Objective To observe the efficacy of Venovo venous stent for treating post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)after lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods A total of 61 patients with PTS after lower extremioty DVT who underwent iliac vein stent implantation were retrospectively enrolled,including 33 cases underwent Venovo stent(Venovo stent group)and 28 cases underwent conventional stent implantation(conventional stent group).The technical success rates and perioperative complications,Villalta score and venous clinical severity score(VCSS)before and 6 and 12 months after treatment,as well as the primary stent patency were compared within and between groups.Results The technical success rate was 100%in both groups,and no significant difference of the incidence of perioperative complications was found between groups(P=0.187).There was no significant difference of Villalta score nor VCSS between groups before treatment(both P＞0.05),while significant decrease of Villalta score was noticed before and 6 or 12 months after treatment within both groups(all P＜0.05).No significant difference of Villalta score nor VCSS was found 6 months after treatment between groups(both P＞0.05),while significant difference of Villalta score and VCSS were observed in Venovo stent group compared with those in conventional stent group 12 months after treatment(both P＜0.05).No significant difference of primary stent patency rate was found between groups 6 and 12 months after treatment(both P＞0.05).Conclusion Venovo venous stent could be used to effectively treat PTS after lower extremity DVT.

Objective To observe the efficacy of Venovo venous stent for treating post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)after lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods A total of 61 patients with PTS after lower extremioty DVT who underwent iliac vein stent implantation were retrospectively enrolled,including 33 cases underwent Venovo stent(Venovo stent group)and 28 cases underwent conventional stent implantation(conventional stent group).The technical success rates and perioperative complications,Villalta score and venous clinical severity score(VCSS)before and 6 and 12 months after treatment,as well as the primary stent patency were compared within and between groups.Results The technical success rate was 100%in both groups,and no significant difference of the incidence of perioperative complications was found between groups(P=0.187).There was no significant difference of Villalta score nor VCSS between groups before treatment(both P＞0.05),while significant decrease of Villalta score was noticed before and 6 or 12 months after treatment within both groups(all P＜0.05).No significant difference of Villalta score nor VCSS was found 6 months after treatment between groups(both P＞0.05),while significant difference of Villalta score and VCSS were observed in Venovo stent group compared with those in conventional stent group 12 months after treatment(both P＜0.05).No significant difference of primary stent patency rate was found between groups 6 and 12 months after treatment(both P＞0.05).Conclusion Venovo venous stent could be used to effectively treat PTS after lower extremity DVT.

Objective·To evaluate the relationship between body mass index(BMI)and chronic metabolic diseases.Methods·The elderly(≥60 years old)who were underwent physical examination in the Physical Examination Center of Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from 2014 to 2021 were studied.Their results of biochemical indicators were collected.Their height,body weight,and blood pressure were measured by trained nurses.The history of chronic metabolic diseases was collected by self-reported questionnaire.Systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg,or self-reported hypertension history was defined as hypertension.Fasting blood glucose≥7.0 mmol/L or self-reported history of diabetes was defined as diabetes.Total cholesterol≥6.2 mmol/L,triglyceride≥2.3 mmol/L,or self-reported history of dyslipidemia was defined as dyslipidemia.The relationship between BMI and hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia was evaluated by using receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and binary logistic regression.Results·Data of 59 083 subjects were collected[30 807 men and 28 276 women,average age:(67.9±6.3)years old].The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia was 76.5%(45 219/59 083),24.1%(14 225/59 083)and 50.0%(29 544/59 083),respectively.Compared to the elderly people aged 60?74 years,those aged 75 years and above had a higher proportion of hypertension and diabetes,and a lower proportion of dyslipidemia and no metabolic abnormalities.With ROC analysis,the BMI cut-off values for hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia were 24.3,23.9,and 23.9 kg/m2.The BMI cut-off values for hypertension and diabetes in elderly men were similar to those in elderly women(for hypertension:24.3 kg/m2 in elderly men vs 24.2 kg/m2 in elderly women;for diabetes:24.0 kg/m2 in elderly men vs 23.7 kg/m2 in elderly women);however,BMI cut-off value for dyslipidemia was obviously higher in elderly men than that in elderly women(24.0 kg/m2 in elderly men vs 22.5 kg/m2 in elderly women).The BMI cut-off value for chronic metabolic diseases was higher in the elderly people aged 60?74 years than that in the elderly people aged 75 years and above(24.2?24.7 kg/m2 vs 22.9?23.8 kg/m2).Conclusion·Elderly people aged 60?74 years should maintain the BMI below 24.0 kg/m2,while those aged 75 years and above should aim for the BMI below 23.0 kg/m2,so as to reduce the risk of chronic metabolic diseases.

