ObjectiveTo explore the protective effect of Shengxiantang on cardiac function and myocardial microvascular injury in rats with chronic heart failure （CHF）. MethodsThe CHF rat model was prepared by aortic arch constriction （TAC）. Of the 72 SD rats， 8 were randomly selected as the sham operation group， where the chest was opened without ligating the aortic arch. The 40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group， the Shengxiantang low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （5.1， 10.2， 20.4 g·kg^-1）， and the trimetazidine group （6.3 mg·kg^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. Drug administration began 4 weeks after modeling. The administration groups received the corresponding drugs by gavage， while the sham operation and model groups were given the same amount of distilled water for 8 consecutive weeks. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of nitric oxide （NO）， endothelin （ET-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and von Willebrand factor （vWF）. Ultrastructural changes of microvessels were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of ATP synthase subunit （ATP5D） and F-actin in myocardial tissue. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of occludin， claudin， vascular endothelial cadherin （VE-Cadherin）， and zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1）. Microvessel density was measured by immunofluorescence staining. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the ejection fraction （EF） and left ventricular shortening fraction （FS） in the model group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the left ventricular diastolic diameter （LVIDd）， left ventricular systolic diameter （LVIDs）， left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness （LVPWd）， left ventricular end-systolic posterior wall thickness （LVPWs）， left ventricular end-diastolic volume （LVVOLd）， and left ventricular end-systolic volume （LVVOLs） were significantly increased （P<0.01）. The levels of NO and VEGF were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the levels of ET-1 and vWF were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Under electron microscopy， the microvascular basement membrane was incomplete and the tight junctions were blurred. The expression levels of ATP5D， F-actin， occludin， claudin， ZO-1， and VE-Cadherin were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the relative density of microvessels was significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After intervention with Shengxiantang， the EF and FS of CHF rats significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the LVIDd， LVIDs， LVPWd， LVPWs， LVVOLd， and LVVOLs significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The levels of NO and VEGF significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the levels of ET-1 and vWF significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Under electron microscopy， the microvascular basement membrane was relatively complete and the tight junctions were more continuous. The expression levels of ATP5D， F-actin， occludin， claudin， ZO-1， and VE-Cadherin significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the relative density of microvessels significantly increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionShengxiantang can effectively improve the cardiac function of CHF rats， reduce microvascular endothelial injury， strengthen the connection between endothelial cells， and increase microvessel density， thereby protecting myocardial microvascular injury.

ObjectiveTo explore the protective effect of Shengxiantang on cardiac function and myocardial microvascular injury in rats with chronic heart failure （CHF）. MethodsThe CHF rat model was prepared by aortic arch constriction （TAC）. Of the 72 SD rats， 8 were randomly selected as the sham operation group， where the chest was opened without ligating the aortic arch. The 40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group， the Shengxiantang low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （5.1， 10.2， 20.4 g·kg^-1）， and the trimetazidine group （6.3 mg·kg^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. Drug administration began 4 weeks after modeling. The administration groups received the corresponding drugs by gavage， while the sham operation and model groups were given the same amount of distilled water for 8 consecutive weeks. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of nitric oxide （NO）， endothelin （ET-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and von Willebrand factor （vWF）. Ultrastructural changes of microvessels were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of ATP synthase subunit （ATP5D） and F-actin in myocardial tissue. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of occludin， claudin， vascular endothelial cadherin （VE-Cadherin）， and zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1）. Microvessel density was measured by immunofluorescence staining. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the ejection fraction （EF） and left ventricular shortening fraction （FS） in the model group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the left ventricular diastolic diameter （LVIDd）， left ventricular systolic diameter （LVIDs）， left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness （LVPWd）， left ventricular end-systolic posterior wall thickness （LVPWs）， left ventricular end-diastolic volume （LVVOLd）， and left ventricular end-systolic volume （LVVOLs） were significantly increased （P<0.01）. The levels of NO and VEGF were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the levels of ET-1 and vWF were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Under electron microscopy， the microvascular basement membrane was incomplete and the tight junctions were blurred. The expression levels of ATP5D， F-actin， occludin， claudin， ZO-1， and VE-Cadherin were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the relative density of microvessels was significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After intervention with Shengxiantang， the EF and FS of CHF rats significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the LVIDd， LVIDs， LVPWd， LVPWs， LVVOLd， and LVVOLs significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The levels of NO and VEGF significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the levels of ET-1 and vWF significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Under electron microscopy， the microvascular basement membrane was relatively complete and the tight junctions were more continuous. The expression levels of ATP5D， F-actin， occludin， claudin， ZO-1， and VE-Cadherin significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the relative density of microvessels significantly increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionShengxiantang can effectively improve the cardiac function of CHF rats， reduce microvascular endothelial injury， strengthen the connection between endothelial cells， and increase microvessel density， thereby protecting myocardial microvascular injury.

