Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of kindergarten teach-ers'participation in training for preschool sex education in Luzhou city,and provide a basis for improving the sex education literacy of kindergarten teachers in the future.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling meth-od was adopted,and a questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022 on the knowl-edge,attitude,and practice of preschool sex education among all the teachers in 24 kindergartens in Luzhou city.Results Among the 461 teachers,43.0％had participated in lectures/courses/training activities related to pre-school sex education;99.1％hoped to participate in lectures/courses/training activities related to preschool sex education;82.6％learned about child sexual knowledge through school education;75.5％expressed the hope to learn about child sexual knowledge through expert training.The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that except private kindergartens as an inhibiting factor(OR=0.57,95％CI=0.37-0.87,P=0.008),high monthly income(OR=3.52,95％CI=1.13-9.30,P=0.011),more ways to know about sex education knowledge(OR=2.87,95％CI=1.76-4.70,P＜0.001),and social support(OR=1.58,95％CI=1.04-2.38,P=0.030)were promoting factors for teachers to participate in the training for preschool sex educa-tion.Conclusions The kindergarten teachers presented a participation rate but a high demand for the training for preschool sex education.They mainly obtain the sex education knowledge from school education.The nature of kindergarten,monthly income of teachers,social support situation,and ways of understanding sex education knowledge are the key factors influencing the teachers'participation in the training for preschool sex education.

【Objective】 To analyze the basic characteristics of whole blood donors from blood stations before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. 【Methods】 After excluding invalid data, data related to the basic characteristics of whole blood donors collected from 26 blood stations in China during 2018 to 2021 were statistically analyzed, including the trend of total whole blood donors, the number of repeated blood donors, the frequency of blood donation, the average age of donors and the recruitment of first-time blood donors. 【Results】 Affected by the epidemic, 8 out of 14 indicators were with large variations, accounting for 57%. The overall growth rate of total whole blood donors during the epidemic was higher than before the epidemic (P<0.05).The number of repeated blood donors has shown an increased trend, with a higher number during the epidemic than before (P<0.05). The frequency of blood donation was lower during the epidemic than before(P<0.05).Average ages of blood donors and female blood donors fluctuated widely during the epidemic, both higher than those before the epidemic(P<0.05).The donation rate of first-time blood donors <25 years old and ≥25 years old varied widely and irregularly during the epidemic (both P<0.05). The percentage of first-time blood donors fluctuated irregularly during the epidemic, with overall percentage lower than that before the epidemic(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Whole blood donors from 26 blood stations increased after the outbreak of COVID-19, and some indicators in certain areas showed significant fluctuations during the epidemic.

Adult ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Pneumonia ; Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology* ; Hospitalization

Objective To develop a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for determination of cinnamic acid in the decoction of cinnamon, and investigate the effect of different storage temperature and time for the stability of cinnamic acid. Methods An HPLC- DAD method was established. Separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with 0.1% formic-acetonitrile acid water solution (60:40) as the mobile phase by isocratic elution. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, the temperature of column was 25 ℃, the injection volume was 5 μl, the detective UV wave length was 275 nm. The decoction were stored under refrigerated temperature (4 ℃) ambient temperature (25 ℃) and high temperature (40 ℃). The cinnamic acid was detected after 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 30 d. Results Cinnamic acid was successfully separated by this method, with good linear relationship between 10.21-204.20 μg/ml. The precision, repeatability, stability and recovery were good. Compared with the zero day, the content of cinnamic acid in the decoction of cinnamon decreased significantly (P<0.01) after 21 days and 30 days of ambient temperature storage and after 14 days, 21 days and 30 days of high temperature storage, but no significant change was found in the other groups (P>0.05). Conclusion This HPLC-DAD method had good stability and repeatability. Cinnamic acid was stable in the decoction of cinnamon for 30 days under refrigerated temperature.

