Objective Using female mice to investigate the reparative effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on radiation-induced ovarian injury. Methods Mice were randomly divided into three groups: a blank control group, a radiation model group, and a cell therapy group. Mice in the radiation model group and the cell therapy group received a single whole-body irradiation of 5 Gy X-rays. Within 2 hours post-irradiation, mice in the cell therapy group underwent ovarian transplantation of UC-MSCs. On days 1, 7, and 14 post-irradiation, body weight was measured, ovarian index was calculated, histopathological changes in ovarian tissue were examined, serum levels of reproductive hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone, and estradiol) were determined, and the colonization of implanted UC-MSCs in the mice was observed. Results On days 1, 7, and 14 post-irradiation, both the cell therapy group and the radiation model group showed decreased body weight compared to the blank control group (P < 0.05). On day 1 post-irradiation compared to day 1 pre-irradiation within the same group, the radiation model group exhibited a greater decrease in body weight than the cell therapy group (P < 0.05). On days 1, 7, and 14 post-irradiation, the ovarian index decreased in both the radiation model group and the cell therapy group compared to the blank control group (P < 0.05). On days 7 and 14 post-irradiation, the ovarian index in the cell therapy group was significantly higher than that in the radiation model group (P < 0.05). Ovarian tissue in the radiation model group exhibited atrophy and a reduction in the number of follicles at all stages. In contrast, follicles in the cell therapy group were large and abundant. On days 1, 7, and 14 post-irradiation, serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the cell therapy group were lower than those in the radiation model group, while anti-Müllerian hormone and estradiol levels were higher than those in the radiation model group (P < 0.01). In vivo fluorescence imaging demonstrated that UC-MSCs successfully colonized the ovarian tissue on days 1, 7, and 14 after transplantation. Conclusion UC-MSCs exert a repair effect on radiation-induced ovarian injury in mice.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy（AIT） remains the only therapeutic approach with the potential to modify the natural course of allergic rhinitis（AR）. Nevertheless, considerable inter-individual variability exists in patients'responses to AIT. To facilitate more reliable assessment of treatment efficacy, the China Rhinopathy Research Cooperation Group（CRRCG） convened young and middle-aged nasal experts in China to formulate the present consensus. The recommended subjective outcome measures for AIT comprise symptom scores, medication scores, combined symptom and medication scores, quality-of-life assessments, evaluation of disease control, and assessment of comorbidities. Objective indicators may supplement these measures. Currently available objective approaches include skin prick testing, nasal provocation testing, and allergen exposure chambers. However, these methods remain constrained by practical limitations and are not yet appropriate for routine implementation in clinical efficacy evaluation. In addition, several biomarkers, including sIgE and the sIgE/tIgE ratio, sIgG4, serum IgE-blocking activity, IgA, cytokines and chemokines, as well as immune cell surface molecules and their functional activity, have been shown to have associations with AIT outcomes. While these biomarkers may complement subjective assessments, they are subject to significant limitations. Consequently, large-scale multicenter trials and real-world evidence are required to strengthen the evidence base. The present consensus underscores the necessity of integrating patients'subjective experiences with objective testing throughout the treatment process, thereby providing a more comprehensive and accurate framework for efficacy evaluation. Looking forward, future investigations should prioritize the incorporation of multi-omics data and artificial intelligence methodologies, which hold promise for overcoming current limitations in assessment strategies and for advancing both the standardization and personalization of AIT.
Humans ; Allergens/immunology* ; China ; Consensus ; Desensitization, Immunologic ; Immunoglobulin E ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; East Asian People

