Focal choroidal excavation(FCE)is an elusive clinical sign characterized by a localized structural depression in the choroid. It has been increasingly recognized with the widespread use of optical coherence tomography(OCT), though its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood and may involve congenital developmental anomalies or acquired factors(such as inflammation or tumor compression). Studies indicate that FCE can occur independently or secondary to various chorioretinal diseases(e.g., central serous chorioretinopathy, choroidal osteoma, age-related macular degeneration, etc.). Clinically, it has also been observed that FCE may be associated with the development of choroidal neovascularization(CNV). Potential mechanisms linking FCE and CNV include: 1)mechanical traction-hypoxia-signaling pathway activation; 2)disruption of the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)-Bruch's membrane-choroid complex barrier; 3)structural collapse induced by inflammatory scar contraction. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapy is currently the mainstay of treatment for CNV secondary to FCE. By reviewing relevant domestic and international literature, this paper seeks to elucidate the possible pathological relationship between FCE and CNV, with the goal of facilitating early identification of high-risk patients and optimizing anti-VEGF treatment strategies. It also highlights the limitations of current research(such as sample heterogeneity and lack of histological validation of typing criteria), and suggests future directions, such as multicenter studies and molecular mechanism investigations, to support the development of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

The rules of acupoint selection and treatment were identified and discovered from the collected ancient acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions recorded the earliest for epigastric pain. The database of ancient acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions for epigastric pain was set up using Excel2016 software. After the disease term, etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms and acupoints were normalized, the underlying multi-dimensional correlation among the elements of acupuncture-moxibustion was explored, using the frequency statistics and the association rule of Apriori algorithm. In the ancient time, in treatment with acupuncture-moxibustion therapy for epigastric pain, the acupoints of the high use frequency were sequenced as Zhongwan (CV12), Shangwan (CV13), Zusanli (ST36), Neiguan (PC6), Gongsun (SP4), Pishu (BL20) and Weishu (BL21). The common combinations of acupoints included the pairs of back-shu points, the combination of back-shu points and front-mu points, the combination of front-mu points and yuan-source points and the combination of back-shu points and the lower he-sea points. The highly involved acupoints were those from the conception vessel, pericardium meridian, spleen meridian, stomach meridian and bladder meridian; and they were commonly distributed on the abdomen, the yin parts of the foot and the arm, the yang part of the leg and on the back. Regarding the etiologies such as parasites, food retention, masses, qi stagnation and stomach cold, Zhongwan (CV12) and Shangwan (CV13) were coordinated; and Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Daling (PC7) were highly associated with masses. Besides cold injury, parasites and masses, for the epigastric pain caused by other factors of etiology (qi stagnation, stomach cold and food retention), moxibustion therapy was greatly applicable. For epigastric pain combined with qi reversion in the lower abdominal region, Qichong (ST30), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Tianshu (ST25) and Zusanli (ST36) must be selected. Dadu (SP2) and Taibai (SP3) must be used if the distention in the chest and abdomen accompanied; and Zhongzhu (TE3) be used if back pain involved. Zusanli (ST36) was commonly selected for hiccups. For the other accompanied symptoms, Zhongwan (CV12) was used, which is consistent with the acupoint selection of main symptoms. On the trunk, moxibustion was generally used at Weishu (BL21), Pishu (BL20), Geshu (BL17), Zhongwan (CV12), Juque (CV14) and Qihai (CV6), except Shangwan (CV13). Among the acupoints below the elbows and knees, moxibustion was commonly applicable at Zusanli (ST36), and acupuncture was often used at Gongsun (SP4) and Daling (PC7).
Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Moxibustion/history* ; History, Ancient ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; Data Mining ; Abdominal Pain/history*

