Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Dry eye disease(DED)refers to a condition characterized by reduced stability of the tear film or an imbalance in the microenvironment of the ocular surface, resulting from abnormalities in quality, quantity and kinetics of tear. This condition leads to various ocular discomforts and even visual impairment. The pathogenesis of DED is multifactorial and current treatment mainly focuses on symptom relief and preservation of visual function. Acupuncture has shown effectiveness in treating dry eye, although its underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Proteomics technology offers a comprehensive and systematic approach to studying the functions, structures and interactions of proteins. Its application in DED research can provide valuable insights into the dynamic changes in protein levels associated with different etiology or the course of DED and facilitate the identification of potential biomarkers. Furthermore, proteomics can systematically explore the regulatory mechanisms underlying acupuncture treatment for DED, providing a theoretical basis for acupuncture treatment research and contributing to the understanding of its effects at a fundamental level. This paper aims to explore the potential application of proteomics in both clinical and basic research on DED. Ultimately, it strives to offer scientific and effective strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of DED and advance our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying acupuncture therapy.

Objective:To explore the urodynamic characteristics of bladder function in patients with abnormal urination after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer.Methods:In a prospective self-controlled study, a total of 84 patients with cervical cancer and clinical stage of ⅠB to ⅡA, meeting the preoperative inclusion criteria in our hospital from January 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled.All patients were tested for urodynamic testing 1 week before and 6 months after surgery.Patient bladder function status was observed and evaluated before and after surgery and urodynamic examination results were analyzed.Results:Of 84 study cases, the 58 patients developed abnormal urination after radical surgery, there were no urination abnormalities in 26 cases.There was no significant difference in age, clinical stage and pathological diagnosis between patients with and without urination abnormalities.Abnormal urination after radical surgery included difficulty in urinating(55%), frequent urination with a feeling of urination not complete(34%), stress urinary incontinence(7%), and urinary incontinence(4%). Among the 26 patients without urination abnormalities after radical surgery, only one case showed an abnormal urodynamic examination(abnormal bladder sensation). In patients without abnormal urination after surgery, differences in the urodynamic examination findings between pre-and post-surgery were not statistically significant(all P> 0.05). At the same time, in all cases of abnormal urination after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer, 43 patients(74%)with bladder dysfunction had normal urination pattern before operation, but after operation, the urination abnormality required abdominal pressure.Of the patients with bladder dysfunction after surgery, the maximum flow rate(Qmax)was(12.9±10.3)ml/s, the average flow rate(Qave)was(6.0±4.2)ml/s, the voided volume was(148.0±36.8)ml, voiding time was(32.9±22.1)s, maximum flow time was(11.4±5.0)s, postvoid residual urine was(260.2±219.2)ml, maximal detrusor pressure was(12.1±8.9)cmH 2O, bladder compliance was(16.1±4.3)ml/cmH 2O, normal desire to void was(354.5±204.3)ml, maximal capacity was(587.4±152.5)ml, maximum urethral pressure was(97.6±33.1)cmH 2O, maximum urethral closure pressure was(89.9±36.4)cmH 2O, and function urethral length was(29.6±6.5)mm; In comparison, the above indexes-corresponding values at 1 week before surgery were respectively as follows: the Qmax was(25.1±11.4)ml/s, the Qave was(11.4±6.6)ml/s, the voided volume was(318.6±96.4)ml, voiding time was(29.2±18.5)s, maximum flow time was(6.7±3.9)s, postvoid residual urine was(29.9±21.5)ml, maximal detrusor pressure was(31.9±21.4)cmH 2O, bladder compliance was(78.1±33.9)ml/cmH 2O, normal desire to void was(258.2±185.5)ml, maximal capacity was(335.1±124.9)ml, maximum urethral pressure was(96.4±33.9)cm H 2O, maximum urethral closure pressure was(88.5±35.2)cmH 2O, and function urethral length was(37.2±7.2)mm.It can be seen that Qmax, Qave, voided volume, maximum detrusor pressure, bladder compliance, and functional urethral length in patients with abnormal urination are significantly lower after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer than before the surgery.While, normal desire to void, maximum capacity, maximum flow time, and postvoid residual urine volume were higher after radical hysterectomy than before surgery( P<0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in voiding time, maximum urethral pressure and maximum urethral closure pressure between pre-and post-operation.Besides, it is worth noting that there was no significant difference in preoperative urodynamic test results between patients without abnormal urination versus patients with abnormal urination( P>0.05), and the difference in urodynamic test results between the two groups is statistically significant( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in abnormal urination and in urodynamic test results between different clinical stages and between different pathological types( P>0.05). Conclusions:The characteristics of urinary dynamics in patients with abnormal urination after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer are mainly manifested as decreased bladder sensory function and abnormal detrusor function.And the urodynamic test can provide objective clinical indicators for early diagnosis.