Objective:To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on postoperative pain, oxidative stress and adverse reactions in patients undergoing radical mastectomy.Methods:A total of 90 patients with breast cancer who received radical surgical treatment in our hospital from Jun. 2022 to Jun. 2023 were prospectively included as research objects and randomly divided into 3 groups with 30 patients in each group. DEX group was applied before, during and after surgery, respectively. The levels of pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Richmonation sedation score (RASS), superoxide dismu-tase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were recorded.Results:The recovery time and extubation time in preoperative and intraoperative DEX group were significantly lower than those in postoperative DEX group, and the awakening time and extubation time in preoperative DEX group were significantly lower than those in intraoperative DEX group ( F value was 48.62 and 53.98, respectively, P<0.001). At 1 h, 6 h and 12 h after surgery, the VAS and RASS scores of patients in the preoperative and intraoperative DEX group were significantly lower than those in the postoperative DEX group, compared with those in the intraoperative DEX group. The VAS and RASS scores in the DEX group were significantly decreased ( F value: 62.34, 55.24, 69.26, 36.82, 24.20, 39.97, P<0.001). At 24h after surgery, there was no significant difference in VAS and RASS scores among the three groups ( F value was 0.45 and 0.81, respectively, P value was 0.613 and 0.418). Immediately after surgery, 24 h after surgery, 72 h after surgery, the SOD level of DEX group was significantly higher than that of DEX group before and during surgery ( F value was 29.37, 33.24, 10.35, P<0.001). MDA levels were significantly lower than those in postoperative DEX group ( F value was 30.52, 41.27, 8.26, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions among all groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Preoperative and intraoperative application of DEX can reduce postoperative pain and oxidative stress in breast cancer patients, help patients recover quickly after surgery, and preoperative application is superior to intraoperative application.

AIM:To observe the effect of acupuncture on adenosine A1 receptor(A1R)in the caudate puta-men(CPu)of complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)rats,and to explore the potential mechanism of acupuncture in treat-ment of inflammatory pain.METHODS:Sixty-four 6～8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into saline group,model group(CFA group),CFA+manual acupuncture(MA)group,CFA+solvent dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group,CFA+A1R agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine(CCPA)group,CFA+A1R antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-di-propylxanthine(DPCPX)group,CFA+MA+DMSO group and CFA+MA+DPCPX group.In MA groups,on the 2nd day af-ter modeling,the rats were needled at Zusanli points on both sides,30 min at a time,once per day,for 7 d.Pain threshold of plantar thermal radiation was used to observe the pain response of the rats.The content of cyclic adenosine monophos-phate(cAMP)in the CPu was detected by ELISA.The protein expression and phosphorylation levels of protein kinase A(PKA)and cAMP response element-binding protein(CREB)were detected by Western blot.The expression of A1R in the CPu was detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:Compared with saline group,CFA modeling signifi-cantly lowered the thermal pain threshold of the rats(P<0.01).Compared with CFA group,the thermal pain threshold of the rats in CFA+MA group and CFA+CCPA group was significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with CFA+ MA+DMSO group,the thermal pain threshold of the rats in CFA+MA+DPCPX group was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with CFA group,A1R protein relative expression level and positive cells in the CPu of the rats in CFA+MA group were in-creased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with saline group,cAMP content and p-CREB protein level in the CPu of the rats in CFA+MA group were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with CFA+DMSO group,cAMP content and p-CREB pro-tein level in CFA+MA+DMSO and CFA+CCPA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with CFA+MA+ DMSO group,the levels of cAMP,p-PKA and p-CREB in CFA+MA+DPCPX group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture on bilateral Zusanli can relieve inflammatory pain in CFA rats,and its mech-anism may be related to A1R/cAMP/p-CREB signaling pathway.

Objective:To establish an ultrasound radiomics model by integrating clinical, pathological, and conventional ultrasound features with radiomics characteristics, and to explore its clinical value in predicting endocrine resistance in hormone receptor(HR)-positive breast cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 478 patients with HR-positive breast cancer from January 2017 to December 2021 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, of which 430 were resistant and 48 were sensitive. The clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical data and ultrasound images were collected.Firstly, the propensity score was used to process and match the data. Secondly, Logistic regression was used to screen clinical, pathological, and conventional ultrasound features associated with endocrine resistance. Then, PyRadiomics was used to extract the radiomic features of grayscale ultrasound images, and a series of methods such as Lasso regression were used to screen the radiomic features related to endocrine resistance. Seven machine learning methods such as random forest were used to build a radiomics model. Finally, clinical, pathological and ultrasound features were added to establish a clinical pathological model, a clinical pathological ultrasound model, a clinical pathological radiomics model and a combined model of the four features, and the model effectiveness was evaluated.Results:①Propensity score matching: 96 patients were matched, including 48 patients in the drug-resistant group and 48 patients in the sensitive group. ②Screening clinical pathological conventional ultrasound features related to endocrine resistance: lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter, posterior echo attenuation, and growth orientation were independent predictors of endocrine resistance (all P<0.05). ③Screening radiomics features related to endocrine resistance: 18 features such as Dependence Entropy. ④Establishing radiomics model: the machine learning model of random forest method (AUC=0.80) performed best. ⑤Radiomics model integrating clinical, pathological and conventional ultrasound features: the AUC of the clinical pathological model was 0.70, the AUC of the clinical pathological ultrasound model was 0.78, the AUC of the clinical pathological radiomics model was 0.82, and the AUC of the combined model was 0.86. Conclusions:The radiomics model established by the random forest method performs best in predicting endocrine resistance in HR-positive breast cancer. The model that integrates multiple features performs best in assessing endocrine resistance.which is expected to provide an objective basis for clinicians to predict endocrine resistance in HR-positive breast cancer.

