection group 1 day after injection, which resolved 7 days after injection. In vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed normal hexagonal corneal endothelial cell morphology in the intravitreal injection and control groups.There was no significant difference in endothelial cell density at baseline and 1, 7, and 14 days after injection among the three groups ( Fgroup=1.21, P=0.32; Ftime=1.21, P=0.32).Light microscopy revealed no obvious corneal abnormalities.On days 1 and 7 after injection, retinal nerve fiber layer vacuolization and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the intravitreal injection and control groups.In the intravitreal injection of BSS group, inflammatory cell infiltration occurred in the retina without vacuolization 1 day after injection.There were no structural changes in the photoreceptor layer, and the nuclear layer was well-organized.Scanning electron microscopy showed no significant abnormalities in the corneal endothelium in the intravitreal injection group 1 day after injection.In the intracameral injection group, a large number of inflammatory cells were deposited and adhered to the corneal endothelium 1 day after injection and disappeared 7 days after injection.Transmission electron microscopy revealed that in the intravitreal injection group, 1 day after injection swelling of corneal endothelial cells, dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum, and partial mitochondrial swelling were observed, which normalized 14 days after injection and vacuolization was present in the retina and interstitial fluid accumulation persisted until the 28 days after injection.In the intracameral injection group, swollen mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum of corneal endothelial cells was observed and resolved by 14 days after injection.However, structural abnormalities in the membranous discs of the photoreceptor outer segments and interstitial fluid accumulation in the optic nerve fiber layer persisted 1 day after injection and did not fully recover 28 days after injection. Conclusions:Intracameral intravitreal and injection of foscarnet sodium have transient toxic effects on the retina, which gradually weaken over time.Intracameral injection of foscarnet sodium was more toxic to corneal endothelial cells than intravitreal injection.

Objective:To explore the correlation between elderly education and health status of elderly people in urban and rural areas.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from Jul 2024 to Dec 2024 involving 200 elderly people aged 60 and above in Shenyang.Among them,62 participated in elderly education and 138 did not.The psychological and health status of the two groups were evaluated using the Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale,Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale,and a self-designed questionnaire on health status.Results:There were statistically significant differences in age,years of education,occupation(before retirement),living conditions,and residential location between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in life satisfaction,delayed recall ability,and occurrence of physical limitations between the two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Conducting elderly education for the elderly population is of great significance in promoting their physical and mental health,promoting the construction of a positive aging concept,and establishing a comprehensive elderly health system.

Objective:To explore the teaching reform of the Food Analysis experiment course under the concept of employment-oriented education,and to improve students'practical ability and employment competitiveness.Methods:Taking students majoring in Food Quality and Safety at a certain university as the research objects,the control group adopted traditional teaching,while the experimental group carried out reforms by optimizing the curriculum system,innovating the teaching mode,and establishing a diversified evaluation system.The total scores,teaching effectiveness,satisfaction with the teaching mode,and the evaluation of graduates by employers between the two groups were compared.Results:The average total score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The teaching effect evaluations of the experimental group in improving experimental operation skills and enhancing employment position cognition were all higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The satisfaction of the experimental group with the teaching mode was better than that of the control group(P＜0.05).In the evaluation results of employers on graduates,the excellent rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion:The reform measures effectively improve the teaching quality and students'comprehensive literacy,and deliver high-quality talents with both practical ability and innovative thinking to the food industry.

