Objective To investigate the auditory effects of cochlear implantation in quiet and noisy environ-ments in children with different bilateral intervention modes,as well as the factors influencing these effects.Methods A total of 185 children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss were divided into three groups:bimodal hearing mode group(BIM,n=55),simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation group(SCI,n=70),and sequential bilateral cochlear implantation group(SBCI,n=60).The Parents' Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children(PEACH)was used to assess the PEACH scores of the three groups in quiet and noisy environments one year after binaural hearing aid intervention.Additionally,the effects of cochlear implantation age,preoperative residual hearing,hearing aid usage,rehabilitation training mode,family system,and other factors on auditory per-formance in quiet and noisy environments were analyzed.Results The PEACH scores in quiet environments were higher than those in noisy environments for all three groups(all P＜0.05).The SCI group had higher PEACH scores in both quiet and noisy environments compared to the BIM group(P＜0.05).Multifactorial analysis revealed differences in factors influencing auditory performance in quiet and noisy environments among the three groups.First cochlear implantation before 3 years of age,preoperative hearing aid usage,and home-based rehabilitation training mode were common favourable influencing factors for auditory performance in both environments.Preopera-tive residual hearing below 95 dB HL was an favourable influencing factor for auditory performance in quiet environ-ments in the BIM group.The higher the level of parental education,the better auditory performance in both quiet and noisy environments for the SCI and SBCI groups.Implantation interval of 24 months or less and hearing aid usage during the inter-implantation period were favourable influencing factors for auditory performance in both envi-ronments for the SBCI group.Conclusion Children with severe to profound prelingual deafness after simultaneous bilateral CI implantation had better hearing performance than bimodal listening in quiet and noise environments.Ear-ly implantation,preoperative or inter-implantation hearing aid usage are recommended to improve auditory perform-ance in noisy environments,regardless of the bilateral intervention mode.The interval between bilateral cochlear im-plantations should be less than 12 months.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of attention network function and its related factors in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) patients.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. 116 patients with binaural severe or higher SNHL who were hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January to July 2023 were selected by the objective sampling method, including 54 males and 62 females, aged from 4 to 56 years old. Demographic data such as patient gender, age, education level, place of residence, per capita monthly family income, caregiver′s education level and audiological and clinical data such as air conduction pure tone hearing threshold, age when hearing loss was first detected, whether hearing loss was gradually aggravated, hearing compensation mode, hearing compensation time, whether to participate in rehabilitation training, and rehabilitation time were collected through the general data questionnaire. The Attention Network Test was used to investigate three attention network functions in SNHL patients: alertness, orientation and executive control. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Univariate analysis showed that patients with postlingual deafness had lower executive control network score, patients with postlingual deafness, hearing loss gradually aggravated, hearing aid compensation, compensation time >5 years, and no rehabilitation learning had faster average response time, and patients with postlingual deafness, compensation time >5 years, and no rehabilitation learning had higher average accuracy ( P<0.05 for all). The results of multivariate analysis showed that patients aged 13-18 years, postlingual deafness and compensation time >5 years had faster average response time, and patients with compensation time >5 years and no rehabilitation learning had higher average accuracy ( P<0.05 for all). Conclusions:There is a general decline in attentional function and delayed development in patients with severe and above SNHL. No matter what mode of hearing compensation, timely and long-term hearing compensation intervention after hearing loss can effectively improve the attention network function, while the patients who do not participate in rehabilitation learning may improve their response accuracy by inhibiting interference and enhancing audio-visual interaction.

