Nursing education has undergone a significant transformation as a result of artificial intelligence (AI). Chatbots, specifically ChatGPT, have emerged as vital AI technologies within the nursing domain as it is a computer program designed to simulate human conversation through text or voice interactions. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to gain insights into the publication trends, citation impact, and thematic evolution in nursing education and practice concerning ChatGPT and chatbots. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSViewer, concentrating on citation networks for data analysis and visualisation. A review of LENS.org identified 344 relevant research publications regarding chatbots and ChatGPT within the nursing discipline, all of which were utilised in the study. The study examined various aspects, including types of publications, prominent authors, leading journals, participating nations, institutions, and the impact of ChatGPT on nursing practice. The primary objectives included categorising the papers, identifying the most influential authors, delineating the prominent areas and institutions in the field, and examining the impact of ChatGPT on nursing education and practice. The findings indicate that ChatGPT positively impacts nursing education by enhancing learning experiences, improving communication, and aiding clinical decision-making. The findings indicate that journal articles accounted for 76% of publications, with the U.S. leading in research output. The findings indicate that ChatGPT positively impacts nursing education by enhancing learning experiences, improving communication, and aiding clinical decision-making. Future research should focus on establishing frameworks for integrating ChatGPT into nursing education, addressing ethical implications, and assessing the long-term impacts on patient care.

Background and Objectives: Auditory sensory gating deficits are abnormalities in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that may lead to sensory processing difficulties. It is particularly difficult for children with ASD to distinguish multiple auditory stimuli, which hinders them from focusing on a single auditory stimulus and separating unnecessary sounds. Suppression of otoacoustic emission (OAE) is an approach used to identify sensory gating deficits in the general population, specifically for children with ASD. This study aimed to investigate the suppression effect of various types of sound suppressors to measure their sensory gating capacity in children with ASD. Subjects and Methods: Twenty children including 10 with ASD and 10 normally developing children aged 6-12 years were recruited for this study. One accessible ear was exposed to transient-evoked OAE, whereas the other was exposed to suppressor tones. Contralateral suppressors included white noise, Quranic recitations, environmental noise, and natural sound. The magnitude of OAE suppression was determined from the difference between the OAE amplitude with and without the masker (in dB sound pressure levels) for all sound types. The sound with the highest suppression effect was determined using effect size calculation and repeated-measures analysis of variance at a 95% confidence level. A high suppression effect may suggest a high sensory gating performance, whereas low suppression may indicate low sensory gating performance. Results: Based on the analysis, the sound with the highest suppression effect was that of the waterfall. The suppression results were supported by descriptive analysis findings and effect-size calculations. Conclusions This study provides a better understanding of the alternative sound stimuli, besides the standard white noise tone, for the assessment of sensory gating deficits among children with ASD. Sounds with a high suppression effect have the potential to be used as sound therapy interventions for children with ASD as part of rehabilitation and therapy.

Background and Objectives: Auditory sensory gating deficits are abnormalities in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that may lead to sensory processing difficulties. It is particularly difficult for children with ASD to distinguish multiple auditory stimuli, which hinders them from focusing on a single auditory stimulus and separating unnecessary sounds. Suppression of otoacoustic emission (OAE) is an approach used to identify sensory gating deficits in the general population, specifically for children with ASD. This study aimed to investigate the suppression effect of various types of sound suppressors to measure their sensory gating capacity in children with ASD. Subjects and Methods: Twenty children including 10 with ASD and 10 normally developing children aged 6-12 years were recruited for this study. One accessible ear was exposed to transient-evoked OAE, whereas the other was exposed to suppressor tones. Contralateral suppressors included white noise, Quranic recitations, environmental noise, and natural sound. The magnitude of OAE suppression was determined from the difference between the OAE amplitude with and without the masker (in dB sound pressure levels) for all sound types. The sound with the highest suppression effect was determined using effect size calculation and repeated-measures analysis of variance at a 95% confidence level. A high suppression effect may suggest a high sensory gating performance, whereas low suppression may indicate low sensory gating performance. Results: Based on the analysis, the sound with the highest suppression effect was that of the waterfall. The suppression results were supported by descriptive analysis findings and effect-size calculations. Conclusions This study provides a better understanding of the alternative sound stimuli, besides the standard white noise tone, for the assessment of sensory gating deficits among children with ASD. Sounds with a high suppression effect have the potential to be used as sound therapy interventions for children with ASD as part of rehabilitation and therapy.