Objective:To evaluate the toxicity of foscarnet sodium injection into the anterior chamber and intravitreal cavity on the cornea and retina.Methods:Thirty-six adult New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into control group, intravitreal injection group, and intracameral injection group, with 12 rabbits in each group.In the control group, 0.1 ml of balanced salt solution (BSS) was injected into the vitreous cavity of one eye, and an equal volume of BSS was injected into the anterior chamber of the other eye.In the intracameral injection group and intravitreal injection group, 0.1 ml of sodium foscarnet 1.2 mg was injected into the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity of one eye, respectively.Slit-lamp microscopy, ophthalmoscope, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed on 3 experimental rabbits from each group on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 after injection.After sacrifice, both eyeballs were removed, and the corneas and retinas were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the toxicity to the cornea and retina comprehensively.The use and care of the animals complied with the ARVO Statement.The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Peking University Third Hospital (No.IRB00006761-2015197). Results:Slit-lamp microscopy and OCT showed no corneal edema, intraocular inflammation, or other abnormalities in the intravitreal injection and control groups.Mild corneal edema was observed in intracameral injection group 1 day after injection, which resolved 7 days after injection. In vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed normal hexagonal corneal endothelial cell morphology in the intravitreal injection and control groups.There was no significant difference in endothelial cell density at baseline and 1, 7, and 14 days after injection among the three groups ( Fgroup=1.21, P=0.32; Ftime=1.21, P=0.32).Light microscopy revealed no obvious corneal abnormalities.On days 1 and 7 after injection, retinal nerve fiber layer vacuolization and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the intravitreal injection and control groups.In the intravitreal injection of BSS group, inflammatory cell infiltration occurred in the retina without vacuolization 1 day after injection.There were no structural changes in the photoreceptor layer, and the nuclear layer was well-organized.Scanning electron microscopy showed no significant abnormalities in the corneal endothelium in the intravitreal injection group 1 day after injection.In the intracameral injection group, a large number of inflammatory cells were deposited and adhered to the corneal endothelium 1 day after injection and disappeared 7 days after injection.Transmission electron microscopy revealed that in the intravitreal injection group, 1 day after injection swelling of corneal endothelial cells, dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum, and partial mitochondrial swelling were observed, which normalized 14 days after injection and vacuolization was present in the retina and interstitial fluid accumulation persisted until the 28 days after injection.In the intracameral injection group, swollen mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum of corneal endothelial cells was observed and resolved by 14 days after injection.However, structural abnormalities in the membranous discs of the photoreceptor outer segments and interstitial fluid accumulation in the optic nerve fiber layer persisted 1 day after injection and did not fully recover 28 days after injection. Conclusions:Intracameral intravitreal and injection of foscarnet sodium have transient toxic effects on the retina, which gradually weaken over time.Intracameral injection of foscarnet sodium was more toxic to corneal endothelial cells than intravitreal injection.

Objective:To provide a theoretical foundation for improving the evaluation of ideological and political education within medical curricula by comparing and analyzing the teaching effectiveness of AI-empowered ideological and political case teaching with conventional case teaching.Methods:Utilizing a cluster sampling method,two administrative classes who received the course of Preventive Medicine were selected,and randomly divided into the AI-empowered ideological and political case group(case 1 group)and the common case group(case 2 group).During the medical course instruction,each group received teaching sessions incorporating their respective case study content.A questionnaire survey was subsequently administered to compare the students'levels of acceptance and perception towards the ideological and political case teaching.Results:The students'recognition rates for"whether the ideological education cases could achieve the teaching objectives","the close combination of ideological education cases and preventive medicine professional knowledge"and"case teaching deepened students'understanding of doctors'social services"in Case 1 group were all higher than those in Case 2 group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the recognition rate for"the case content has practical guiding significance(such as response to public health events)","the case enhanced my sense of mission in the field of public health",and"the lecture process of the case impressed me"between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conversely,the recognition rate of the Case 2 group for"the integration of ideological education cases had more warmth"was higher than that of the Case 1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Correctly evaluating and utilizing AI-empowered ideological and political case teaching in medical course education can more efficiently achieve the goals of ideological and political education.

With the continuous deepening of China's aging population,it is necessary to promote elderly disease prevention services,strengthen the construction of elderly medical resources,cultivate a team of service talents,and comprehensively improve elderly health service capabilities.The health support system for the elderly should be continuously improved through the combination of medical care and elderly care,smart elderly care,and elderly education.These measures are of great significance for actively coping with population aging