Objective To investigate the auditory effects of cochlear implantation in quiet and noisy environ-ments in children with different bilateral intervention modes,as well as the factors influencing these effects.Methods A total of 185 children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss were divided into three groups:bimodal hearing mode group(BIM,n=55),simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation group(SCI,n=70),and sequential bilateral cochlear implantation group(SBCI,n=60).The Parents' Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children(PEACH)was used to assess the PEACH scores of the three groups in quiet and noisy environments one year after binaural hearing aid intervention.Additionally,the effects of cochlear implantation age,preoperative residual hearing,hearing aid usage,rehabilitation training mode,family system,and other factors on auditory per-formance in quiet and noisy environments were analyzed.Results The PEACH scores in quiet environments were higher than those in noisy environments for all three groups(all P＜0.05).The SCI group had higher PEACH scores in both quiet and noisy environments compared to the BIM group(P＜0.05).Multifactorial analysis revealed differences in factors influencing auditory performance in quiet and noisy environments among the three groups.First cochlear implantation before 3 years of age,preoperative hearing aid usage,and home-based rehabilitation training mode were common favourable influencing factors for auditory performance in both environments.Preopera-tive residual hearing below 95 dB HL was an favourable influencing factor for auditory performance in quiet environ-ments in the BIM group.The higher the level of parental education,the better auditory performance in both quiet and noisy environments for the SCI and SBCI groups.Implantation interval of 24 months or less and hearing aid usage during the inter-implantation period were favourable influencing factors for auditory performance in both envi-ronments for the SBCI group.Conclusion Children with severe to profound prelingual deafness after simultaneous bilateral CI implantation had better hearing performance than bimodal listening in quiet and noise environments.Ear-ly implantation,preoperative or inter-implantation hearing aid usage are recommended to improve auditory perform-ance in noisy environments,regardless of the bilateral intervention mode.The interval between bilateral cochlear im-plantations should be less than 12 months.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of attention network function and its related factors in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) patients.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. 116 patients with binaural severe or higher SNHL who were hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January to July 2023 were selected by the objective sampling method, including 54 males and 62 females, aged from 4 to 56 years old. Demographic data such as patient gender, age, education level, place of residence, per capita monthly family income, caregiver′s education level and audiological and clinical data such as air conduction pure tone hearing threshold, age when hearing loss was first detected, whether hearing loss was gradually aggravated, hearing compensation mode, hearing compensation time, whether to participate in rehabilitation training, and rehabilitation time were collected through the general data questionnaire. The Attention Network Test was used to investigate three attention network functions in SNHL patients: alertness, orientation and executive control. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Univariate analysis showed that patients with postlingual deafness had lower executive control network score, patients with postlingual deafness, hearing loss gradually aggravated, hearing aid compensation, compensation time >5 years, and no rehabilitation learning had faster average response time, and patients with postlingual deafness, compensation time >5 years, and no rehabilitation learning had higher average accuracy ( P<0.05 for all). The results of multivariate analysis showed that patients aged 13-18 years, postlingual deafness and compensation time >5 years had faster average response time, and patients with compensation time >5 years and no rehabilitation learning had higher average accuracy ( P<0.05 for all). Conclusions:There is a general decline in attentional function and delayed development in patients with severe and above SNHL. No matter what mode of hearing compensation, timely and long-term hearing compensation intervention after hearing loss can effectively improve the attention network function, while the patients who do not participate in rehabilitation learning may improve their response accuracy by inhibiting interference and enhancing audio-visual interaction.

Objective:To investigate the role of autophagy mediated by mTOR signaling pathway in the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) induced by cadmium.Methods:HBMSCs were divided into 0, 2.5 or 5.0 μmol/L groups according to the exposure dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2), and each group was treated for 1 day, 4 days and (or) 7 days. The ALP activity and mRNA and protein expression levels of osteogenesis markers (ALP, RUNX2 and OSTERIX), autophagy-related proteins (LC3 and Beclin-1) and mTOR signaling pathway related proteins (mTOR, p-mTOR and p-p70S6K) expression, alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining were detected. MHY 1485 was selected as the signaling pathway activator. The control group, CdCl 2 group (5.0 μmol/L), MHY 1485 group and CdCl 2+MHY 1485 combined treatment group were set. After 7 days of treatment, the expression levels of autophagy related proteins and mTOR signaling pathway related proteins of hBMSCs in each group were detected. Results:There was no significant difference in ALP activity between 0, 2.5 and 5.0 μmol/L groups on day 1 and 4 ( P>0.05); On day 7, compared with the 0 μmol/L group, the ALP activity, expression of osteogenic markers (ALP, RUNX2, OSTERIX) and mTOR signaling pathway related proteins (mTOR, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K) expression decreased in the 2.5 and 5.0 μmol/L group ( P<0.05). Compared with the 0 μmol/L group, the staining of the 2.5 and 5.0 μmol/L groups became lighter, and the formation of ALP and mineralized nodules was reduced. Compared with the CdCl 2 group, the autophagy related protein expression in the CdCl 2+MHY 1485 combined treatment group decreased, and the mTOR signaling pathway related protein expression increased. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by cadmium may be related to autophagy mediated by mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the role of autophagy mediated by mTOR signaling pathway in the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) induced by cadmium.Methods:HBMSCs were divided into 0, 2.5 or 5.0 μmol/L groups according to the exposure dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2), and each group was treated for 1 day, 4 days and (or) 7 days. The ALP activity and mRNA and protein expression levels of osteogenesis markers (ALP, RUNX2 and OSTERIX), autophagy-related proteins (LC3 and Beclin-1) and mTOR signaling pathway related proteins (mTOR, p-mTOR and p-p70S6K) expression, alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining were detected. MHY 1485 was selected as the signaling pathway activator. The control group, CdCl 2 group (5.0 μmol/L), MHY 1485 group and CdCl 2+MHY 1485 combined treatment group were set. After 7 days of treatment, the expression levels of autophagy related proteins and mTOR signaling pathway related proteins of hBMSCs in each group were detected. Results:There was no significant difference in ALP activity between 0, 2.5 and 5.0 μmol/L groups on day 1 and 4 ( P>0.05); On day 7, compared with the 0 μmol/L group, the ALP activity, expression of osteogenic markers (ALP, RUNX2, OSTERIX) and mTOR signaling pathway related proteins (mTOR, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K) expression decreased in the 2.5 and 5.0 μmol/L group ( P<0.05). Compared with the 0 μmol/L group, the staining of the 2.5 and 5.0 μmol/L groups became lighter, and the formation of ALP and mineralized nodules was reduced. Compared with the CdCl 2 group, the autophagy related protein expression in the CdCl 2+MHY 1485 combined treatment group decreased, and the mTOR signaling pathway related protein expression increased. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by cadmium may be related to autophagy mediated by mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) in treatment of patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods Sixty two patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis admitted in Ningbo Second Hospital during January 2010 and December 2013 were enrolled in the study.Patients were randomly assigned in two groups: 50 patients in control group received comprehensive medical treatment only, and 12 patients in combination group received APBSCT on the basis of medical treatment.The levels of serum total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (Alb), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and prothrombin time (PT) in two groups were mearsured at the 4th,12th,24th week.Overall survival (OS),progression-free survival (PFS) and complications were compared between two groups after 3 years follow-up.SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results After APBSCT treatment, the level of Alb and PT at week 4,12 and 24 in combination group improved significantly(tAlb=-4.437,-5.210 and-6.915,tPT=12.083,11.251 and 10.640,all P<0.01),there were also significant differences between combination group and control group (tAlb=4.985, 5.565 and 6.260,tPT =-3.013、-3.727 and-3.983,all P<0.01).The 3-year OS and 3-year PFS of patients in combination group were higher than those of control group [(90.9±8.7)%vs.(60.7±7.4)%, (75.8±12.5)% vs.(47.9±7.3)%](χ2=6.887 and 5.565,P<0.05).Besides,APBSCT had more advantages than control group in reducing ascitic fluid and hepatic encephalopathy(χ2=7.992 and 4.681,P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion APBSCT combined with medical treatment can improve liver function and 3-year survival rate with mild adverse reaction in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.