Objective To evaluate the impact of total parenteral nutrition(TPN)on nutrition status and inflammatory markers in hospitalized fasted patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Methods A retrospective study was performed and 82 hospitalized fasted IBD patients [male/female=58/24,(39.4±14.5)years] who received TPN entered the study.Among them,38 patients had ulcerative colitis(UC)and 44 patients suffered from Crohn`s disease(CD).Clinical data(gender,age,duration of disease,history of disease,prednisone,immuno-suppressor,and antibiotics)were obtained from medical records.Nutritional parameters,C-creative protein(CRP),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)before and after TPN were also obtained.Average caloric supplementation by TPN was(4 437.3±1 199.1)kJ/d and the nitrogen amount was(9.9±1.7)g/d.Median PN length was 15 days(7-54 days).67 IBD patients received a TPN formula with glutamine(≥14 d,25 patients vs.0-14 d,42 patients)and 15 IBD subjects received TPN without glutamine.Malnutrition was diagnosed by body mass index(BMI)and serum albumin level.Results The prevalence of undernutrition was 90.2％(74/82)in the study population.CD patients had a significantly longer history of disease [84(3-288)months vs.24(1-324)months,P<0.001] and a significantly lower BMI [(15.6±1.8)kg/m2 vs.(19.1±3.5)kg/m2,P<0.001] compared with those in UC patients.TPN improved nutritional parameters [serum albumin:(28.7±6.6)g/L before TPN vs.(31.7±5.8)g/L after TPN,P<0.001;pre-albumin:(174.1±85.5)mg/L before TPN vs.(227.2±82.8)mg/L after TPN,P<0.001].Conclusions TPN improves nutritional status in hospitalized fasted IBD patients.However,prospective randomized controlled trials are required to estimate the role of low-to-middle dosage of glutamine in IBD patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of three different impression methods on the marginal fit of all-ceramic crowns. The three methods include scanning silicone rubber impression, cast models, and direct optical impression.

METHODSThe polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material of a mandibular first molar in standard model was prepared with 16 models duplicated. The all-ceramic crowns were prepared using three different impression methods. Accurate impressions were made using silicone rubber, and the cast models were obtained. The PMMA models, silicone rubber impressions, and cast models were scanned, and digital models of three groups were obtained to produce 48 zirconia all-ceramic crowns with computer aided design/computer aided manufacture. The marginal fit of these groups was measured by silicone rubber gap impression. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 17.0 software.

RESULTSThe marginal fit of direct optical impression groups, silicone rubber impression groups, cast model groups was (69.18±9.47), (81.04±10.88), (84.42±9.96) µm. A significant difference was observed in the marginal fit of the direct optical impression groups and the other groups (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the marginal fit of the silicone rubber impression groups and the cast model groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONAll marginal measurement sites are clinically acceptable by the three different impression scanning methods. The silicone rubber impression scanning method can be used for all-ceramic restorations.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum ferritin and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in obese children.Methods Obese children aged 6 to 14 years old were enrolled.Duration of obesity, anthropometric parameters (height, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference), bioelectrical impedance analysis (body fat), serological parameters (liver transaminases, lipid metabolism, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, serum ferritin) and liver ultrasonography were recorded.Insulin resistance (IR) index was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).All subjects were divided into 3 groups according to liver ultrasound and liver transaminases : simple obese children (SOC) group, obese children with nonalcoholic simple fatty liver (NAFL) group and obese children with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) group.Results 86 obese children entered the study, with a mean age of (10.4 ± 1.9) years, including 26 in the SOC group, 28 in the NAFL group and 32 in the NASH group.Waist circumference standard deviation score (SDS or Z-score), waist-to-hip ratio, HOMA-IR index and serum ferritin in the NASH group were obviously higher than those in the NAFL group [2.3 ± 0.3 vs.2.1 ± 0.3, P =0.020;1.0 ± 0.0 vs.0.9 ± 0.1,P=0.014;4.0±1.7 vs.2.9±1.8, P=0.006;(104.1 ±49.6) μg/Lvs.(68.4 ±22.7) μg/L, P=0.004] and the SOC group [2.3 ±0.3 vs.1.9 ±0.3, P=0.000;1.0±0.0vs.0.9 ±0.1, P=0.012;4.0 ±1.7 vs.2.5 ±1.6, P=0.001;(104.1 ±49.6) μg/Lvs.(59.2 ±28.9) μg/L, P=0.001], while there was no significant difference in body mass index Z-score [2.8 ± 0.5 vs.2.7 ± 0.6, P =0.524;2.8 ± 0.5 vs.2.7 ± 0.6, P =0.662].There were no significant differences between the NAFL group and the SOC group in the above indicators [2.1 ±0.3 vs.1.9 ±0.3, P =0.260;0.9 ±0.1 vs.0.9 ±0.1, P =0.952;2.9 ± 1.8vs.2.5±1.6, P=0.283;(68.4±22.7) μg/Lvs.(59.2±28.9) μg/L, P=0.161].Mter controlling age, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, triglyceride, and HOMA-IR index, serum ferritin was still positively correlated with the magnitude of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in obese children (r =0.335, P =0.002).Conclusion Serum ferritin is probably an independent risk factor for NASH in obese children.