Adventitia ; Atherosclerosis/genetics* ; Cell Communication ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia/genetics* ; Sequence Analysis, RNA

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of road traffic injuries among children aged 0-17 in Shashi District, Jingzhou City, and to provide a basis for formulating strategies and measures to prevent road traffic injuries in children. Methods A staged random sampling method was used to select preschool children from 8 communities, and students from 8 primary schools, 8 junior high schools and 4 senior high schools, respectively, in Shashi District of Jingzhou. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the children on road traffic safety, and the incidence of children's traffic injuries and their cognition and behavior were analyzed.  Results A total of 8 299 children completed the survey. The incidence rate of non-fatal road traffic injuries was 1.07%. Children aged 11-15 years had the highest incidence of road traffic injuries among all age groups, accounting for 66.29% of the total injuries, followed by the 16-20 years old group. The main risk factors of road traffic injuries in children were not taking the special lane when riding a bicycle, running red lights, using mobile phones when walking, and not wearing a helmet when riding a motorcycle. Walking was the main way for students to have road traffic injuries.  Conclusion Children's road traffic injuries became a social problem that should not be ignored. Students above fourth grade were the key population for children's road traffic injury intervention in Shashi District. Road traffic safety publicity and intervention should be carried out for children of different ages and genders.

Objective:To investigate the correlation of the blood concentration of tacrolimus ( Tac) and serum cystatin C ( SCysC) and serum creatinine (Scr) in the patients with renal transplantation. Methods:Totally 84 cases of renal transplantation patients (67 male/17 female) treated with Tac were involved. The blood concentration of Tac, SCysC and Scr were monitored after the operation. Data results were categorized according to the postoperative time and the blood concentration. The correlations of Tac blood concentra-tion,SCysC and Scr were analyzed and compared by using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The blood concentration of Tac was not significantly associated with SCysC and Scr in different postoperative time groups and different drug concentration groups ( P >0. 05). As the extension of time,the blood concentration of Tac showed a gradual declining trend, while SCysC and Scr levels de-creased first, and then increased gradually after two years of the operation. Conclusion:The blood concentration of Tac has no effect on the function evaluation of transplanted kidney by the biochemical indicators such as SCysC and Scr.

Objective To explore the different apoptotic gene expressions and apoptotic signaling transduction of human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells infected by enterovirus 71 (EV71) in different stage.Methods The survival of EV71-infected RD cells was observed by trypan blue staining.The apoptotic morphology and rates of RD cells were surveyed and detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometry,respectively.PCR array was employed to analyze 88 apoptotic gene expressions from EV71-infected RD cells at 8 h and 20 h postinfection (p.i),respectively.Results After RD cells were infected with EV71 (MOI =5) at 8 h p.i,the viability was significantly decreased.Flow cytometry data demonstrated that the apoptotic rates of EV71-infected RD cells had increased to 18.0％ and 19.1％ at 20 h p.i in early and later stage respectively.RT-PCR array studies revealed significant variations in the expression of apoptotic genes.Among 88 genes,only the expression of IFN-β1 was upregulated 5.22 folds,whereas 47 genes including ACIN1,Akt,Apaf1,caspase and CIDEB were found to be downregulated that were lower than 2 folds at 8 h p.i.However,28 genes including FasL,CD40L,TNF,caspase-10 and caspase-3 were induced more than 2 folds after EV71 infection at 20 h.Conclusion The downregulation of apoptosis-related genes is associated with viral apoptosis-suppressing effect in RD cells in the early stage of EV71 infection.The death receptor signaling pathways including Fas/FasL and TNF/TNFR are activated to induce cell apoptosis in the late stage of EV71 infection.Moreover,host cell can also inhibit apoptosis by regulating signal pathway of CD40/CD40L,NF-κB/RelA and PI3K/Akt activation.

Molecular biology is the fundamental course of life science,and its experimental teaching is difficult to offer due to its long process and need of expensive equipments.Virtual laboratory platform is an important approach for practice teaching in recent years.This article discussed the advantages and requirements,provided the experience of its applying at our university,and suggested that virtual laboratory platform can play a key role in molecular biology experimental teaching.

Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiologic characteristics of patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection post blood transfusion.Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELlSA)were used to detect HCV RNA and antiHCV,respectively.Analysis was performed for patients' age distribution,cause of primary diseases,exposure years,ingredient and amount of transfusion,incubation period and liver function damage.The statistical processing were performed with chi-square test,t-test and correlation analysis.Results HCV RNA levels were higher than 3.0 log10 copy/mL in 85.3%infected patients with a median of 5.99log10 copy/mL,among which 19.7%patients showed viral load 3.0 to 4.0 log10 copy/mL and 69.9%showed 5.0 to 6.0 log10 copy/mL.Eighty-one point six percent(40/49)of infected persons were confirmed as HCV RNA positive by HCV RNA qualitative analysis,while 99.7%(383/384)patientswere detected as anti-HCV positive by serological test.The sensitivity of serological test was higher than both HCV RNA quantitative and qualitative assays(F=57.138,P=0.000;F=63.149,P=0.000,respectively).HCV infection post blood transfusion was more common in people of 30 to 60years old.Most cases(84.4%)got the first time exposure during 1990 to 1994.More than 10%cases had primary disease as obstetrics, orthopedics or gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Eighty percent received whole blood product transfusion.The mean interval between transfusion and clinical diagnosis was (86.0±54.6 ) months. Eighty nine percent of infected patients had liver function damage, while most of them showed elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with no more than 5 upper limits of normal (ULN). Conclusions Post transfusion HCV infection mainly happened in adulthood. Infected patients usually have liver function damage with elevated ALT with no more than 5 ULN and medium HCV RNA levels.