Objective:To explore the effect of self-compassion-based writing on prosocial behavior in college students with different self-construals.Methods:A total of 182 college students were recruited,and the Self-Con-structional Scales were used to determine the self-construal types(independent or interdependent).Participants were then assigned to either a self-compassion-based writing group(n=91)or a non-self-compassion daily writing group(n=91)and completed writing tasks according to the respective instructions.Prosocial behavior was evaluated with the Prosocial Tendencies Measure(PTM),situational judgment tests,and donation amounts.Results:The evaluation results from the PTM showed that prosocial behavior was significantly higher in individuals with interdependent self-construal compared to those with independent self-construal(P＜0.001),the main effect of the group type was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The evaluation results from situational judgment tests showed that prosocial behavior was significantly higher in individuals with interdependent self-construal compared to those with independ-ent self-construal(P＜0.001),the self-compassion-based writing group demonstrated significantly more prosocial behavior than the non-self-compassion daily writing group(P＜0.05).The evaluation results from donation a-mounts showed that the main effect of self-construal type was not statistically significant(P＞0.05),the self-com-passion-based writing group demonstrated significantly more prosocial behavior than the non-self-compassion daily writing group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared to daily writing,self-compassion-based writing could effectively increase prosocial behavior in college students,regardless of their self-construal type.

Objective To detect the content of rheumatoid factor(RF)after RF-CIC dissociation using serum circulating immune complexes(CIC)dissociation technology and evaluate its diagnostic and clinical value in rheumatic arthritis(RA).Methods 55 RA patients diagnosed and treated in the 903rd Hospital of the People's Liberation Army from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the RA disease group,and 20 healthy individuals were selected as the control group.In addition,57 non RA pa-tients with symptoms resembling RA[patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),gout,ankylosing spondylitis(AS),osteo-arthritis,etc)]as the non RA disease group.Using CIC dissociation technology,RF content after RF-CIC dissociation was detect-ed in the serum of all three groups of study subjects,and C-reactive protein(CRP)and RF levels in all subjects were detected using a biochemical analyzer.Analyzed and compared the differences in the positive rate and levels of RF-CIC among three groups object of study.In addition,analyze and compare the correlation between RF-CIC and inflammatory index CRP.Results The positive rates of RF-CIC in the serum of RA disease group,non RA disease group,and control group were 87.27%(48/55),10.53%(6/57)and 0.0%(0/20),respectively,and the differences between the three groups was statistically significant(χ2=84.520,P<0.05).Further subgroup analysis showed that the RF-CIC positivity rate in the RF negative subgroup of RA disease patients[61.11%(11/18)]higher than that in the non RA disease group[1.92%(1/52)]and the control group[0%(0/20)],and the differ-ences were statistically significant(χ2=44.493,21.671,all P<0.05).The RF-CIC positivity rate was higher in RF positive pa-tients than in RF negative patients in the RA disease group(100%vs 61.11%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=16.487,P<0.05).The RF-CIC content in the serum of RF positive patients in the RA disease group was higher than that of RF negative patients[16.35(10.53,26.49)vs 3.57(2.53,3.89)],and the difference was statistically significant(Z=-4.243,P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the levels of CRP and RF in the serum of RA patients were positively correlated with the levels of RF-CIC(r=0.490,0.970,all P<0.05).Conclusion RF-CIC demonstrates high positivity even in RF-negative RA patients,and their levels correlate with CRP.RF-CIC shows potential as a serological indicator for early diagnosis and disease activity assess-ment in RA.