Background and Objectives: Auditory sensory gating deficits are abnormalities in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that may lead to sensory processing difficulties. It is particularly difficult for children with ASD to distinguish multiple auditory stimuli, which hinders them from focusing on a single auditory stimulus and separating unnecessary sounds. Suppression of otoacoustic emission (OAE) is an approach used to identify sensory gating deficits in the general population, specifically for children with ASD. This study aimed to investigate the suppression effect of various types of sound suppressors to measure their sensory gating capacity in children with ASD. Subjects and Methods: Twenty children including 10 with ASD and 10 normally developing children aged 6-12 years were recruited for this study. One accessible ear was exposed to transient-evoked OAE, whereas the other was exposed to suppressor tones. Contralateral suppressors included white noise, Quranic recitations, environmental noise, and natural sound. The magnitude of OAE suppression was determined from the difference between the OAE amplitude with and without the masker (in dB sound pressure levels) for all sound types. The sound with the highest suppression effect was determined using effect size calculation and repeated-measures analysis of variance at a 95% confidence level. A high suppression effect may suggest a high sensory gating performance, whereas low suppression may indicate low sensory gating performance. Results: Based on the analysis, the sound with the highest suppression effect was that of the waterfall. The suppression results were supported by descriptive analysis findings and effect-size calculations. Conclusions This study provides a better understanding of the alternative sound stimuli, besides the standard white noise tone, for the assessment of sensory gating deficits among children with ASD. Sounds with a high suppression effect have the potential to be used as sound therapy interventions for children with ASD as part of rehabilitation and therapy.

The use of fresh versus frozen spermatozoa in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been a debated hot topic among reproductive specialists. Each approach presents distinct advantages and disadvantages, with fresh sperm typically showing superior sperm quality, while frozen sperm offers logistical flexibility and a reliable backup for repeated cycles. This review summarizes the latest advancements in sperm retrieval and cryopreservation techniques, providing practitioners with a comprehensive analysis of each option's strengths and limitations. Comparative studies indicate that, although fresh sperm often has better quality metrics, cryopreservation methods such as vitrification have significantly improved postthaw outcomes, making frozen sperm a viable choice in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The findings show comparable rates for fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth between fresh and frozen microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) sperm in many cases, although patient-specific factors such as timing, cost-effectiveness, and procedural convenience should guide the final decision. Ultimately, the choice of using fresh or frozen sperm should align with the individual needs and conditions of patients. This tailored approach, supported by the latest advancements, can optimize ART outcomes and provide personalized reproductive care.
Humans ; Cryopreservation/methods* ; Male ; Sperm Retrieval ; Semen Preservation/methods* ; Azoospermia/therapy* ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Spermatozoa ; Microdissection ; Pregnancy Rate

Dengue remains a public health threat that consumes a significant number of resources for its prevention and control. This systematic review aimed to solidify recent costing evidence in dengue management among South East Asian (SEA) countries. All studies conducted between 2010 and 2020 were retrieved using four international databases i.e. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Emerald Insight. The review was reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Quality assessments were done independently by two reviewers using a checklist adapted for the cost of illness studies. We identified 13 original articles representing several SEA countries. Among the common reported costing measure include total cost/ health expenditure; direct medical cost; direct non-medical cost; and indirect cost. The estimated total cost for dengue management varied between countries largely due to the difference in the total incidence of dengue cases. The estimated cost spent on dengue per capita GDP ranges from less than 0.001% to 0.1%, depending on the recorded number of dengue cases of the year. The majority of the articles focused on the economic burden from the perspective of treatment such as hospitalization and ambulatory care. In a nutshell, the economic burden of managing dengue infection is costly and the evidence suggests a steady increase in health expenditure with the growing number of dengue cases

Environmental Determinants in Sustaining the Transmission of Lymphatic Filariasis: A Systematic Review IntroductionSince mass drug administration continues in many of the endemic countries, it is vital to synthesise evidence to adapt the challenges contributed by the environments. As such, the aim of this review was to explore relationship between lymphatic filariasis prevalence and potential environmental determinants .MethodsWe searched the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus between Jan 1, 2013, and Dec 31, 2022, for studies fulfilling the following criteria: it was an original article investigating the environmental determinants associated with transmission of lymphatic filariasis; and the study was published in English. The quality assessment tools for observational studies from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute was used to assess the study quality. This systematic review was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42023393018).ResultsWe identified 409 potentially eligible published articles, of which 11 met our inclusion criteria. The main environmental determinants associated with lymphatic filariasis transmission were Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land cover, distance to waterbody, rainfall/precipitation, elevation, slope, day land surface temperature, average annual temperature, house type and distance to stable light. ConclusionsThis review is one of the steps towards understanding the associations between environmental determinantsand transmission of lymphatic filariasis. These results can be used in future evidence-based strategies to strengthen surveillance and control strategies.