Objective To systematically evaluate the experiences of drug self-management in elderly patients with multiple chronic illnesses,so as to provide references for the development of personalized drug self-management intervention programs.Methods Qualitative research on drug self-management experiences of elderly patients with multiple chronic diseases was retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and SinoMed.The retrieval time limit is from the establishment of the databases to November 2023.The qualitative research quality evaluation criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-based Health Care Center in Australia was used to evaluate quality of studies.The results were integrated by meta-integration method.Results A total of 9 studies were included,and 33 research results were extracted,and 4 integrated results and 12 categories were synthesized.The integration results included the objective dilemmas and challenges of drug self-management,the low level of drug literacy,willingness to engage in positive behavior attempts,need of multi-party assistance.Conclusion The objective dilemmas of drug self-management and low level of drug literacy in elderly patients with multimorbidity will seriously affect their health outcomes.Medical staffs should pay attention to the different experiences of patients in the process of drug self-management,identify the needs of patients,formulate targeted intervention support strategies,and improve the level of drug self-management in elderly patients.

Objective:To explore the real experience and needs of successful aging among urban elderly people who participated in intergenerational raising.Methods:This study was a qualitative study. From February to April 2023, purposive sampling was used to select 10 elderly individuals from Fanjingjiayuan Community in Changqing District, Jinan City who participated in intergenerational raising as the research subject. Semi-structured interviews and face-to-face nonverbal behavior observation methods were used to collect data, while Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method was used to summarize, analyze the data and extract themes.Results:A total of three themes and 10 sub-themes were extracted, namely positive psychological feelings (self-realization, obtaining emotional support, health benefits), negative psychological feelings (intergenerational raising pressure, decreased life satisfaction, mental stress, physical and mental exhaustion), and the need to promote successful aging (family support, community support, policy support) .Conclusions:Urban elderly people who participate in intergenerational raising have both negative and positive psychological experiences. Families and society should pay attention to the psychological feelings of participating in intergenerational raising of elderly people in urban communities, so as to promote successful aging of the elderly people.