Objective To detect the content of rheumatoid factor(RF)after RF-CIC dissociation using serum circulating immune complexes(CIC)dissociation technology and evaluate its diagnostic and clinical value in rheumatic arthritis(RA).Methods 55 RA patients diagnosed and treated in the 903rd Hospital of the People's Liberation Army from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the RA disease group,and 20 healthy individuals were selected as the control group.In addition,57 non RA pa-tients with symptoms resembling RA[patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),gout,ankylosing spondylitis(AS),osteo-arthritis,etc)]as the non RA disease group.Using CIC dissociation technology,RF content after RF-CIC dissociation was detect-ed in the serum of all three groups of study subjects,and C-reactive protein(CRP)and RF levels in all subjects were detected using a biochemical analyzer.Analyzed and compared the differences in the positive rate and levels of RF-CIC among three groups object of study.In addition,analyze and compare the correlation between RF-CIC and inflammatory index CRP.Results The positive rates of RF-CIC in the serum of RA disease group,non RA disease group,and control group were 87.27%(48/55),10.53%(6/57)and 0.0%(0/20),respectively,and the differences between the three groups was statistically significant(χ2=84.520,P<0.05).Further subgroup analysis showed that the RF-CIC positivity rate in the RF negative subgroup of RA disease patients[61.11%(11/18)]higher than that in the non RA disease group[1.92%(1/52)]and the control group[0%(0/20)],and the differ-ences were statistically significant(χ2=44.493,21.671,all P<0.05).The RF-CIC positivity rate was higher in RF positive pa-tients than in RF negative patients in the RA disease group(100%vs 61.11%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=16.487,P<0.05).The RF-CIC content in the serum of RF positive patients in the RA disease group was higher than that of RF negative patients[16.35(10.53,26.49)vs 3.57(2.53,3.89)],and the difference was statistically significant(Z=-4.243,P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the levels of CRP and RF in the serum of RA patients were positively correlated with the levels of RF-CIC(r=0.490,0.970,all P<0.05).Conclusion RF-CIC demonstrates high positivity even in RF-negative RA patients,and their levels correlate with CRP.RF-CIC shows potential as a serological indicator for early diagnosis and disease activity assess-ment in RA.

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health.Existing conventional therapeutic drugs(e.g.,interferon-alpha,nucleoside analogs)can inhibit intrahepatic replication of HBV,but it is difficult to remove HBV covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)from the nucleus of hepatocytes,resulting in the virus not being easily cleared and the formation of a chronic infection that is difficult to cure.However,the emergence of targeted drugs is expected to destroy cccDNA making a cure for HBV infection possible.To achieve this,in vitro cell models of HBV infection and replication are needed to screen for targeted drugs.In recent years,in vitro cell models for HBV research have made fundamental progress,providing a platform for a better understanding of virus-host interactions,in vitro studies of the HBV life cycle,and the screening and evaluation of novel antiviral drugs.In this review,the research progress of HBV infection and replication cell models,and the characteristics and limitations of different cell models are reviewed,aiming to provide a basis for exploring the mechanism of complex chronic HBV infection,screening targeted drugs and selecting suitable HBV cell models in vitro.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of monitoring indicators related to the"Perioperative In-fection Control"in medical institutions above the secondary level in Guizhou Province,and to delve into the imple-mentation of key measures for infection prevention and control during the perioperative period for patients under-going surgical operations.METHODS Based on the"Implementation Plan for the'Perioperative Infection Control'Initiative in Guizhou Province",a"Case Investigation Form on Key Measures for Infection Prevention and Control During the Perioperative Period for Patients Undergoing Surgical Operation"was developed.A total of 138 medi-cal institutions participated in the case investigation,and a total of 2 128 cases were investigated.RESULTS The overall monitoring indicators for the"Perioperative Infection Control"initiative in the 138 medical institutions a-bove the secondary level in Guizhou Province were at a relatively low level.The skin cleansing compliance rate was 80.32％,the hair removal compliance rate was 16.43％,the prophylactic antibacterial drug administration rate within 0.5-1 hour before surgery was 55.94％and the antibacterial drug discontinuation rate within 24 hours after prophylactic medication for type Ⅰ incision surgeries was 56.48％.The hair removal compliance rate was higher in tertiary medical institutions(19.21％)than in secondary medical institutions(14.34％)(P=0.039).The distri-bution of the four monitoring indicators varied in clinical departments and surgery types,with statistically signifi-cant differences(P＜0.05).The preferred method for surgical site skin cleansing in medical institutions across the province was local wiping,primarily with clean water(57.21％).The primary method for hair removal was razors(68.82％),and hair removal on the day of surgery was most common(61.75％).CONCLUSIONS Conduc-ting a survey on the current status of"Perioperative Infection Control"initiative monitoring indicators in medi-cal institutions in Guizhou Province helps to understand the implementation of key measures for perioperative in-fection prevention and control and set intervention targets,thus providing references for establishing a dynam-ic monitoring indicator change mechanism.