Socio-Ecological Framework on Risk of Prolonged Dengue Outbreak in Seremban District: A Qualitative Study IntroductionA prolonged duration of a dengue outbreak in a locality poses a detrimental risk to the susceptible population. There have been limited studies looking into the socio-ecological factors that can be modified to break the chain of transmission. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and identify the socio-ecological attributes experienced by the health authority in the Seremban district.MethodsA qualitative study was performed using an in-depth interview (IDI) technique based on semi-structured questionnaires. Results were thematically analysed when theoretical saturation was achieved.ResultsA total of 12 respondents participated in this study, representing various backgrounds and involved in dengue control activities. There were nine modifiable socio-ecological themes generated, namely (1) illegal dumpsite, (2) illegal gardens, (3) illegal man-made structures, (4) old unused items, (5) idle damaged vehicles, (6) construction site, (7) drainage system, (8) physical structure, and (9) lack of community engagement. A model framework was conceptualised from the analysis. The health authority identified that these issues require urgent attention and collaborative action by various stakeholders.ConclusionThe identified socio-ecological factors have been a challenge for the health authority. Nevertheless, identifying these attributes signifies the key to tackling the prolonged duration of the dengue outbreak. Ultimately, a multi-agency approach and community participation are vital to ensure a sustainable vector control program.

Introduction: Delays in case-based surveillance are a significant obstacle to eliminating malaria. This study aims to optimise the current electronic malaria information system (eMIS), which uses an eMIS android-based mobile. Method: Qualitative research was conducted in the Lahat District, South Sumatra Province. We select informants directly involved in, or playing a role in, malaria control activities, such as program managers at community health centres (Puskemas) and health services. The system is built using the Framework for the Application of Systems Techniques (FAST), a structured method for analysing complex systems. It helps professionals break down problems, uncover hidden relationships, and make better decisions. FAST is widely used in engineering, project management, and business process optimisation to tackle complex challenges and improve problem-solving. Results: The paper revealed suggestions for designing and optimising the current eMIS. One recommended method for overcoming the obstacles is to optimise an eMIS Android-based mobile for malaria reporting. Eight key informants participated in the interviews. The main obstacles by key informants are the free time available for giving deep information and annoyance from outside during interviews due to their other activities. Hence, the researchers made appointments with informants and interviewed in a particular room, not the informant’s office. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that eMIS android-based mobile is a better refinement of the current eMIS based on PC to support malaria surveillance for malaria elimination programs in an endemic area. Data entry with an eMIS android-based mobile is faster, more accurate, and allows real-time collaboration, outperforming sheet applications.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health concern. Globally, TB is among the top 10 and the leading cause of death due to a single infectious agent. Providing standard anti-TB therapy for at least 6 months is recommended as one of the crucial strategies to control the TB epidemic. However, the long duration of TB treatment raised the issue of non-adherence. Non-adherence to TB therapy could negatively affect clinical and public health outcomes. Thus, directly observed therapy (DOT) has been introduced as a standard strategy to improve anti-TB medication adherence. Nonetheless, the DOT approach has been criticized due to inconvenience, stigma, reduced economic productivity, and reduced quality of life, which ultimately could complicate adherence issues. Apart from that, its effectiveness in improving anti-TB adherence is debatable. Therefore, digital technology could be an essential tool to enhance the implementation of DOT. Incorporating the health belief model (HBM) into digital technology can further increase its effectiveness in changing behavior and improving medication adherence. This article aimed to review the latest evidence regarding TB medication non-adherence, its associated factors, DOT’s efficacy and its alternatives, and the use of digital technology and HBM in improving medication adherence. This paper used the narrative review methodology to analyze related articles to address the study objectives. Conventional DOT has several disadvantages in TB management. Integrating HBM in digital technology development is potentially effective in improving medication adherence. Digital technology provides an opportunity to improve medication adherence to overcome various issues related to DOT implementation.