Objective Toevaluatehysterosalpingography(HSG)and MRImanifestationsofintrauterineadhesion(IUA).Methods 40patientswithIUAconfirmedbyhysteroscopyunderwentHSGand MRIexamination.Wefoundoutthefeaturesofthoseimages, andworkedoutthedetectablerateofeachexamination.Results Inall40patients,19patientsweremildIUAprovedbyhysteroscopy,in which10patientswerediscoveredbyHSG,10patientsby MRIT2WI,16patientsby MRICUBE.16patientsweremiddleIUA,in which9patientswerediscoveredbyHSG,10patientsbyMRIT2WI,16patientsbyMRICUBE.5patientsweresevereIUA,allpatients werediscoveredbyHSG,MRIT2WIand MRICUBE.Andinallcases,therewere12casesofmembraneadhesions,inwhich5cases wereshowninHSG,8casesinMRIT2WIand10casesinMRICUBE.23caseswerefibrousadhesions,inwhich12caseswereshown in HSG,17casesinMRIT2WIand22casesinMRICUBE.5patientsweremuscularadhesions,allpatientswerediscoveredbyHSG, MRIT2WIandMRICUBE.Conclusion ComparingtoHSG,MRIexaminationshowshigherdetectablerateofIUA.MRICUBEsequences playsanimportantpartinthediagnosisofIUA.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of domestic electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) guided transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) for peripheral pulmonary lesions.Methods Sixty-four patients with peripheral pulmonary lesions shown by thoracic CT in Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University between Jul.and Dec.,2014 were collected.The patients were randomly assigned to test group (underwent ENB in combination with X-ray guided TBLB) and control group (underwent X-ray guided TBLB).The final diagnosis was confirmed by pathologic examination of surgically removed lesions or by 24 months clinical follow-up.The operative time as well as the intraoperative and postoperative complications were also recorded.Results Sixty-four patients had 70 peripheral pulmonary lesions.There was no difference in age,sex,the lesion size or location between the two groups.Pathology results showed that the diagnostic yield of test group and control group were 88.6％ and 62.9％,respectively,with statistical significance (P =0.012).Subgroup analysis showed that if the lesion's diameter was ≤2 cm,the diagnosis yield of test group was higher than control group (66.7％ vs.20.0％,P =0.266);if the lesion was ＞2 and ≤3 cm,the diagnosis yield of test group and control group were 100 ％ and 81.8 ％,respectively (P =0.485).But if the lesion was＞3 cm,the diagnostic yield of the 2 group was significantly different (94.4 ％ in test group,63.1％ in control group,P =0.042).Mean operation duration of the 2 group was (966 ± 372)s and (1 040 ± 470) s,respectively,with no statistical difference (P =0.600).However,there was statistical difference between the 2 groups on the X-ray time needed to find the pulmonary lessions [(7.0 ± 4.8)s vs.(37.0 ± 37.5) s,P =0.008).There was no pneumothoraxes and excessive bleeding in patients undergoing ENB.Conclusions Compared with X-ray guide TBLB,ENB guided TBLB for peripheral pulmonary lesions has a certain degree of security,and has superiority in reducing the X-ray time required to find the lesion and improving diagnostic yield especially when the lesion's diameter was ＞3 cm.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage( BAL) on respiratory function and arterial blood gas of pneumoconiosis patients. METHODS: The published literatures about relationship between BAL and respiratory function and arterial blood gas in pneumoconiosis patients from China National Knowledge Internet,Wanfang Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chinese Journal Database,Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science Database and the Cochrane Library Database and so on from 2000 to 2016 were retrieved,collected,and screened by using bibliometric method. The data was analyzed by Meta analysis with the help of Rev Man 5. 0 software. The weighted mean difference( MD) and 95%confidence interval( CI) were calculated on selected literatures. RESULTS: A total of 20 articles were selected and used.The forced vital capacity( FVC)( MD = 0. 21,95% CI: 0. 04-0. 37),the forced expiratory volume in one second( FEV1)( MD = 0. 12,95% CI: 0. 01-0. 23),the maximum ventilatory volume( MD = 10. 73,95% CI: 3. 48-17. 98) and partial pressure of oxygen( MD = 8. 85,95% CI: 0. 30-17. 39) in the patients after BAL were higher than before( P < 0. 05),while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery( MD =-3. 58,95% CI:-5. 61--1. 55) decreased( P < 0. 01).Both of the FEV1/FVC( MD = 2. 08,95% CI:-6. 27-10. 43) and the FEV1%( MD = 0. 86,95% CI:-0. 55-2. 28)had not statistically significance before and after BAL( P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: BAL can improved respiratory function and arterial blood gas in pneumoconiosis patients.

