Magnetic stimulation has made significant strides in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, current magnetic stimulation techniques lack the precision to accurately modulate specific nuclei and cannot realize deep brain magnetic stimulation. To address this, we utilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as mediators to achieve precise targeting and penetration. We investigated the effects of magnetic fields with varying frequencies on neuronal activity and compared the activation effects on neurons using a 10-Hz precise magneto-stimulation system (pMSS) with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in mice. Oxytocin levels, dendritic morphology and density, and mouse behavior were measured before and after pMSS intervention. Our findings suggest that pMSS can activate oxytocinergic neurons, leading to upregulation of oxytocin secretion and neurite outgrowth. As a result, sociability was rapidly improved after a one-week pMSS treatment regimen. These results demonstrate a promising magneto-stimulation method for regulating neuronal activity in deep brain nuclei and provide a promising therapeutic approach for autism spectrum disorder.
Animals ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology* ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/physiology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods* ; Male ; Social Behavior ; Mice ; Oxytocin/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neurons/physiology*

Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Adolescent ; Child ; Drinking Water ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mineral Waters ; Minerals ; Schools ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Water Supply

Objeetive To investigate the changes of kidney cortex hemoperfusion before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and time-intensity curve.Methods Thirty patients of renal calculi were treated with ESWL and examined with CEUS before and after ESWL.Renal cortex blood perfusion parameters of the lithotriptic areas,including the contrast agent arrival time (AT) ,time to peak (TTP) .peak intensity (PI) and velocity parameters (β) were quantitatively measured with ACQ software.Results The value of AT,TTP and β were not significantly different before and after ESWL (P＞0.05) .PI value after ESWL was lower than that before ESWL (P＜0.05) . Conclusion CEUS can quantitatively evaluate the changes of kidney cortex hemoperfusion after ESWL,and reflect the minor renal damage resulted from ESWL.CEUS can be used as a new method of observing and evaluating the renal damage caused by ESWL.

Objective To study on the efficiency of topical pharyngeal anesthesia in gastroscopy and the factors related to the tolerance of patients. Methods A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted. Two hundred and three subjects consented to participate in this study underwent gastroscopy. Relative Risks (RR) of patients' discomfort in pharyngeal anesthesia were calculated, anxiety and other potential confounding factors by using logistic regression analysis. Results Compared with placebo controls, the RR of patient discomfort on intubation was 0.37 (95 % CI 0. 20-0. 70) , patients aged less than 40 years had RR higher than those of aged 40 or over ( RR 2. 13 , 95% CI 1. 09-4. 15 ) . With subgroup analysis in those patients less than 40 years old and undergoing gastroscopy for the first time, the RR of patients' discomfort was 0. 23 (95% CI 0. 07-0. 77) and 0. 24 (95% CI 0. 10-0. 58) for the topical anesthesia. Conclusion Topical pharyngeal anesthesia appears to be effective in diminishing the discomfort during endoscopy in patients less than 40 years old and those undergoing the procedure first time. Trait-anxiety is not a predictor of discomfort.