EFFECTIVENESS OF DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT EDUCATION (DSME) AND FAMILY-BASED INTERVENTIONS ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES Diabetes is a health condition that can have a significant impact on quality of life. Therefore, self-care management and family support may be important in helping people with diabetes maintain or improve their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) program and family-based interventions in improving the quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes. This research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre- and post-test. A sample of 54 individuals was selected using purposive sampling technique. Analysis was performed using dependent and independent t-tests. The results indicated that the DSME program was effective in improving quality of life in all domains (p < 0.05). Family-based interventions were shown to improve quality of life (p = 0.045) and psychological (p = 0.010) and environmental (p = 0.029) domains. However, the two interventions did not appear to differ in improving quality of life (ppre = 0.727; ppost = 0.466). The study concluded that DSME and family-based interventions are effective in improving quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes. These interventions can be implemented in other health care settings.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of digital education programs in adolescent reproductive health. This study involved a narrative review that used sources from the databases of scientific journals (Elsevier, BMC, BMJ, SagePub, Taylor & Francis, and Scopus) for adolescents’ reproductive health, promotion, social media, health education, health reproduction, sexual health, digital era, cell phone, mHealth, mcare, eHealth, telemedicine, health services, adolescence, youth, young adults, and young adolescents. Of the 75 studies identified during the search, 21 were eligible for inclusion. Interventions regarding reproductive health for adolescents in the digital era are diverse and range from social media and healthcare applications to gaming models. Therefore, the success of a health intervention program depends strongly on government support. Some interventions involved in-depth preparations and included discussions with decision makers and relevant professionals. Others have pinpointed training to make most of the interactions with adolescents during reproductive health education. In a review of 21 studies, 90.4% showed an increase in knowledge, attitudes, or behavior toward providing reproductive health education to adolescents. Interventions in the digital era of adolescent reproductive health are diverse and range from social media and healthcare applications to gaming models. The range of interventions was diverse and wide as most studies in the literature presented very good quality and validated interventions. As information technology plays an integral role in the lives of adolescents, education that makes greater use of social media and gaming can be very effective.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a serious infection that attacks the body's immune system, and its means of transmission include the use of injecting drugs. Effective preventive measures are crucial for reducing the prevalence of HIV in society. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors influencing HIV/AIDS preventive measures among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Makassar City. A cross-sectional study design was employed, and 124 IDUs were enrolled as participants through an accidental sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed with chi-square bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed knowledge (p-value = 0.005), attitude (p-value = 0.013), peer influence (p-value = 0.004), support from health workers and NGOs (p-value = 0.029), availability of sterile injecting equipment services (p-value = 0.029), and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services were significantly correlated with the preventive measures among IDUs in Makassar city (p-value < 0.001). Furthermore, VCT services were found to be the most influential factor in HIV/AIDS preventive measures (OR = 6.369; 95%CI = 2.181-18.597; p-value = 0.001). In conclusion, knowledge, attitudes, peer influence, support from health workers and NGOs, the availability of sterile injecting equipment services, and VCT services have a relationship with HIV/AIDS preventive measures among IDUs. Participants who engaged in VCT are advised to disseminate information about HIV and the associated services to their partners and communities.
Knowledge

Drug abuse is one of the problems among adolescents that were found to be increasing every year. Around 2 million people use drugs in Indonesia and most of the users are 13-17 years old. Therefore, the participation of all parties is needed to overcome this, but first and foremost is the role of the family is vital. Based on the above background, the authors investigated the role of families in the prevention of drug abuse in adolescents. Drug abuse is regarded as a threat that sooner or later can destroy the young generation. The research was aimed to analyze the family roles in the prevention of drug abuse among adolescents. A literature search was conducted from journals through Google scholar, proques, and pubmed between 2014-2019. A total of 20 studies were analyzed regarding the roles of the family that influences the prevention of drug abuse among adolescents.