Dysregulation of cell metabolism, especially glucose metabolism, is implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.Cancer cells uptake a large amount of glucose and prefer to perform glycolysis in the cytosol even under normal oxygen condition, which fuels fast cell growth and proliferation.Dysregulation of glucose metabolism leads to tumorigenesis and promotes cancer development.Conversely, the initiation and development of cancer reprograms glucose metabolism to confer cancer cells the ability to survive and proliferate.Oncogenes, tumor suppressors or non-coding RNAs could regulate glucose metabolism.Meanwhile, the enzymes and metabolites involved in glucose metabolism could regulate the expression of factors related to cancer.Enzymes, the direct executor of cell metabolism, play a key role in dysregulation of glucose metabolism, tumorigenesis and tumor development.

Objective To explore the effects of lead acetate on free radicals and lipid peroxidation in the cerebral cor?tex, cerebellum, and hippocampus in rat brains. Methods SD rats (n=48), who were just weaned, were randomly divided in?to 4 groups base on their weight. Then the rats were fed with lead acetate in drinking water at the final concentrations of 0 mg/L (deionized water), 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L, 800 mg/L respectively. Blood lead level as well as the hydroxyl free radical inhibiting activity, the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocam?pus were measured 60 days after lead contamination in water. Results Upon lead exposure, blood lead levels increased sig?nificantly as compared with the control. The hydroxyl free radical inhibiting activity in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hip?pocampus decreased significantly in a dose dependent manner of lead(P < 0.05). And they all correlated negatively with blood lead level (r=-0.505,-0.414,-0.448, P<0.05). By contrast, blood lead level was positively correlated with H2O2 and MDA in these brain tissues (r=0.301, 0.411, 0.378, and 0.404, 0.324, 0.510,P < 0.05). Conclusion Lead exposure can lead to lipid peroxidation of rat brain tissues through inducing free radicals.

Objective To investigate the expression of IgG4 in liver tissues of patients with type Ⅰ autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and to analyze the clinical manifestation,biochemical indexes,immunological genetic features,pathological characteristics and the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.Methods From March 2012 to July 2013,45 patients diagnosed as type Ⅰ AIH were enrolled.Immunostaining of CD38,IgG and IgG4 in liver tissue slices was performed,inflammation grade G and fibrosis stage S were determined.At the same time,serological indexes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),IgG,antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer,antibodies to asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPRAb)) of the patients were collected,serum IgG4 was tested and the response to immunosuppressive therapy was observed.Wilcoxon rank sum test and t test were performed for quantitative data comparison.Spearman correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis.Results Among 45 patients with type Ⅰ AIH,five patients (11.1％) were IgG4 associated AIH (IgG4-AIH group).There were no significant differences in age,gender,biochemical indexes (serum levels of ALT,AST,ALP),immunity indexes (serum levels of IgG,ANA titer,ASGPRAb) and degree of liver fibrosis between patients with IgG4-associated AIH and classical AIH (40 cases) (all P＞ 0.05).Compared with classical AIH group (18.3(6.7) mg/L).The serum level of IgG4 of IgG4 AIH group was 25.8(9.2) mg/L,which significantly increased (Z=-2.041,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in serum level of IgG4 between the two groups (P＞0.05).There was no correlation between the number of infiltrated IgG4 positive plasma cells and the serum level of IgG4 (r=0.311,P=0.279).The inflammation in the liver tissues of IgG4-AIH group was more significant compared with that of classic AIH group (H=4.120,P＜0.05).The number of CD38' or IgG+ plasma cells was larger compared with that of classical AIH (CD38(39.3(13.5)/high power field (HPF) vs (21.3(8.8))/HPF,IgG(39.3 (14.0))/HPFvs (18.5(8.9))/HPF;Z ＝-3.561 and-3.584,both P＜0.01).The number of IgG4+ plasma cells in liver tissues was positively correlated with the number of CD38+ or IgG+ plasma cells (r=0.884 and 0.791,both P＜0.01).Conclusions Among patients with type Ⅰ AIH,the incidence of IgG4-associated AIH was not high.The serum level of IgG4 did not significantly increase in these patients.However,the histological inflammation activity was significant along with many CD38+ or IgG+ plasma cells infiltration.