Objective??To?investigate?the?effect?of?three?different?impression?methods?on?the?marginal?fit?of?all-ceramic?crowns.?The?three?methods?include?scanning?silicone?rubber?impression,?cast?models,?and?direct?optical?impression. Methods?The?polymethyl?methacrylate?(PMMA)?material?of?a?mandibular?first?molar?in?standard?model?was?prepared?with?16?models?duplicated.?The?all-ceramic?crowns?were?prepared?using?three?different?impression?methods.?Accurate?impressions?were?made?using?silicone?rubber,?and?the?cast?models?were?obtained.?The?PMMA?models,?silicone?rubber?impressions,?and?cast?models?were?scanned,?and?digital?models?of?three?groups?were?obtained?to?produce?48?zirconia?all-ceramic?crowns?with?computer?aided?design/computer?aided?manufacture.?The?marginal?fit?of?these?groups?was?measured?by?silicone?rubber?gap?impression.?Statistical?analysis?was?performed?with?SPSS?17.0?software.?Results??The?marginal?fit?of?direct?optical?impression?groups,?silicone rubber impression groups, cast model groups was (69.18±9.47), (81.04±10.88), (84.42±9.96)μm. A significant diffe-rence?was?observed?in?the?marginal?fit?of?the?direct?optical?impression?groups?and?the?other?groups?(P<0.05).?No?statistically?significant?difference?was?observed?in?the?marginal?fit?of?the?silicone?rubber?impression?groups?and?the?cast?model?groups?(P>0.05).?Conclusion??All?marginal?measurement?sites?are?clinically?acceptable?by?the?three?different?impression?scanning?methods.?The?silicone?rubber?impression?scanning?method?can?be?used?for?all-ceramic?restorations.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between birth weight and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) in Chinese primary school students. Methods A cross-section study was conducted in ifve elementary schools in Gao Hang Town, Shanghai and 2163 students were enrolled in the study (1120 boys/1043 girls). Height, body weight, waist circumference and per-cent of body fat (bioelectrical impedance analysis) were measured by professional nutritionist after training. Birth weight, feeding pattern, height and body weight of parents were obtained by a self-completed questionnaire. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultra-sound. The risk factors of NAFLD were analyzed. Results The prevalence of NAFLD in the study population was 8.9%. The prevalence of NAFLD was signiifcantly higher in boys than that in girls (12.5%vs 5.0%, P<0.01). Logistic regression showed that sex (OR=1.97, 95%CI:1.21-3.21) and percent of body fat (OR=1.12, 95%CI:1.07-1.17) were the risk factors of NAFLD, and normal BMI was the protective factor of NAFLD (OR=0.09, 95%CI:0.04-0.19) in the study population. Conclusions The pre-valence of NAFLD is higher in boys than that in girls. Also overweight, and high percent of body fat are risk factors of NAFLD in children.

Objective To design a device for prevention of foot drop and explore the effects.Method A device was designed and made using elastic sock,elastic bandage and wools to prevent foot drops in 18 patients in bed for long term combined with motion functional deficit in lower limbs.Result None of the 18 patients contracted with foot drop,with limb function score of(66.11±9.89). There was statistical difference between discharge and admission(P<0.05).Conclusions The self-designed device is effective in the prevention of foot drop in the patients sleep in bed for long term combined with motion function deficits in lower limbs.It is easy and useful for the enhancement of the function of their limbs.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of central venous catheters (CVC) colonization.Methods A retrospective study was performed on adult patients with CVCs placement in Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2006 to March 2010.Clinical data,catheter-related information (including duration of catheter placement,position and purpose of catheterization,and whether or not out-of-ward catheterization),catheter culture results,and prevalence of catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI)was collected.Results A total of 651 patients aged 18 to 97 years (median:63 years) were enrolled in the study,in whom 762 CVC were placed.The median duration of catheter placement was 1 1 days (2 to 122 days)and the total duration of CVC placement was 10 725 days.The prevalence of catheter colonization was 16％(122/762),and 134 germs were cultured.Gram-positive cocci was the most common colonized bactera (52.2％,70/122),followed by gram-negative bacilli (33.6％,45/122) and fungi (14.2％,19/122).Overall 13 CRBSI were confirmed and the rate of CRBSI was 1.21/1000 catheter-days.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for CVC colonization included mechanical ventilation [odds ratio (OR) =1.783,95％ confidence interval (Cl) =1.108 ～2.870],serum albumin concentration less than 25 g/L before catheterization (OR =1.783,95％ Cl =1.357 ～ 6.757),prolonged duration of catheter placement (OR =1.105,95％ Cl =1.009 ～ 1.111),and out-of-ward catheterization (OR =2.837,95％ Cl =1.010 ～7.969).Conclusion Patients with prolonged duration of catheter placement and out-of-ward catheterization are inclined to CVC colonization.