Objective To study the facial cosmetic zonation and its application of adipose injection for facial juvenescence.Methods According to standard of aesthetics,we divided total face into ten cosmetic units and 49 cosmetic sub-units.23 patients,injected adipose for facial juvenescence,were evaluated.Results 149 cosmetic units from 23 patients were injected with adipose granules,and involved 300 sub-units.Each unit was injected with adipose from 1 to 35 ml.After injection,the faces showed swelling in varying degrees,which resolved from ten to fourteen days.Local ecchymosis occurred in 11 cases,and resolved from five to twenty days.No any complication appeared,such as infection,scleroma and vascular embolism and so on.The follow-up results showed that one month later post-operation,swelling on injective sites resolved,and appearances were stable.3-6 months later post-operation,the injective sites were fuller.One year later,the good j uvenescence effect achieved,and the patients felt satisfactory.Conclusions On the basis of facial cosmetic zonation,the whole cosmetic evaluation combined with local cosmetic evaluation might be helpful to carry out adipose injection for facial juvenescence,and reach a satisfactory result.

Objective To prepare the virus-like particles (VLPs) of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and evaluate the immunogenicity.Method CHIKV structural protein C-E3-E2-6K-E1 encoding gene were amplified by fusion PCR,and cloned into an insect cell expression vector.The recombinant Baculovirus were recovered by co-transfection of the expression plasmid with baculovirus linear DNA into SF9 insect cells,and CHIKV VLPs were prepared from suspension culture SF9 cells.Structural proteins expression were analyzed using IFA,SDS-PAGE and Western-Blot,and morphological analysis via electron microscopy.Result Which showed that CHIKV structural proteins were secreted into the cell culture supernatant and assembled into virus-like spherical particles.BALB /c mice were immunized with the VLPs,high levels of CHIKV specific antibodies were detected in the sera,and CHIKV infection of Vero cells could be effectively neutralized.Couclusion The results showed that CHIKV VLPs can be efficiently produced by the baculovirus expression system in insect cells,and specific IgG and neutralization antibodies could be induced in mice after VLPs immunization.This research laid the foundation for the development of CHIKV VLPs based on immunological detection reagents and even vaccines.

Objective To investigate the application value of recombinant human growth hormone ( rhGH) in the treatment of severe burns .Methods 36 patients with severe burns were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group ,18 cases in each group .Both two groups used the same anti-infection therapy , nutritional support and surgical methods .The observation group received rhGH subcutaneous injection therapy , the control group used the same amount of daily injections of 0.9%sodium chloride.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) , wound healing time , hospitalization time and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results 7d,14d after treatment,the TNF-αand IL-6 levels of the two groups were (18.4 ± 3.3)ng/L vs (24.9 ±7.3)ng/L,(133.2 ±66.9)ng/L vs (271.4 ±88.9)ng/L,(15.4 ±3.2)ng/L vs (25.4 ± 4.9)ng/L,(90.9 ±20.8) ng/L vs (200.7 ±62.2) ng/L,the differences were significant between the two groups (t=3.74,4.75,4.02,4.69,all P<0.05).The healing time and hospital stay in the observation group were signifi-cantly shorter than those of the control group (t=3.75,3.86,4.75,4.64,all P<0.05).Conclusion rhGH therapy can significantly improve the wound healing of severe burn patients ,reduce hospitalization time,it has good clinical results.