Objective:To systematically integrate the qualitative research results on the exercise experience and needs of patients with Parkinson's disease at home and abroad, and to provide a reference for formulating exercise management plans that are in line with the feelings of patients with Parkinson's disease.Methods:Computer retrieval was conducted in databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, and ProQuest for qualitative studies on the exercise experience of patients with Parkinson's disease. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the databases to August 8, 2024.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, and 34 research results were extracted. Similar research results were grouped into 11 new categories and integrated into 4 integrated results, namely the incentive factors for patients with Parkinson's disease to participate in exercise, the perceived benefits of patients with Parkinson's disease in exercise, the perceived difficulties of patients with Parkinson's disease in exercise, and the needs of patients with Parkinson's disease to participate in exercise.Conclusions:Exercise has a positive effect on improving the physical and mental conditions of patients with Parkinson's disease. Medical staff should fully consider the needs of patients and formulate safe and reasonable exercise plans to improve the motor life ability of patients with Parkinson's disease.

Objective:To summarize ICU acquired weakness (ICU-AW) assessment tools from both domestic and international sources, providing a reference for healthcare providers in evaluating ICU-AW.Methods:Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework for scope reviews, a computer search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc for relevant information on ICU-AW assessment tools. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to March 31, 2024. Two researchers independently summarized and analyzed the included literature.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, of which seven focused on the development/construction of prediction models, and seven were related to assessment tools, involving 17 different ICU-AW assessment tools.Conclusions:Researchers should develop and construct ICU-AW risk assessment tools with low bias risk and high clinical applicability based on existing ICU-AW assessment tools, providing effective instruments for the precise health management of ICU patients.

This study aims to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of polysaccharide extract PCP1 from Polygonatum cyrtonema in ameliorating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury in rats through modulation of the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) signaling pathway. In vivo, SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group, model group, PCP1 group, nimodipine(NMDP) group, and TLR4 signaling inhibitor(TAK-242) group. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO/R) model was established, and neurological deficit scores and infarct size were evaluated 24 hours after reperfusion. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and Nissl staining were used to observe pathological changes in ischemic brain tissue. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) assessed ultrastructural damage in cortical neurons. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-18(IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-10(IL-10), and nitric oxide(NO) in serum. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze the expression of TLR4 and NLRP3 proteins. In vitro, a BV2 microglial cell oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R) model was established, and cells were divided into the control, OGD/R, PCP1, TAK-242, and PCP1 + TLR4 activator lipopolysaccharide(LPS) groups. The CCK-8 assay evaluated BV2 cell viability, and ELISA determined NO release. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of TLR4, NLRP3, and downstream pathway-related proteins. The results indicated that, compared with the model group, PCP1 significantly reduced neurological deficit scores, infarct size, ischemic tissue pathology, cortical cell damage, and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and NO(P<0.01). It also elevated IL-10 levels(P<0.01) and decreased the expression of TLR4 and NLRP3 proteins(P<0.05, P<0.01). Moreover, in vitro results showed that, compared with the OGD/R group, PCP1 significantly improved BV2 cell viability(P<0.05, P<0.01), reduced cell NO levels induced by OGD/R(P<0.01), and inhibited the expression of TLR4-related inflammatory pathway proteins, including TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6), phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappaB dimer RelA(p-p65)/nuclear factor-kappaB dimer RelA(p65), NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC), GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18(P<0.05, P<0.01). The protective effects of PCP1 were reversed by LPS stimulation. In conclusion, PCP1 ameliorates cerebral I/R injury by modulating the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway, exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptotic effects.
Animals ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury/genetics* ; Male ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Polysaccharides/isolation & purification* ; Polygonatum/chemistry* ; Brain Ischemia/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice ; Humans