Objective:To delve deeply into the dynamic trajectories of cell subpopulations and the communication network among immune cell subgroups during the malignant progression of glioblastoma(GBM),and to endeavor to unearth key risk biomarkers in the GBM malignancy progression,so as to provide a more profound understanding for the treatment and prognosis of this disease by integrating tran-scriptomic data and clinical information of the GBM patients.Methods:Utilizing single-cell sequencing data analysis,we constructed a cell subgroup atlas during the malignant progression of GBM.The Mono-cle2 tool was employed to build dynamic progression trajectories of the tumor cell subgroups in GBM.Through gene enrichment analysis,we explored the biological processes enriched in genes that significant-ly changed with the malignancy progression of GBM tumor cell subpopulations.CellChat was used to identify the communication network between the different immune cell subgroups.Survival analysis helped in identifying risk molecular markers that impacted the patient prognosis during the malignant pro-gression of GBM.This methodological approach offered a comprehensive and detailed examination of the cellular and molecular dynamics within GBM,providing a robust framework for understanding the disease's progression and potential therapeutic targets.Results:The analysis of single-cell sequencing data identified 6 different cell types,including lymphocytes,pericytes,oligodendrocytes,macrophages,glioma cells,and microglia.The 27 151 cells in the single-cell dataset included 3 881 cells from the pa-tients with low-grade glioma(LGG),10 166 cells from the patients with newly diagnosed GBM,and 13 104 cells from the patients with recurrent glioma(rGBM).The pseudo-time analysis of the glioma cell subgroups indicated significant cellular heterogeneity during malignant progression.The cell interaction analysis of immune cell subgroups revealed the communication network among the different immune sub-groups in GBM malignancy,identifying 22 biologically significant ligand-receptor pairs across 12 key bio-logical pathways.Survival analysis had identified 8 genes related to the prognosis of the GBM patients,among which SERPINE1,COL6A1,SPP1,LTF,C1S,AEBP1,and SAA1L were high-risk genes in the GBM patients,and ABCC8 was low-risk genes in the GBM patients.These findings not only provided new theoretical bases for the treatment of GBM,but also offered fresh insights for the prognosis assessment and treatment decision-making for the GBM patients.Conclusion:This research comprehensively and pro-foundly reveals the dynamic changes in glioma cell subpopulations and the communication patterns among the immune cell subgroups during the malignant progression of GBM.These findings are of significant im-portance for understanding the complex biological processes of GBM,providing crucial new insights for precision medicine and treatment decisions in GBM.Through these studies,we hope to provide more ef-fective treatment options and more accurate prognostic assessments for the patients with GBM.

OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate extract from Mimosa pudica root （ethyl acetate extract for short） on acute myeloid leukemia in mice. METHODS Different concentrations of ethyl acetate extract （0.062 5， 0.125， 0.25， 0.5 mg/mL） were used to treat acute myelomonocytic leukemia cell lines WEHI-3， and their effects on cell viability were investigated. Fifty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into blank control group， model group， positive control group （5- fluorouracil， 13 mg/kg）， and ethyl acetate extract low-dose and high-dose groups （50， 200 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank control group， the leukemia model was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of WEHI-3 cells in other groups， and from the second day of modeling， corresponding drugs/water were orally administered once a day for 14 consecutive days. After the last administration， the liver and spleen indexes of mice were measured， and liver tissue pathological morphology observation， hematological analysis， and white blood cell differentiation detection were performed； the levels of cytokine [interleukin-2 （IL-2）， IL-3， interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）] in serum were determined； the levels of leukocyte surface markers [cluster of differentiation 3 （CD3）， CD19， CD11b， CD107b （Mac-3）] in whole blood were all detected. RESULTS After treated with 0.062 5-0.5 mg/mL ethyl acetate， the inhibition rate of cell proliferation were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. After intervention with high-dose ethyl acetate， the liver and spleen index， serum level of TNF-α， the levels of CD11b and Mac-3 in blood were significantly reduced （P＜0.05）， while serum levels of IL-2， IL-3 and IFN-γ， and the levels of CD3 and CD19 in blood were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Occasional lymphocyte infiltration was present in the liver parenchyma， with almost no infiltration of inflammatory cells； hematology improvement and weakened white blood cell differentiation were found. CONCLUSIONS The ethyl acetate extract of M. pudica root can inhibit the proliferation of WEHI-cells， and improve symptoms in acute myeloid leukemia mice， the mechanism of which may be associated with enhancing the immune function.

OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate extract from Mimosa pudica root （ethyl acetate extract for short） on acute myeloid leukemia in mice. METHODS Different concentrations of ethyl acetate extract （0.062 5， 0.125， 0.25， 0.5 mg/mL） were used to treat acute myelomonocytic leukemia cell lines WEHI-3， and their effects on cell viability were investigated. Fifty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into blank control group， model group， positive control group （5- fluorouracil， 13 mg/kg）， and ethyl acetate extract low-dose and high-dose groups （50， 200 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank control group， the leukemia model was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of WEHI-3 cells in other groups， and from the second day of modeling， corresponding drugs/water were orally administered once a day for 14 consecutive days. After the last administration， the liver and spleen indexes of mice were measured， and liver tissue pathological morphology observation， hematological analysis， and white blood cell differentiation detection were performed； the levels of cytokine [interleukin-2 （IL-2）， IL-3， interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）] in serum were determined； the levels of leukocyte surface markers [cluster of differentiation 3 （CD3）， CD19， CD11b， CD107b （Mac-3）] in whole blood were all detected. RESULTS After treated with 0.062 5-0.5 mg/mL ethyl acetate， the inhibition rate of cell proliferation were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. After intervention with high-dose ethyl acetate， the liver and spleen index， serum level of TNF-α， the levels of CD11b and Mac-3 in blood were significantly reduced （P＜0.05）， while serum levels of IL-2， IL-3 and IFN-γ， and the levels of CD3 and CD19 in blood were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Occasional lymphocyte infiltration was present in the liver parenchyma， with almost no infiltration of inflammatory cells； hematology improvement and weakened white blood cell differentiation were found. CONCLUSIONS The ethyl acetate extract of M. pudica root can inhibit the proliferation of WEHI-cells， and improve symptoms in acute myeloid leukemia mice， the mechanism of which may be associated with enhancing the immune function.

OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect and possible mechanism of soybean isoflavones against threatened miscarriage rats. METHODS Female mice were selected to promote estrus and mate with male mice. After pregnancy， they were randomly divided into normal group （purified water， i.g.， n＝10）， model group （purified water， i.g.， n＝9）， positive control drug group （progesterone 4 mg/kg， i.m.， n＝9）， low-， medium- and high-dose soybean isoflavone groups （25， 50 and 100 mg/kg， i.g.， n＝10）. Except for the normal group， the rest were given mifepristone+misoprostol on the 8th day of pregnancy to establish threatened miscarriage model， and then given purified water or drugs， once a day， on days 1-7 and 9-12 of pregnancy， respectively. At 14 days of pregnancy， the rates of fetal protection were counted. Serum levels of β-human chorionic gonadotrophin （β-HCG） and progesterone （P） in rats were detected. Pathological and morphological changes in rat placenta and decidua tissues were observed， and the apoptosis indexes of cells were detected； mRNA and protein expressions of factor of apoptosis related （Fas）， factor of apoptosis related ligand （FasL）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） and heparin binding epidermal growth factor （HB-EGF） were determined in placenta tissues， and mRNA and protein expressions of Fas， PCNA and HB-EGF in decidua tissues were detected. RESULTS In the model group， the placental tissues of rats were hyperemia and dilatation， with fewer and irregular blood vessels； severe stromal edema，inflammatory cell infiltration and iron-choledrin depositionwere observed. Compared with model group， the fetal survival rates， serum levels of β-HCG and P， the expressions of PCNA and HB-EGF mRNA and proteins in the placenta and decidua tissue of soybean isoflavone groups increased significantly （P＜ 0.05）， while pathological changes were improved significantly； cell apoptosis index in the placenta and decidua tissue， the expressions of Fas， FasL mRNA and proteins in the placenta and Fas mRNA and protein in the decidua tissue decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The effect of soybean isoflavones was dose-dependent （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Soybean isoflavone has protective effect on threatened miscarriage， the mechanism of which is related to down-regulating the expressions of Fas and FasL mRNA and protein at the maternal-fetal interface， and up-regulating the expressions of mRNA and protein of PCNA and HB- EGF.

Objective To investigate the current situation of preoperative nursing trust in total knee replacement patients and analyze the influencing factors.Methods Using convenience sampling method,138 patients who underwent total knee ar-throplasty in our department from October 2020 to September 2021 were selected as the research objects.The patients were inves-tigated by general information questionnaire,nurse-patient relationship trust scale(NPTs),self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and knee American Special Surgery scale(HSS),to explore the current situation and influencing factors of patient-nurse trust in pa-tients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Results The total score of preoperative trust of patients(136.75±7.93);Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative correlation with total anxiety score(r =-0.419,P＜0.01)and no correlation with knee function score(r=0.063,P＞0.05).The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the educational level,previous experience of hospitalization,and preoperative anxiety entered the regression equation(P＜0.05)explained 66.9% of the total variation.Conclusion In this group,the trust between nurses and patients in patients undergoing total knee arthroplas-ty is at the upper middle level,and is affected by education level,previous hospitalization experience and preoperative anxiety.Nurses should focus on patients with low education level,no previous hospitalization experience and high anxiety level,and carry out targeted intervention for theme,so as to reduce postoperative anxiety and improve postoperative function,Promote doctor-pa-tient relationship,reduce medical disputes and help patients recover as soon as possible.

Objective:To conduct quantitative evaluation on the revise requirements of Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace (GBZ 159-2004) , clarify the problems and suggestions during its implementation for improvement, and provide a basis for the revision of the standard.Methods:From April to September 2021, stratified convenient sampling method was adopted and semi-open questionnaire was used to investigate the occupational health personnel in CDC, occupational prevention and control institutes, employers, third-party technical service institutions and universitie. The entropy weight of each index and the score based on entropy weight of GBZ 159 were calculated. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to describe the correlation between the two indexes and radar chart was drawn for comprehensive evaluation.Results:A total of 151 questionnaires were received from the respondents, of which 147 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 97.35%, involving 29 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. The median G scores of the necessity and urgency of GBZ 159 revision based on entropy weight were 2.84 and 3.17, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( M=-25.50, P<0.001) . The trend of the score G of necessity and urgency based on entropy weight was basically the same for all secondary items ( rs=0.9998, P<0.001) , and the score G of urgency based on entropy weight was higher than that of necessity. The highest score G of necessity and urgency based on entropy weight was "3.13 long time sampling", which were 7.56 and 8.23 respectively. This was followed by "3.12 short time sampling", which were 7.19 and 7.13 respectively. Conclusion:GBZ 159 has encountered some new problems and challenges in the implementation process, and some of its technical indicators have been out of line with the actual practice of occupational health at present. These are the two items that urgently needs to be revised and improved, such as "3.13 long time sampling" and "3.12 short time sampling" and other items need to be revised and improved.

Objective:To study and compare the occupational exposure limits (OELs) of coal dust between China and foreign countries, understand the OEL of coal dust in China, and provide data and basis for revising the OEL of coal dust in China.Methods:In August 2023, by searching the official websites of limits setting institutions in relevant countries and regions at home and abroad, collecting and sorting out the OELs of coal dust issued by 10 limit setting institutions in 6 countries and the background information of the formulation, and conducting specific analysis on the classification, limit level and formulation principles of coal dust OEL in each country/institution.Results:In China and Japan, the total dust and respirable dust of coal dust OEL were established respectively, while in other countries, only the time-weighted average concentration (TWA) of respirable coal dust exposure was established. The TWA prescribed by China's Notional Health Commission, the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) , the United States Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and the Australian Safety Work Bureau when the SiO 2 content was less than 5% were 5, 2.4, 2 and 3 mg/m 3 respectively. China GBZ 2.1-2019 sets the limit of 2.5 mg/m 3 for respirable coal dust with SiO 2 content less than 10%. The TWA set by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the South African Department of Mines and Energy (DME) for anthracite coal were 0.4 and 0.8 mg/m 3, respectively, and bituminous coal or lignite were 0.9 and 1.8 mg/m 3, respectively. The respirable coal dust TWA set by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the United States was 1 mg/m 3, and the TWA set by the New Zealand Work Safety Authority was 3 mg/m 3. Conclusion:At present, the OEL of coal dust in China is at a relatively loose level, and it is suggested to further explore the possibility of revising coal dust OEL.

Systematically evaluate the implementation of Specifications of Air Sampling for Hazardous Substances Monitoring (GBZ 159-2004) , so as to provide technical basis for the future standard revision. The semi-structured interview method was used to interview the industry experts from centers for disease control and prevention, occupational disease prevention and control hospitals/institutes, employers, third-party technical service institutions and universities, and the induction method was used to refine the topics and relevant suggestions. Some technical indicators of GBZ 159 are not suitable for the current actual work of occupational health, and need to be revised and improved urgently. The revised GBZ 159 should comply with the current situation of China's industrial development and the development of occupational health testing equipment in the new era, and improve the relevant technical requirements of sampling quality control.