Objective:To explore the optimization of surgical procedures for laryngotracheal stenosis and its effect analysis.Methods:The data of 32 patients with acquired laryngotracheal stenosis who received surgical treatment from October 2015 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The age ranged from 19 to 72 years, with an average of (34.0±9.0) years. The medical history ranged from 1 to 32 months (median 3 months). As for etiology, there were 30 cases of iatrogenic laryngotracheal stenosis, including 20 cases of tracheal intubation and 10 cases of tracheotomy (7 cases of percutaneous tracheotomy and 3 cases of traditional tracheotomy). There were 1 case of laryngotracheal trauma and 1 case of airway Penicillium marneffei infection. According to Myer-Cotton grading system, grade Ⅳ stenosis was found in 14 cases, including 12 cases involving trachea and 2 cases involving trachea and subglottic area.There were 18 cases of grade Ⅲ, all of which involved the cervical trachea 5 cases failed in operation in other hospitals. According to stenosis grading, course of disease, primary disease control and the patient′s general condition, the surgical plan was determined individually. The operations of end-to-end anastomosis, circumferential tracheal partial resection, T-tube placement and CO 2 laser tracheal scar resection were performed respectively. The recovery of airway function and perioperative complications were observed one year after operation. Results:End-to-end anastomosis was performed in 16 cases, and partial circumferential tracheal resection in 2 cases, and tracheal granulation (scar) resection by CO 2 laser in 2 cases and T-tube insertion in 12 cases. Eighteen cases which performed end-to-end anastomosis, partial resection of circumferential trachea in and 2 cases which performed laser tracheal scar resection were all recovered airway function at one stage. After 1 year, 19 cases were cured and 1 case was effective. Of 12 patients with T tube implantation, 11 cases were successfully extubated after 6-12 months, 7 cases were cured after 1 year, 2 cases were effective and 3 cases were ineffective. Among the 3 cases of failure, 2 cases were successfully extubated by sleeve resection and end-to-end anastomosis in the second stage, and the other case refused to accept other treatment methods and the T-tube was placed again, and the tube was blocked and the patient survived. During the follow-up period, the total cure rate was 87.5%, the effective rate was 9.4%, and the total extubation rate was 96.9%.The most common complication was subcutaneous emphysema, accounting for 78% (25/32), but no serious mediastinal emphysema or pneumothorax occurred. In the T-tube implantation group, granulation tissue grew in different degrees around the neck wound after operation, and improved or disappeared after 6-9 months. Anterior cervical tracheal fistula occurred in 4 cases of T-tube implantation group after extubation, which were cured by sealing the stoma. There were no complications such as severe bleeding or perioperative death. Conclusion:When there were various factors, the optimization of the surgical plan according to the degree of stenosis, the course of disease, the control of primary disease and the general condition was an important guarantee to improve the curative effect of laryngotracheal stenosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ on acute lung injury in sepsis rats based on network pharmacology， and conduct experimental verification. METHODS The network pharmacology was used to predict the potential target of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in the treatment of acute lung injury following sepsis. The rat model of sepsis was reproduced by cecum ligation and puncture for experimental verification. Totally 192 SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group （Sham group）， sepsis group （Sep group）， conventional therapy group （CT group） and ziyuglycoside Ⅰ group （Zg Ⅰ group）， respectively. Sham group and Sep group were given sterile normal saline， and CT group and ZgⅠ group were given relevant volume of Ringer’s solution and ziyuglycoside Ⅰ. The arterial blood gas， serum inflammatory factors， lung wet/dry mass ratio， pathological changes of lung tissue， pulmonary vascular permeability， the expressions of pulmonary vein tight junction protein 1 （ZO-1） and vascular endothelial cadherin （VE-cadherin） protein and 72-hour survival were observed in each group. RESULTS Results of network pharmacology showed that there were 47 potential targets of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in the treatment of sepsis. The results of gene ontology function enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the mechanism could 598486924@qq.com be correlated with biological processes such as positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism， wound healing， regulation of endothelial cell proliferation， cell activation， blood vessel development， response to oxidative stress， etc.， and with signaling pathway such as apoptosis， tight junction， HIF-1 signaling pathway， etc. The results of experimental verification showed that compared with Sham group， pH value and the level of partial arterial oxygen pressure were decreased significantly in Sep group （P＜0.05）， while the level of partial pressure of carbon dioxide， serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α， interleukin 6 were increased significantly （P＜0.05）； the ratio of lung wet/dry mass was increased significantly （P＜0.05）； the protein expressions of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； 72 h survival rate decreased，the survival time was significantly shortened （P＜0.05）； the results of pathological observation of lung tissue showed that the rats’ alveoli were extensively ruptured， the alveolar wall was thickened and accompanied with edema， and there was obvious inflammatory cell infiltration； the results of pulmonary vascular permeability observation showed that the lung surface of rats was dark， with a large amount of Evans blue exudation， and the left lower lung was obviously dark blue. Compared with Sep group， the levels of above indexes almost were reversed significantly in CT group and ZgⅠ group （P＜0.05）； the lung histopathology and pulmonary vascular permeability were significantly improved， and the recovery degree of ZgⅠ group was greater than that of CT group， which was close to the results of Sham group. CONCLUSIONS Ziyuglycoside Ⅰ can significantly reduce inflammatory reaction and acute lung injury in septic rats， which is related to vascular function and tight junction signal pathway.

This patient suffered from severe subglottic stenosis(grade Ⅳb). During partial cricotracheal resection, we cut through the cricothyroid membrane and the cricoid arch along the line from the lower edge of the thyroid cartilage to 5 mm of the inferior thyroid cartilage corner anteromedially. This can protect the cricothyroid joint, effectively protect the recurrent laryngeal nerve, and also support the airway. Strictly adhere to airway separation, avoid excessive separation of scars, and combine with reasonable postoperative management to achieve a safe extubation.
Humans ; Constriction, Pathologic/surgery* ; Trachea/surgery* ; Airway Extubation ; Laryngostenosis/surgery* ; Larynx/surgery* ; Cricoid Cartilage/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome